Chitsogozo Chokwanira pa Matumba Olemera a Chakudya: Chitetezo, Kusankha, ndi Kutsatira Malamulo

Matumba akuluakulu a chakudya ndi omwe ali m'mabokosi apadera. Kenako amatha kunyamula ndikusunga chakudya popanda chiopsezo cha majeremusi oopsa. Matumbawa amadziwikanso kuti Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers.

Matumba wamba ndi osiyana. Matumba a zakudya amapangidwa m'mafakitale oyera kwambiri. Izi zimateteza majeremusi ndi dothi kuti lisalowe. Zakudya zanu zimakhala zoyera komanso zotetezeka.

Bukuli likupatsani zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa. Tipereka zipangizo ndi malangizo achitetezo. Muphunzira thumba loyenera kusankha. Tidzakuuzaninso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino.

Chimene ChimapangaChikwama Chambiri"Gawo la Chakudya"?

Kuti thumba lalikulu lizionedwa ngati "loyenera chakudya," liyenera kutsatira malamulo ndi malangizo enaake. Malamulowa amagwiranso ntchito poteteza chakudya. Izi zimachitika kuti zisakhale zoyenera kudyedwa.

Choyamba ndi chakuti matumba awa amagwiritsa ntchito utomoni wa polypropylene wokha, wopanda zinthu zobwezerezedwanso. Chifukwa chomwe zinthu zilizonse zobwezerezedwanso zimaletsedwera ndichakuti pakhoza kukhala tinthu toopsa kuchokera ku zomwe adagwiritsa ntchito kale. Chikwama chogwirira pacifier chimakhala choyera pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zatsopano zokha, zoyera. Izi zikugwirizana ndi FDA CFR 21 177.1520, yomwe imatanthauza kuti mapulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chakudya.

Matumbawa ayenera kupangidwa m'chipinda choyera chovomerezeka ndi CNMI. Chipinda choyera ndi kalata yachikondi. Chimabwera ndi mpweya wosefedwa komanso njira zopewera tizilombo. Pali malamulo okhudza zovala zomwe ogwira ntchito azivala. Izi ndi kupewa zinyalala, uve ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'fakitale. Matumbawa amakhalabe oyera.

Njira zina zimatengedwa panthawi yopanga matumba kuti asawonongeke ndi zinthu zodetsa.

• Kudula kwa Akupanga:Amadula nsalu popanda kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba lakuthwa. Izi zimasungunula m'mbali. Zimaletsa ulusi wotayirira kugwa m'thumba ndi mu chinthu chanu.
• Kutsuka Mpweya:Matumbawo amachotsedwa mu fyuluta pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wothamanga kwambiri kapena vacuum. Amachotsa fumbi ndi fluff mkati mwake. Izi zimachitika thumba lisanadzazidwe.
• Kuzindikira Zitsulo:Matumba amaikidwa mu chipangizo chowunikira chitsulo asanachoke ku dipatimenti yathu. Uku ndi kufufuza komaliza. Kumaonetsetsa kuti palibe zidutswa zazing'ono zachitsulo mkati.

Nthawi zina chikwama cha pulasitiki chimayikidwa mkati mwa matumba akuluakulu a chakudya. Zikwama zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi polyethylene, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chakudya chikhale chotetezeka kwambiri pochiteteza ku mpweya ndi chinyezi.

Kuyika bwino zinthu ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti unyolo wogulitsa ukhale wotetezeka. Mabizinesi ayenera kuyang'ana zosowa zawo zonse zoyika zinthu. Kuwona ntchito zonse za wopereka chithandizo kungathandize. Fufuzani njira zothetsera mavuto apa:https://www.fuliterpaperbox.com/.

Gulu la Chakudya vs.Matumba Okhazikika

Matumba Ochuluka a Chakudya Muyenera kumvetsetsa mfundo zofunika pakati pa matumba olemera a chakudya ndi matumba wamba. Chikwama cholakwika chingakhale chokwera mtengo kwambiri. Chimaika malonda anu pachiwopsezo. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwafotokozedwa mwachidule mu tebulo ili m'munsimu.

Momwe Mungasankhire ChoyeneraChikwama

Kusankha thumba lokwanira la chakudya ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Bukuli lidzakutsogolerani panjira yoyenera. Lidzagwirizana ndi malonda anu ndi njira yanu.

Gawo 1: Unikani Chogulitsa Chanu

Choyamba, ganizirani zomwe mukuyika m'thumba.

• Kuyenda:Kodi chakudya chanu ndi ufa wosalala ngati ufa? Kapena ndi tirigu wokulirapo ngati nyemba? Izi zikuthandizani kusankha mtundu woyenera wa madzi otulutsira m'thumba.
• Kuzindikira:Kodi chinthu chanu chikufunika kutetezedwa ku mpweya kapena chinyezi? Ngati ndi choncho, mudzafunika thumba lokhala ndi nsalu yapadera.
• Kuchulukana:Kodi katundu wanu ndi wolemera bwanji poyerekeza ndi kukula kwake? Kudziwa izi kumakuthandizani kusankha thumba. Limatha kusunga kulemera ndi kuchuluka koyenera bwino. Izi zimatchedwa Safe Working Load (SWL).

