T y'akatarabonekauruffleShokora PgufungaN'Itegeko ryo Gupakira mu mahanga
Shokora ya truffle yahimbwe n'Umufaransa Louis Dufour mu 1895. Iyi shokora yoroheje yamenyekanye cyane ikimara gusohoka. Muri iki gihe, abakora shokora bazwi cyane ku isi cyangwa amaduka acuruza shokora yakozwe n'intoki bakora shokora zabo bwite, akenshi batumira abatetsi ba shokora gukora shokora zidasanzwe mu birori byo kwibuka.
Kuki yitwa shokora truffleibikoresho byo gupakira truffle mu BwongerezaKubera ko isa neza n'ifi iherutse gucukurwa ipfunyitse mu butaka; uburyohe bwayo buraryoshye kandi irashonga mu kanwa, nk'ifi isanzwe.
"Tshokola ya truffle" isanzwe ntabwo irimo ibihumyo bya truffle mu bintu byayo, ariko igice cyo hanze cyayo gifite ifu ya kakao. Bitandukanye n'ibyo bita shokola ya truffle, shokola yacu irimo ibihumyo nyabyo, bitumizwa mu mahanga bivuye muri Seribiya. Ukurikije uko igaragara, urashobora kubona ibihumyo byumukara byumye binyanyagiye ku gice cyose cya shokola. Bikozwe mu mavuta ya kakao, umusaruro karemano w'imbuto za kakao, bifite aside irike idasembuye kandi uburyohe bwiza. Ruma mu gishishwa cya shokola ikaranze gato, kandi munsi y'iki gishishwa gikomeye hari shokola yoroshye ivanze na crème yoroshye n'uburyohe bw'ibihumyo. Ibisobanuro byose uretse gufunga amaso no kuyishimira ni byinshi. Little Truffle Knowledge Truffle "Truffle" ni ibihumyo bikura buri mwaka ahanini ku mizi y'ibiti bifite amababi manini. Ingano yayo ntaho ihuriye n'imyaka yayo kandi ivuka gusa bitewe n'impinduka z'ibihe.
Nk'igihumyo,ibikoresho byo gupakira truffle mu Bwongerezazikungahaye kuri poroteyine na aside amine. Kubwibyo, Abanyaburayi bashyira truffles, caviar na foie gras mu "biryohe bitatu biryoshye cyane ku isi". Truffles zifite ibisabwa bikomeye ku bidukikije, bigatuma ziba nke kandi zihenze.
Kuki truffles ari iz'agaciro gakomeye?
1. Ingano y'intungamubiri nyinshi:Ifi y'umukara ikungahaye kuri poroteyine, ubwoko 18 bwa aside amine, aside ibinure bitarazura, vitamine nyinshi, zinc, manganese, feri, kalisiyumu, fosifore na selenium n'ibindi bintu by'ingenzi.
2. Umusaruro udasanzwe:Imbuto za Truffle zikura mu buryo busanzwe ku mizi y'ibiti. Hari ibintu byinshi bitazwi mu mikurire yazo. Igihe cyose habayeho impinduka nto mu zuba, amazi, cyangwa pH y'ubutaka, ntabwo zizakura.
3. Ntibishobora guhingwa mu buryo bw'ubukorano:Truffle ntizishobora "guhingwa". Kugeza ubu, nta buryo bwo guhinga bukozwe mu buryo bw'ubukorano bwabonetse, bityo umusaruro ntuhindagurika.
4. Guhiga bifata igihe kinini kandi bisaba imbaraga nyinshi:Buri truffle iboneka imwe imwe n'imbwa cyangwa ingurube, ibyo bikaba bifata igihe kinini kandi bisaba imbaraga nyinshi. Nshuti mukunda ibintu biryoshye ariko mutigeze mubona impumuro yihariye ya truffle ariko mugaterwa ubwoba n'igiciro kiri hejuru cya truffle, mushobora kugerageza!
Iyo duhinduye uburyo bwo gupakira ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, uretse gusuzuma ibintu nk'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, kwamamaza no gutwara, tugomba no kumenya amabwiriza atandukanye agenga gupakira ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi iyo duhindura amasanduku yo gupakira.
