abatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki mu Bushinwa

Muri iki gihe, amakarito akoreshwa mu nzego zose z'ubuzima, kandi inganda zitandukanye zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye ku bunini. Uko uruganda cyangwa inganda zikora kose byaba biri kose, hakenewe amakarito menshi kugira ngo hahindurwe ibicuruzwa buri mwaka.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina.Kugira ngo habeho umwimerere n'ubumuntu mu gushushanya amapaki, amashusho ni uburyo bw'ingenzi cyane bwo kugaragaza. Agira uruhare rw'umucuruzi, akageza ibiri muri ayo mapaki ku baguzi binyuze mu miterere y'amashusho, kandi akagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mashusho. Bishobora gukurura ibitekerezo by'abaguzi no gutera icyifuzo cyo kugura.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Ibishushanyo byo gupfunyika bishobora gushyirwa mu moko atatu: amashusho ya beto, amashusho ya semi-beto n'amashusho arambuye. Bifitanye isano rya hafi n'ibiri mu gupfunyika, ku buryo imiterere y'ibicuruzwa ishobora gukwirakwizwa neza. Bitabaye ibyo, nta gisobanuro bizaba bifite kandi ntibishobora guhuzwa n'abantu. Kubona ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kandi utiteze ko kizagira ingaruka bizaba ari ukunanirwa gukomeye k'uwakoze gupfunyika. Muri rusange, niba ibicuruzwa bifite imiterere y'umubiri, nko kurya no kunywa, icyo gihe hazibandwa cyane ku ikoreshwa ry'amashusho ya beto; niba ibicuruzwa bifite imitekerereze idasanzwe, hazakoreshwa amashusho menshi arambuye cyangwa arambuye.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Ibishushanyo mbonera byo gupakira bifitanye isano n'abantu bireba, cyane cyane abari munsi y'imyaka 30. Mu gushushanya ibishushanyo mbonera byo gupakira ibicuruzwa, ugomba kubyitondera neza kugira ngo ibishushanyo mbonera byakozwe byo gupakira bishobore kumenyekana n'intego ikurura abantu kandi bigere ku ntego yo gukenera.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina. Gutunganya ibicuruzwa bishobora gufasha abaguzi gusobanukirwa neza ibiri muri paki kugira ngo bigire ingaruka nziza ku buryo bugaragara n'ingaruka bifuza, akenshi hakoreshejwe amashusho ashushanya cyangwa amashusho afatika y'amafoto. Urugero, mu ipaki y'ibiribwa, kugira ngo hagaragazwe uburyohe bw'ibiryo, amafoto y'ibiryo akunze gucapwa ku ipaki y'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo abaguzi barusheho kubona neza ibyo bakeneye no gutuma bifuza kugura.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,"Amashusho n'amarangamutima akora ku mutima" bivuze ko ibintu bibyutsa ubunararibonye n'ibitekerezo n'amarangamutima bisa mu buzima. Bikoresha amarangamutima nk'uburyo bwo kuva ku kintu kimwe ujya ku kindi, kuva ku kugaragara k'ikintu kimwe ukagera ku kugaragara k'ikindi kintu. Muri rusange, bishingiye ahanini ku miterere y'igicuruzwa, ingaruka z'igicuruzwa nyuma yo gukoreshwa, ibisigaye n'uko gikoreshwa, imiterere y'igicuruzwa n'ibiri mu ipaki, inkomoko y'igicuruzwa, inkuru n'amateka y'igicuruzwa, imiterere y'aho cyaturutse n'imico y'igihugu. Gushushanya amashusho yo gupakira kugira ngo asobanure icyo igicuruzwa gisobanura, kugira ngo abantu bashobore gutekereza ku bikubiye mu ipaki nyuma yo kureba amashusho.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Imiterere myiza y'amapaki ituma abantu bayakunda, bakayashima, kandi bagatuma abantu bashaka kuyagura. Iki kintu gituma abantu bayakunda ni ingaruka z'ikigereranyo zituruka ku mapaki. Akamaro k'ibimenyetso ni ukugira icyo bitanga. Nubwo bitagaragaza ibitekerezo mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa budasanzwe, imikorere y'ibitekerezo irakomeye kandi rimwe na rimwe irenze isura ifatika. Urugero, mu miterere y'amapaki ya kawa, ifoto ipfuka ishyushye igaragaza impumuro nziza ya kawa. Igaragaza kandi ko abasore n'inkumi ari ibinyobwa by'ingenzi mu mibanire y'urukundo n'amatariki, kugira ngo bakurure abaguzi.