"Tsarin farashi mai yawa da ƙarancin buƙata" na bara a masana'antar takarda ya sanya matsin lamba kan aiki
Tun a bara, masana'antar takarda ta kasance ƙarƙashin matsin lamba da yawa kamar "rage buƙata, girgizar wadata, da kuma raunana tsammanin". Abubuwa kamar hauhawar kayan aiki da na'urori masu amfani da makamashi da farashin makamashi sun ƙara farashi, wanda ya haifar da raguwar fa'idodin tattalin arzikin masana'antar.
A bisa kididdigar Oriental Fortune Choice, ya zuwa ranar 24 ga Afrilu, kamfanoni 16 daga cikin 22 da aka lissafa a cikin jerin kamfanonin yin takarda na A-share sun bayyana rahotannin shekara-shekara na 2022. Duk da cewa kamfanoni 12 sun sami ci gaba a cikin kudaden shiga na aiki a bara, kamfanoni 5 ne kawai suka kara ribar su a bara, kuma sauran 11 sun fuskanci raguwar matakai daban-daban. "Ƙara samun kudin shiga yana da wuya a kara riba" ya zama hoton masana'antar takarda a shekarar 2022.akwatin cakulan
Idan aka shiga shekarar 2023, "wasan wuta" zai ƙara samun wadata. Duk da haka, matsin lambar da masana'antar takarda ke fuskanta har yanzu yana nan, kuma yana da matuƙar wahala a yi amfani da nau'ikan takarda da yawa, musamman takardar marufi kamar allon akwati, corrugated, farin kati, da farin allo, kuma lokacin hutun ya fi rauni. Yaushe masana'antar takarda za ta fara wayewa?
Masana'antar ta inganta ƙwarewarta ta cikin gida
Da yake magana game da yanayin ciki da waje da masana'antar takarda ke fuskanta a shekarar 2022, kamfanoni da masu sharhi sun cimma matsaya guda ɗaya: Yana da wahala! Matsalar tana cikin gaskiyar cewa farashin ɓawon itace a ƙarshen farashi yana da matuƙar girma a tarihi, kuma yana da wuya a ƙara farashi saboda jinkirin buƙatar, "dukkan ɓangarorin biyu sun matse". Sun Paper ta bayyana a cikin rahoton shekara-shekara na kamfanin cewa shekarar 2022 za ta zama shekara mafi wahala ga masana'antar takarda ta ƙasata tun bayan rikicin kuɗi na duniya a shekarar 2008.akwatin cakulan
Duk da irin waɗannan matsaloli, a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, ta hanyar ƙoƙarin da ba a yi ba, dukkan masana'antar takarda ta shawo kan abubuwa da yawa marasa kyau da aka ambata a sama, ta cimma ƙaruwa mai ɗorewa a yawan fitarwa, kuma ta tabbatar da wadatar kayayyakin takarda a kasuwa.
A cewar bayanai da Hukumar Kididdiga ta Kasa, Hukumar Kwastam ta Gaba da Kungiyar Takardu ta China suka fitar, a shekarar 2022, yawan fitar da takarda da kwali a kasar zai kai tan miliyan 124, kuma kudin shigar da kamfanonin samar da takarda da takarda ke samu a sama da girman da aka kayyade zai kai yuan tiriliyan 1.52, karuwar kashi 0.4% a shekara bayan shekara, wato yuan biliyan 62.11, raguwar kashi 29.8%.akwatin baklava
"Lokacin rage darajar masana'antu" kuma lokaci ne mai mahimmanci don canji da haɓakawa, lokacin haɗin gwiwa wanda ke hanzarta share tsoffin ƙarfin samarwa da kuma mai da hankali kan gyare-gyaren masana'antu. A cewar rahoton shekara-shekara, a cikin shekarar da ta gabata, an yi amfani da wasu kamfanoni da aka lissafa a cikin jerin"ƙarfafa ƙwarewarsu ta ciki"game da dabarun da suka kafa don haɓaka babban gasa.
Mafi mahimmancin alkibla ita ce a hanzarta tura manyan kamfanonin takarda don "haɗa gandun daji, ɓangaren litattafan almara da takarda" domin samun damar daidaita sauyin da masana'antar ke fuskanta a zagaye.
Daga cikinsu, a lokacin bayar da rahoton, Sun Paper ta fara tura wani sabon aikin haɗakar dazuzzuka da takarda a Nanning, Guangxi, wanda ya ba wa kamfanin damar cimma ci gaba mai inganci da kuma cike gibin wurin da aka tsara. Rashin daidaiton da ke cikin masana'antar ya ba kamfanin damar tsayawa kan sabon mataki tare da jimlar ƙarfin samar da jajjagen da takarda sama da tan miliyan 10, wanda ya buɗe babban ɗaki don ci gaba ga kamfanin; Chenming Paper, wanda a halin yanzu yana da ƙarfin samar da jajjagen da takarda sama da tan miliyan 11, ya sami wadatar kai ta hanyar tabbatar da wadatar kai. "Inganci da yawa" na samar da jajjagen, wanda aka ƙara masa da dabarun siye mai sassauƙa, ya ƙara fa'idar farashin kayan masarufi; a lokacin bayar da rahoton, an kammala aikin canza fasaha na jajjagen dalma na Yibin Paper gaba ɗaya kuma an fara aiki da shi, kuma an ƙara yawan samar da jajjagen dalma na shekara-shekara yadda ya kamata.akwatin baklava
Ragewar buƙatun cikin gida da kuma ci gaban kasuwancin ƙasashen waje shi ma wani muhimmin abu ne a masana'antar takarda a bara. Bayanai sun nuna cewa a shekarar 2022, masana'antar takarda za ta fitar da tan miliyan 13.1 na kayan aikin ja, takarda da takarda, wanda ya karu da kashi 40% a shekara; darajar fitar da kayayyaki za ta kai dala biliyan 32.05 na Amurka, karuwar kashi 32.4% a shekara-shekara. Daga cikin kamfanonin da aka lissafa, mafi kyawun aikin da aka yi shi ne Chenming Paper. Kudaden shiga na tallace-tallace na kamfanin a kasuwannin ƙasashen waje a shekarar 2022 zai wuce yuan biliyan 8, karuwar kashi 97.39% a shekara-shekara, wanda ya zarce matakin masana'antu kuma ya kai matsayi mafi girma. Mutumin da ya dace da ke kula da kamfanin ya shaida wa wakilin "Securities Daily" cewa a gefe guda, ya amfana da yanayin waje, kuma a gefe guda kuma, ya amfana da tsarin dabarun kamfanin a ƙasashen waje a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A halin yanzu, kamfanin ya fara kafa hanyar sadarwa ta tallace-tallace ta duniya.