Ubu, umwanditsi mukuru azamenyekanisha amategeko agenga gupakira ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bitandukanye:
1.Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Nouvelle-Zélande, Kanada n'ibindi bihugu bibuza ikoreshwa ry'ibyatsi nk'ibikoresho byo gupfunyika kugira ngo birinde ko indwara zimwe na zimwe z'ibimera n'udukoko twangiza ibidukikije ndetse no kwangiza ibidukikije by'igihugu;
2.Irani, Arabiya Sawudite (SA) n'ibindi bihugu bivuga ko ibicuruzwa byinjijwe mu mahangaibikoresho byo gupakira truffle mu Bwongereza ibicuruzwa bigomba gupfunyikwa mu buryo bwo gutwara ibintu mu makontena, bitabaye ibyo, gutumiza no gupakurura ibicuruzwa ntibyemewe;
3.Arab ivuga ko igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyenyeri esheshatu kibujijwe mu gupakira ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Abarabu barasembwa cyane kandi barazira ibintu bifite igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyenyeri esheshatu. Ibi bigomba kwirindwa mu gihe cyo guhindura amasanduku yo gupakira.
4.Abanyaburayi benshi bakunda injangwe z'umukara, usibye Ababiligi bafata injangwe nk'izidafite amahirwe.
5.Libiya ibuza ikoreshwa ry'imiterere y'ingurube n'imiterere y'imibiri y'ingore ku bicuruzwa byinjijwe mu mahanga.
6.Ibiro by’Ubuhinzi byo mu Karere ka Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Uburobyi muri Nouvelle-Zélande bivuga ko ibikoresho bikurikira bibujijwe cyane gupakira ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga: ubutaka, marl, ibyatsi, ibyatsi, ibyatsi by’ingano, amasaka cyangwa ibinyampeke, moss, amasashe ashaje n’ibindi bikoresho by’imyanda.
7.Minisiteri y’Ubuzima n’Imiturire ya Filipine ivuga ko ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bibujijwe gupakirwa mu mashashi, mu mashashi, mu byatsi, mu matike n’ibindi bikoresho.
8.Abafaransa bafata amabara meza nk'ubwiza kandi barakunzwe cyane. Abafaransa bafata amafarashi nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubutwari. Abafaransa birinda walnuts, banga icyatsi kibisi cyijimye, birinda gukoresha imiterere y'amapade, kandi birinda gukoresha chrysanthemums ku birango by'ubucuruzi. Ubufaransa bufata peacocks nk'inyoni mbi kandi ni ikizira ku nyoni n'ingurube. Ntibikwiye gukoreshwa nk'ikirango cy'ubucuruzi mu gihe cyo guhindura amapaki.
9.Birabujijwe gukoresha amashusho ku birango by'ubucuruzi by'Abongereza. Abongereza birinda gukoresha inzovu n'ihene, ariko bakunda injangwe z'umweru. Kimwe n'Abafaransa, Abongereza nabo bafata imparage nk'inyoni mbi kandi ntibagomba gukoreshwa nk'irango ry'ubucuruzi, ahubwo bafata amafarashi nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubutwari.
10.Abasuwisi barazira ibihunyira.
11.Abanya-Danemark bafata umutuku, umweru n'ubururu nk'amabara meza cyane.
12.Abataliyani bafata ibara ry'umuhengeri nk'ibara ribi. Bakunda gukoresha amabara yoroheje mu myenda, mu kwisiga no mu gupfunyika neza, kandi bakunda amabara meza mu biribwa no mu bikinisho.
13.Birabujijwe gushyira ikimenyetso ku bicuruzwa no mu mapaki byakorewe mu Budage ku bimenyetso bisa n'iby'Abanazi n'Abasirikare b'Abalejiyo.
14.Abaholandi bafata ibara ry'umuhondo nk'ibara ryiza, naho ibara ry'umuhondo n'ubururu bikaba ari amabara y'igihugu. Abaholandi nabo bakunda amabara ya tulips.