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Ibihugu bitandukanye bifite ibyo bikunda n'ibyo bitavugwaho rumwe ku mashusho yo gupakira: Ibihugu bya Kiyisilamu bibuza amashusho y'ingurube, inyenyeri zifite impande esheshatu, imisaraba, imibiri y'abantu b'abagore, n'ibikumwe hejuru nk'amashusho yo gupakira, kandi nk'inyenyeri zifite impande eshanu n'amashusho y'ukwezi; Abayapani bizera ko indabyo za lotus ari mbi, imbwebwe ni inyaryenge kandi irarikiye, kandi igishushanyo cya chrysanthemum gifite amababi cumi n'atandatu gikoreshwa ku gatambaro k'ubwami bw'Abayapani ntikibereye gupakira. Bakunda imiterere y'uruziga n'indabyo za cherry; Abongereza bagereranya ihene n'abagabo batita ku mategeko, kandi bafata isake nk'ibintu biteye isoni, inzovu ntacyo zimaze kandi zirakaza, kandi ntizishobora gukoreshwa nk'amashusho yo gupakira, ariko amashusho y'ingabo n'ibiti by'igiti ni byo bikundwa; Singapuru izwi ku isi yose nk'Umujyi w'Intare kandi ikunda amashusho y'intare; amashusho y'imbwa akomoka muri Tayilande, Afuganisitani, Ni kirazira mu bihugu bya Kiyisilamu muri Afurika y'Amajyaruguru; Abafaransa bemera ko walnuts ari mbi, kandi imiterere y'amasasu ni ikimenyetso cy'icyunamo; Abanya-Nikaragwa n'Abanyakoreya bemera ko mpandeshatu ari mbi, kandi izi ntizishobora gukoreshwa nk'amashusho yo gupakira; bamwe mu bantu bo muri Hong Kong bafata inkoko nk'ijambo rifitanye isano n'indaya. Kubwibyo, ntabwo bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gushushanya amapaki yo kuryamaho.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina, Bitandukanye n'impapuro, ikarito ikozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mbere bwo gutunganya impapuro zikozwe mu buryo bwa "corrugated", hanyuma hagakoreshwa kole kugira ngo ifatanye ubuso n'urwego rwo hagati rwa "corrugated" ku mpande zombi, ku buryo urwego rwo hagati rwa karito rufite imiterere y'ubusamo. Ifite imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera, no kuramba. Ingufu zo gucikamo uduce duto, nibindi. Bitewe n'imiterere yayo yihariye, ubu ikoreshwa cyane mu gupakira ibicuruzwa, kandi gucapa ku mpapuro zikozwe mu buryo butaziguye byabaye uburyo bukoreshwa cyane mu gucapa udusanduku two gupakira.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Mu myaka ya vuba aha, cyane cyane mu Burayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ikarito ntoya cyane kandi ikomeye cyane ya corrugated cardboard yigaruriye amasoko menshi y’ikarito ya corrugated, kuko ifite imiterere myiza cyane n’imiterere myiza yo gucapa nk’ikarito ya corrugated cardboard n’ikarito nini. Ugereranyije n’ikarito ntoya gakondo, ifite imiterere ikomeye, imbaraga zikomeye zo gufunga, ubushobozi bworoshye bwo kuzigama ibikoresho, uburemere bworoheje, n’ingaruka nziza zo gucapa. Ugereranyije n’ikarito gakondo ya corrugated cardboard, ikarito ya corrugated ifite imiterere nk’iy’imiringi mito, gukomera cyane, imiterere nto, ikomeye kandi irambuye, yoroheje kandi yoroheje, idashobora gukanda neza, kandi ishobora gucapwa mu buryo butaziguye ukoresheje imashini icapa ya offset. Mu bihe byashize, yacapwaga gusa ku mapine ya flexographic. Uburyo bwo gukora icapwa ry’imashini icapa no gukora icapwa mbere hanyuma ikabushyira ku imashini icapa ya offset byoroshya uburyo, bigabanya uruziga rw’umusaruro, kandi bikongera imikorere myiza.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Udupapuro duto dukoreshwa cyane turimo ubwoko bwa F (0.75mm), ubwoko bwa G (0.5mm), ubwoko bwa N (0.46mm), ubwoko bwa O (0.3mm), n'ibindi, byose bigizwe n'ibice bitatu, ari byo impapuro zo hejuru, impapuro zo hagati n'impapuro zo hasi. Muri icyo gihe, ikarito ifite udupira duto ifite ibi bikurikira:

(1)Ikomeye cyane, ishobora kongera imikorere y'uburinzi bw'umusaruro, kandi irusha imbaraga 40% ikarita nini;

(2)Uburemere bworoheje, 40% byoroshye kurusha ikarito nini, na 20% byoroshye kurusha ikarito ifite corrugated %;

(3)Ubuso buroroshye, imiterere myiza, amabara meza, n'ishusho ikomeye.