Gawo 2: Sankhani Kapangidwe

Kenako, onani momwe thumba limapangidwira.

• Matumba a U-Panelndi olimba. Amasunga mawonekedwe awo bwino akamakwezedwa.
• Matumba ozungulira olukaZilibe mipata ya m'mbali. Izi ndi zabwino pa ufa wosalala kwambiri womwe ungatuluke.
• Matumba a mapanelo anayiAmapangidwa ndi nsalu zinayi. Amasunga mawonekedwe awo bwino.
• Matumba Osokonezaali ndi mapanelo osokedwa mkati. Ma baffle awa amathandiza thumba kukhala lozungulira. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kulongedza ndi kusunga.

Gawo 3: Tchulani Kudzaza ndi Kutulutsa

Ganizirani momwe mudzadzazire ndi kutulutsa matumba.

• Zophimba Zodzaza:Chophimba pamwamba ndi chabwino kwambiri podzaza ndi makina oyera. Chophimba pamwamba chimatseguka kwambiri kuti chikhale chosavuta kunyamula. Chophimba pamwamba chotseguka chilibe bolodi lapamwamba konse.
• Mabotolo Otulutsa Madzi:Chopopera pansi chimakupatsani mwayi wowongolera momwe chinthucho chimatulukira mwachangu. Pansi wamba ndi pa matumba ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi. Izi zidzadulidwa.

Gawo 4: Ganizirani za Makampani Anu

Magawo osiyanasiyana ali ndi zosowa zapadera. Fufuzani mayankho opangidwa ndi anthu osiyanasiyanandi makampanikuti mumvetse zofunikira zenizeni za gawo lanu.

Malangizo a Akatswiri:"Chikwama chokhazikika, chomwe sichinagwiritsidwe ntchito pa shelufu sichingakwaniritse zosowa zanu zapadera. Musalole kuti izi zichitike molakwika. Gwirani ntchito ndi wogulitsa payankho lapadera. Akhoza kupanga thumba lokhala ndi miyeso ndi mawonekedwe enieni omwe mukufuna. Akhoza kuwonjezera zofunikira za liner zomwe zimafunikira kuti zigwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti zikhale zotetezeka.

Kumvetsetsa Ziphaso

Zikalata zotsimikizira zimasonyeza kuti thumba likukwaniritsa miyezo yokhwima ya chitetezo. Mapepala awa akutsimikizira mfundo yofunika. Fakitale, osati thumba lokha, ili ndi malamulo okhwima okhudza chitetezo cha chakudya.

Ziphaso zapamwamba kwambiri zimaonedwa kuti ndizovomerezeka ndi Global Food Safety Initiative (GFSI). GFSI imadziwika ngati muyezo wapadziko lonse wa chitetezo cha chakudya. Chizindikiro chovomerezedwa ndi GFSI chikawonekera, mukudziwa zinazake. Bungweli lavomereza kafukufuku wokhwima.

Nazi miyezo yayikulu ya FIBCs ya mtundu wa chakudya:

• BRCGS:Muyezo uwu umayang'ana ubwino ndi chitetezo. Umawunika momwe fakitale imagwirira ntchito. Umaonetsetsa kuti wopangayo akukwaniritsa malamulo a boma. Umateteza munthu amene akugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chomaliza.
• FSSC 22000:Dongosololi limapereka dongosolo lomveka bwino. Limathandiza kuyang'anira ntchito zoteteza chakudya. Limatsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi.
• AIB International:Gulu ili limayang'ana mafakitale. Amaonetsetsa kuti mafakitale akukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba yopanga zinthu zotetezeka ku chakudya.

Nthawi zonse funsani umboni wa satifiketi kuchokera kwa ogulitsa anu.ogulitsa odziwika bwino monga National Bulk Bagperekani izi. Izi zikusonyeza kudzipereka kwawo pa chitetezo.

Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zogwiritsira Ntchito ndi Kusunga

Kugula thumba lokwanira la chakudya ndi gawo loyamba lokha. Muyeneranso kuligwira ndikulisunga bwino. Izi zimateteza katundu wanu.