15.Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Kanada, Ositaraliya, Nouvelle-Zélande, Brezili, n'ibihugu 15 by'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi byagiye bitanga amabwiriza kuva mu 1998, asaba ko amapaki y'ibiti ava mu Bushinwa atumizwa hamwe n'icyemezo cyatanzwe n'Ikigo cy'Ubushinwa gishinzwe kugenzura no gushyira mu kato kugira ngo cyemeze ko amapaki y'ibiti ari Ibintu byavuwe ubushyuhe, byasizwe imiti cyangwa birwanya ingese, cyangwa uwatanze icyemezo cy'uko nta mapaki y'ibiti ashobora gutumizwa mu mahanga. Iyo hari ibicuruzwa birenze amabwiriza, ipaki yose izabuzwa kwinjira, cyangwa amapaki y'ibiti azakurwaho kandi agasenywa hakurikijwe amategeko yemewe. Amasosiyete agomba kwitondera iyo ahindura amasanduku yo gupakira ibicuruzwa.
16.Uretse amategeko agenga gupakira mu bihugu by'amahanga, bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'iterambere ry'ubukungu mu bihugu bitandukanye, hari ibisabwa bitandukanye ku bwiza bw'ibipfunyika. Ubwiza bw'ibipfunyika buzanatera inyungu n'igihombo mu bucuruzi. Urugero, ubwo matsutake y'ibicuruzwa byinshi yoherezwaga na Yunnan buri mwaka (ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byageraga kuri toni zirenga 1.200 mu 2001) yoherezwaga mu Buyapani mu myaka ya 1980, bitewe n'ubwiza bubi bw'amasanduku yo gupakira mu gihugu cyacu, ku busabe bw'abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga, amakarito yakoreshwaga mu kohereza matsutake yagombaga gusimbuzwa. Mu gihe cyo kugura mu mahanga, inganda nyinshi zo mu gihugu imbere zishobora kureba gusa amafaranga yinjira mu mifuka y'abanyamahanga.ibikoresho byo gupakira truffle mu BwongerezaAbakora amapaki y’ibicuruzwa ntacyo bamaze. Binyuze mu bikorwa bihoraho no kunoza ibikorwa by’ibigo bipakira ibicuruzwa muri iyo ntara, amapaki y’ibicuruzwa akorerwa i Yunnan yasimbuye burundu amapaki y’ibicuruzwa byo mu mahanga mu myaka ya vuba aha. Inganda nyinshi zipakira ibicuruzwa muri iyo ntara zungutse byinshi mu gukora amapaki y’ibicuruzwa buri mwaka. Ni "amazi meza ntagera mu mirima y’abanyamahanga". Kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byacu bishobore kwinjira mu masoko y’ibihugu bitandukanye neza, amasosiyete yose agomba gusobanukirwa ibyo buri gihugu gikeneye mu gupakira ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, no gushushanya no guhitamo ibikoresho bipakira hakurikijwe ibisabwa, kugira ngo ibicuruzwa byabo bishobore kwinjira ku isoko mpuzamahanga neza.
17.Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, udusanduku two gupakira impano tuboneka ahantu hose, kandi ubuzima ntibutandukanywa n'udusanduku two gupakira. Ubushinwa busanzwe bwita cyane ku bintu bitatu bikurikira iyo buhindura udusanduku two gupakira impano:
(1)Isura nziza. Buri wese akunda ubwiza kandi ntashobora kubushyira hasi kubera ibintu byiza. Hari n'ababigura kubera gusa ipaki nziza. Shyira ibintu.
(2)Agasanduku keza gafite ishusho y'impano gafite ishusho y'agasanduku gashobora gushushanya igipfukisho cy'ikirere n'ubutaka n'agasanduku gafite ishusho y'igitabo kugira ngo hamenyekane ibicuruzwa, bityo bikongera igurishwa ry'ibicuruzwa.
(3)Kurengera ibidukikije ku cyatsi Muri iki gihe cyo gushyigikira kurengera ibidukikije ku cyatsi, hari ibisabwa bishya ku bikoresho bikoreshwa mu dusanduku tw’impano twagenewe.
Gukoresha ibikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije mu kugabanya ihumana ry’ibidukikije bizatuma abantu bose barushaho kubikundaibikoresho byo gupakira truffle mu Bwongerezaagasanduku ko gupakira impano.