 

1. Ihame ryo gucapa ku buryo bwa offset n'ibisabwa mu gucapa ku makarito ya corrugated

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Muri iki gihe, uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa mu gucapa amakarito ya corrugated harimo gucapa amakarito ya flexographic, gucapa gravure no gucapa impapuro zo hejuru hanyuma bigacapa lamination. Muri byo, gucapa flexographic ni byo bikunze gukoreshwa cyane, ariko uburyo bwo gucapa ntabwo buri hejuru cyane. Muri rusange, ishobora gucapa amakarito make gusa, mu gihe gucapa gravure no gucapa offset byombi ari inzira zo gucapa mbere, ni ukuvuga gucapa irangi mbere hanyuma ugacapa. Nubwo uburyo bwo gufatanya bushobora kugera ku bwiza bwiza, inzira iragoye kandi ikiguzi ni kinini. Kubwibyo, gucapa offset kuri corrugated card ni inzira nshya ikurikiranwa n'inganda zipakira n'icapiro. KBA Rapida 105 na Manroland 700 na 900 ubu zishobora gucapa offset ku ikarito ya micro-corrugated, kandi ubwiza bwo gucapa bushobora kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane.

 

Cabatanga amasanduku yo gupakira amatariki ya Hina,Gucapa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa offset bikoresha itegeko karemano ryo kudatandukanya amavuta n'amazi. Ku isahani icapa iri hafi ku murongo umwe, ibice by'amashusho n'inyandiko byinjiza wino gusa, naho igice kirimo ubusa cyinjiza amazi gusa. Wino y'amashusho n'inyandiko yimurirwa ku butaka binyuze mu gitambaro. Bitewe n'ubushobozi bwo kugarura amashusho no kongera gukora amabara, gucapa hakoreshejwe offset ubu ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane kandi bugezweho mu by'ikoranabuhanga. Kuri ubu, bugizwe n'ibirenga 50% by'icapiro ryose mu Bushinwa, cyane cyane icapiro ry'impapuro. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hamwe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'icapiro ryo gupakira, icapiro rya flexographic, icapiro rya gravure, n'icapiro rya ecran byateye imbere cyane, mu gihe iterambere n'umubare w'icapiro rya offset byagabanutse.

 

Kuri ubu, bitewe n'iterambere riri mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gucapa ku mpapuro za micro-corrugated, inzira yo gucapa ku zindi izasubukurwa. Mu rwego rw'udusanduku twa fibre cards gakondo, nka divayi, ibikoresho bito, inkweto, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, mudasobwa, porogaramu za mudasobwa, amatangazo yo kugurisha, ibiryo byihuse, nibindi, icapiro rya offset ryatangiye guhangana n'izindi nganda bitewe n'ubwiza bwaryo bwo gucapa. Ikarito ya corrugated isanzwe irahatanira isoko.

 

Ariko, umuti w’amazi ukoreshwa mu gucapa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa offset (umuti w’amazi ukoreshwa cyane cyane kugira ngo igice cy’icyapa cy’icapiro gikomeze gusukurwa, kandi igice cy’ingenzi cy’umuti w’amazi ni amazi), ibyo bigatuma inzira yo gucapa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa offset igorana cyane. Kuvanga wino n’amazi bizatuma wino ikoreshwa mu gusya amazi, bigatuma impapuro zifata amazi, zihinduka, kandi zigahindura imbaraga zayo, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku ibara, ubukana, n’imikorere y’umuti w’amazi. Kubwibyo, kugenzura uburinganire bw’iwino biba ingenzi cyane. Iyo amazi menshi cyane, wino izaba yahinduwe cyane, kumisha bizagabanuka, kandi ibara rizarushaho kuba ryoroheje. By’umwihariko, ikarito ya corrugated izafata amazi menshi, bizagabanya imbaraga zo gukanda n’ubuso, ndetse bishobora no gutuma ivumburwa n’umuvuduko w’icapiro.