1. Yang'anani Musanagwiritse Ntchito.Musanadzaze thumba, yang'anani. Yang'anani mabowo, ming'alu, kapena dothi lililonse lochokera ku katundu wotumizidwa. Musagwiritse ntchito thumba lowonongeka ngati chakudya.
2. Gwiritsani Ntchito Malo Oyera.Dzazani matumba ndipo tulutsani m'matumba oyera. Sungani kutali ndi zitseko zotseguka ndi fumbi. Sungani kutali ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingalowe m'chakudya.
3. Kwezani Moyenera.Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito malupu onse okweza omwe ali pa thumba. Musanyamule thumba pogwiritsa ntchito malupu amodzi kapena awiri okha. Nyamulani bwino. Pewani kugwedezeka mwadzidzidzi.
4. Sungani Motetezeka.Sungani matumba odzazidwa pa ma pallet pamalo oyera komanso ouma. Onetsetsani kuti m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu mulibe tizilombo. Musamange matumba pokhapokha ngati apangidwa kuti azikulungidwa.
5. Tulutsani Mosamala.Gwiritsani ntchito malo oyera otulutsira matumba. Izi zimathandiza kuti zinthu zanu zisasakanikirane ndi zinthu zina.

Kapangidwe ka chikwama chanu kangakhudze momwe mumachigwirira ntchito. Kuphunzira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matumba a chakudya chochulukakungakuthandizeni kukonza njira yanu.

Kugwirizana ndi Wopereka Woyenera

Kusankha mnzanu woyenera n'kofunika mofanana ndi kusankha thumba loyenera. Wogulitsa wabwino amaonetsetsa kuti mumapeza matumba olemera otetezeka komanso odalirika nthawi zonse.

Nazi mafunso ena oti mufunse wogulitsa amene angakhalepo:

• Kodi mungandiwonetse satifiketi yanu yodziwika bwino ya GFSI?
• Kodi mumatsatira bwanji zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matumba anu?
• Kodi mumachita macheke a khalidwe nthawi zonse? Kodi mumapereka malipoti?
• Kodi ndingapeze thumba lachitsanzo kuti ndiyesere ndi zinthu zanga ndi zida zanga?

Wogulitsa wabwino ndi mnzanu. Amakuthandizani ndi zosowa zanu zolongedza. Yang'anani opereka chithandizo omwe amapereka njira zambiri. Pezani omwe ali ndimitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotengera zokulirapo zapakatikati zosinthika (matumba a FIBC).Angakupatseni upangiri wa akatswiri.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri: Mafunso Anu Ayankhidwa

Nazi mayankho a mafunso omwe anthu ambiri amafunsa okhudza matumba akuluakulu a chakudya.

1. Kodi chakudya chili ndi kalasi yotani?matumba akuluakuluingagwiritsidwenso ntchito?

Ma FIBC ambiri a mtundu wa chakudya ndi matumba ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha. Izi zimapewa chiopsezo chilichonse. Majeremusi kapena zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ziwengo za chinthu chimodzi sizingalowe m'chinthu china. Pali matumba ena oyenda maulendo angapo. Koma kupeza njira zatsopano zowagwiritsiranso ntchito pa chakudya n'kovuta. Ndipo kubwezeretsa, kuyeretsa kenako kutsimikiziranso matumbawo kumafuna njira yapadera. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodula kwambiri.

2. Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma FIBC a mtundu wa chakudya?

Kodi matumba osiyanasiyana a chakudya amapangidwa ndi chiyani? Pulasitiki iyi ndi yolimba komanso yosinthasintha. FDA imavomereza kuti ikhudze chakudya. Mapepala ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu thumba, ngati alipo, ayenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zatsopano zokhudza chakudya.

3. Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito muyezochikwama chachikulundi choyikapo chakudya chapamwamba?

Iyi si lingaliro labwino. Chovala chamkati chimawonjezera chotchinga. Koma thumba lakunja silinapangidwe pamalo aukhondo. Dothi kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera ku thumba wamba zimatha kusakanikirana ndi chinthu chanu. Izi zimachitika mukadzaza kapena kutulutsa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chinthucho chikhale chosatetezeka.

4. Ndingadziwe bwanji ngatichikwama chachikuluKodi chakudya chili ndi kalasi yeniyeni?

Pemphani zikalata nthawi zonse kuchokera kwa wogulitsa. Wopanga wabwino adzakupatsani pepala. Adzanena kuti thumbalo lapangidwa ndi zinthu 100% zomwe sizinali zachikale. Ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, adzakuwonetsani satifiketi yomwe ilipo. (Pali unyolo wosunga izi kuchokera ku bungwe lodziwika bwino la GFSI, monga BRCGS kapena FSSC 22000.) Si kampani yomwe idapanga thumbalo.

5. Kodi matumba awa ndi abwinonso pa zinthu zogulitsa mankhwala?

Inde, nthawi zambiri ogula m'makampani amatha kudalira miyezo yoyera ya matumba ambiri azinthu za chakudya pazinthu zambiri zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga mankhwala. Koma mankhwala ena ali ndi malamulo okhwima kwambiri. Mapaketi osavuta, ngati mukulongedza zomwe zili nazo, muyenera kuyang'ana china chake. Onetsetsani kuti malo osungiramo zinthu akugwirizana ndi miyezo yonse ya mankhwala. Izi zitha kukhala zolemetsa kuposa chakudya.