Amakuru 1. Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko yo gupakira muri Otirishiya ni ingenzi
Guhera ku ya 1 Mutarama 2023, amabwiriza agenga gupakira muri Otirishiya azashyirwa mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro. Amategeko agenga gupakira muri Otirishiya afite intego zimwe n'amategeko agenga gupakira mu Budage, arizo gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi agenga gupakira mu gihugu cyawo, gushishikariza abakora gupakira kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'udupfunyika tudakenewe no kongera ibiciro byo kongera gukoresha udupfunyika mu buryo bukurikije amategeko.
Itandukaniro ni uko ibikoresho byo gupakira truffle mu BwongerezaAkazi ko kubahiriza amategeko agenga gupakira muri Otirishiya ntabwo kagoye nk'amategeko agenga gupakira mu Budage, kandi nta mpamvu yo kwiyandikisha no gutanga raporo z'amakuru ku mbuga za interineti za leta nka LUCID. Abagurisha ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka bakeneye gusa gushaka ikigo cyo muri Otirishiya cyo mu gace kishinzwe kongera gukoresha ibikoresho kugira ngo kirangize inshingano z'uhagarariye ubifitiye ububasha n'itangazo ry'uko gupakira muri Otirishiya icyarimwe.
ARA ni ikigo cyo muri Otirishiya gishinzwe kongera gukoresha ibikoresho by’ubudozi cyemewe na Green Dot System
Amakuru 2. Itsinda rya Green Dot ryihutisha iterambere mpuzamahanga
Ihinduka ry’izina ry’ikigo cy’ubucuruzi bw’imiti cyitwa Circular Resources rigaragaza ko cyamenyekanye ikirango cya Der Grüne Punkt, kandi gikoresha ubunararibonye bw’Ubudage mu gutunganya ibikoresho bya pulasitiki kugira ngo cyihutishe iterambere ry’inganda zo mu gace zitunganya ibikoresho bya pulasitiki, ziyobowe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’Ubufaransa.
Isosiyete ya Green Dot Holding Circular Resources S.à rl yahinduye izina ryayo ku mugaragaro yitwa Green Dot Global S.à rl Circular Resources Holding GmbH & Co. KG yahinduye izina ryayo yitwa Grüne Punkt Holding GmbH & Co. KG. Laurent Auguste, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Green Dot Group, yatangaje ati: “Mu guhindura izina, dusobanura intego y’Itsinda: gutanga ibisubizo byuzuye ku buryo bwo kongera gukoresha imyanda ya pulasitiki, harimo n’iyidakwiye gukoreshwa mu buryo bwa mashini ikoreshwa mu kongera gukoresha imyanda ikava mu muriro cyangwa mu myanda hanze y’Ubudage. Turimo gutegura uburyo bwihariye buhuza igurishwa ry’impushya zo gupakira ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’umuyoboro w’ibikoresho ujya mu buryo butaziguye, waba ukoreshwa mu buryo bwa mashini cyangwa imiti.”
Amakuru ya 3: Ese EU izabuza gupakira kapsule za kawa?
Mu mpera z'Ugushyingo umwaka ushize, umushinga w'Itegeko ry'Uburayi rigenga Gupakira PPWR watanzwe na Komisiyo y'Uburayi wakubiyemo ingingo yerekeye kapusule ya kawa.ibikoresho byo gupakira truffle mu Bwongerezagupakira - gupakira kapsule za kawa zitabora bizabujijwe gukwirakwira mu Burayi bwose. Mu bindi, umushinga w’Itegeko ry’Uburayi rigenga gupakira (PPWR) usaba ko gupakira kapsule za kawa rimwe gusa bicuruzwa mu nganda.
Inganda za kawa na Green Dot bashyizeho inzira nziza yo kongera gukoresha kapsule za kawa zakoreshejwe. Ariko, nta buryo bwuzuye bwo kongera gukoresha kapsule za kawa zishobora kubora, kandi ubwo buryo bwo gushyira kapsule za kawa ntibwemerwa mu cyiciro cy’imyanda y’umwimerere mu Budage. Birumvikana ko iyi ngingo iri mu mushinga wa PPWR bigoye kuyikurikiza muri iki gihe. Nk’imwe mu masosiyete akomeye yo kongera gukoresha kawa mu nganda, Green Dot ishyigikiye ijwi ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi wa Kawa kandi yasohoye itangazo ry’umwuga ku mabwiriza agenga gufunga kapsule za kawa mu mushinga wa PPWR.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 12-2023