Za a cimma nasarar farfado da ribar masana'antu a hankali
A shekarar 2023, yanayin masana'antar takarda bai inganta ba, kuma duk da cewa nau'ikan takarda daban-daban suna fuskantar yanayi daban-daban a kasuwar da ke ƙasa, gabaɗaya, matsin lambar ba ta ragu ba. Misali, masana'antar takardar marufi kamar allunan akwati da kwalta har yanzu sun faɗa cikin rikicin dogon lokaci a kwata na farko. Lokacin rashin aiki, matsalar raguwar farashi mai ɗorewa.
A lokacin hirar, wasu masu sharhi kan harkokin takarda daga Zhuo Chuang Information sun gabatar wa manema labarai cewa a cikin kwata na farko na wannan shekarar, wadatar kasuwar kwali ta fara karuwa gaba daya, bukatar ta yi kasa da yadda ake tsammani, kuma farashin yana fuskantar matsin lamba. A kwata na biyu, kasuwa za ta shiga lokacin da ba a kammala amfani da kayayyaki a masana'antu ba. Ana sa ran kasuwar za ta ci gaba da raguwa. Har yanzu ana iya cewa cibiyar nauyi za ta ragu; kasuwar kwali ta yi rauni a kwata na farko, kuma sabanin da ke tsakanin wadata da buƙata ya bayyana. Dangane da karuwar yawan takarda da ake shigowa da ita daga kasashen waje, farashin takarda yana fuskantar matsin lamba. A kwata na biyu, masana'antar kwali ta har yanzu tana cikin lokacin da ba a kammala amfani da ita ba na gargajiya.
"A cikin kwata na farko na takardar al'adu, takardar da aka manne sau biyu ta nuna babban ci gaba, galibi saboda raguwar farashin jatan lande, da kuma goyon bayan lokacin da ake buƙata, cibiyar kasuwar jatan lande ta kasance mai ƙarfi da canzawa da sauran abubuwa, amma aikin zamantakewa bai yi daidai ba, kuma cibiyar farashin jatan lande a kwata na biyu. Wataƙila an ɗan sassauta kaɗan." Zhuo Chuang Manazarcin Bayanai Zhang Yan ya shaida wa wakilin "Securities Daily".
Dangane da yanayin kamfanonin da aka lissafa waɗanda suka bayyana rahotanninsu na kwata na farko na 2023, ci gaba da matsalolin da masana'antar ke fuskanta a kwata na farko ya ƙara dagula ribar ribar kamfanin. Misali, Bohui Paper, shugaban takardar farin kaya, ya yi asarar ribar yuan miliyan 497 a kwata na farko na wannan shekarar, raguwar kashi 375.22% idan aka kwatanta da wannan lokacin a 2022; Qifeng New Materials shi ma ya yi asarar ribar yuan miliyan 1.832 a kwata na farko, raguwar shekara-shekara da kashi 108.91%.akwatin kek
A wannan fanni, dalilin da masana'antar da kamfanin suka bayar shi ne har yanzu ƙarancin buƙata da kuma ƙaruwar sabani tsakanin wadata da buƙata. Yayin da hutun "1 ga Mayu" ke gabatowa, "wasan wuta" a kasuwa yana ƙara ƙarfi, amma me yasa babu wani sauyi a masana'antar takarda?
Fan Guiwen, babban manajan Kumera (China) Co., Ltd., ya shaida wa wakilin "Securities Daily" cewa "wutar wuta" mai zafi a cikin kafofin watsa labarai an iyakance ta ne ga yankuna da masana'antu masu iyaka. sannu a hankali ta bunƙasa." "Ya kamata masana'antar ta kasance a matakin narkar da kaya a hannun dillalai. Ana sa ran bayan hutun ranar Mayu, ya kamata a buƙaci ƙarin oda." in ji Fan Guiwen.
Duk da haka, kamfanoni da yawa har yanzu suna da kyakkyawan fata game da ci gaban masana'antar na dogon lokaci. Sun Paper ta ce tattalin arzikin ƙasata a halin yanzu yana murmurewa ta kowane fanni. A matsayinta na muhimmiyar masana'antar albarkatun ƙasa, ana sa ran masana'antar takarda za ta haifar da ci gaba mai ɗorewa wanda ke haifar da farfadowa (farfadowa) na buƙata gaba ɗaya.
A cewar binciken da kamfanin Southwest Securities ya gudanar, ana sa ran bukatar bangaren yin takardu za ta karu a karkashin tsammanin farfado da amfani, wanda zai kara farashin takarda, yayin da raguwar tsammanin farashin jajjagen zai karu a hankali.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-03-2023