 

Uko ingano y'ikarito yiyongera, imiterere y'impapuro zo hejuru n'impapuro z'imbere ntibihuza, bigatuma uburyo bwo gucapa burushaho kuba bubi. Kubwibyo, kugenzura ingano y'amazi yo gucapa ikarito ya corrugated direct offset birakomeye kurusha uko bikoreshwa mu gucapa impapuro zisanzwe. Kandi niba ingano ya wino ari nini cyane, hazabaho ibibazo nko kwaguka kw'utudomo, guhuza urwego, no gusiga irangi. Kubwibyo, uburinganire bw'iwino n'iwino bugomba kugenzurwa mu gihe cyo gucapa, cyane cyane ingano y'amazi.

 

Gucapa ku rupapuro rwa corrugated direct offset bisaba uburemere bworoshye kurusha impapuro zisanzwe mu bijyanye no kugenzura umuvuduko. Kubera ko corrugated corrugated corrugated card idafite ububobere, iyo umuvuduko uri hejuru cyane, hazabaho amakosa nko kwaguka kw'utudomo no guhuza urwego. Muri icyo gihe, hazabaho ikintu cya "washing board", kandi mu bihe bikomeye, hazabaho gusya. Kubwibyo, kugenzura umuvuduko bigomba kuba bisobanutse neza.

 

Bitewe n'imiterere yihariye n'ibisabwa byihariye ku ikarito ikozwe muri kontineri, ubu bwoko bw'imashini icapa muri rusange ikoresha igitambaro cyihariye cya kabutike gifite ubushobozi bwo gukanda neza no gukomera runaka, kugira ngo ubushobozi butandukanye bwo gukanda bushobore kwishyurwa binyuze mu gukandagira kw'igitambaro.

 

2. Ingaruka zo gucapa ku buryo bwa offset ku icapiro rya corrugated cardboard

 

(1) Ingaruka ku mbaraga z'urubaho rwa corrugated

 

Igitutu kinini cy’imashini icapa ku buryo butambitse kizagabanya imbaraga zo gukandagirana kw’ikariti ikozwe mu buryo bwa corrugated card; gukoresha umuti wo mu mazi bizagabanya imbaraga zo gukandagirana kw’ikariti ikozwe mu buryo bwa corrugated cardboard bitewe n’uko amazi yinjira.

 

(2) Ikintu cya "Icyicaro cyo kumesa"

 

Ikibazo cy’ubuziranenge bw’imashini yo kumesa ni cyo kibazo gikunze kugaragara cyane mu gucapa amakarito afite corrugate. Iki kibazo gishobora kubaho iyo umuvuduko n’ingano y’inyi bidashobora kugenzurwa neza mu gihe cyo gucapa.

 

(3) Kutagera ku buringanire bw'iwino n'iwino

 

Mu icapiro rya offset, ingaruka nini ku bwiza ni uburinganire bwa wino n'iy'inka. By'umwihariko, amazi menshi agira ingaruka zikomeye ku kibaho gito cya korrugated.

 

(4) Ubushyuhe n'uburemere bw'amazi yo mu isoko

 

Iyo aside ikomeye cyane, izagabanya umuvuduko w’umuvuduko w’umuvuduko w’umucapiro kandi ikangiza icyuma gicapira; iyo aside ari nke cyane, ntabwo izashobora gukora urwego rurinda amazi ku gice cy’ahatari cy’icyuma gicapira.

 

(5) Imikorere y'igitambaro cya rubber

 

Imiterere y'igitambaro irimo imiterere y'ubuso n'imiterere y'ihindagurika ry'ubuso. Imiterere y'ubuso ni garanti yo kwinjiza wino no kuyimura, mu gihe imiterere y'ihindagurika ry'ubuso ari yo shingiro ryo kubona amashusho meza ku kibaho cya corrugated.

 

Icapiro rya micro-corrugated printing direct offset printing ni inzira nshya yo gucapa imaze kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane mu bijyanye n'ingaruka zo gucapa no gucapa. Muri make igereranywa n'ubwiza bw'impapuro. Izaba agasanduku n'ikato bikozwe mu buryo bwa corrugated. Impapuro, amahitamo ya mbere yo gupakira, ishobora kuzana inyungu nini mu bukungu ku bigo bipakira no gucapa, kandi ni imwe mu nzira nyamukuru zo guteza imbere icapiro rya offset mu gihe kizaza. Ibi byongeye kuzana urumuri rwiza mu iterambere ry'icapiro rya offset.