Ikigo cy’Ubukungu n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Mujyi wa Beijing giherutse gusohora Gahunda yo Gushyira mu Bikorwa Impinduka mu Nganda zikora mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga (2024-2026). Kugira ngo inganda zicapa zigaragaze neza ingingo zikurikira: uburyo bw’ingenzi bwo guhindura imikorere ya CNC bwa 55%, uburyo bwo gukora ibikoresho by’umusaruro bwa 19.63%, uburyo bwo gukora no gucunga ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bwa 67.5%, uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho by’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwa 75.2%.
Ibigo by’icapiro bya Beijing byateje imbere cyane impinduka n’ivugurura ry’ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwihuseipaki y'imigati ya puff.
Bivugwa ko muri gahunda ya 14 y’imyaka itanu, Beijing iteganya gutegura ingengo y’imari ya miliyoni 40 z’amayuani yo gushyiraho ibigega byihariye byo guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’ibitabo n’amacapiro mu rwego rwo gushyigikira iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, kuvugurura ibidukikije, kuvugurura no guteza imbere ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga.ipaki y'imigati ya puffibigo. Mu 2023, ibigo 22 by'ingenzi by'ingwate ku bijyanye no gucapa byongeye kumenyekana, kandiipaki y'imigati ya puffImirimo yo gucapa ubwoko burenga 6.000 n'amakopi agera kuri miliyoni 550 y'ibitabo by'ingenzi by'ingwate byararangiye umwaka wose. Imikorere y'imicungire y'ibidukikije mu bitabo n'amasosiyete acapa yashyizwe ku rutonde, kandi ibigo 12 byo ku rwego rwa A n'ibigo 21 byo ku rwego rwa B byarapimwe, byiyongereyeho 71% ugereranyije na 2022. Umujyi waipaki y'imigati ya puffibigo by’icapiro bigiye kugera ku nyungu nyamukuru y’ubucuruzi irenga miliyari 24 z’amayuani, ibigo 2 byahisemo itsinda rya mbere ry’ibigo by’igihugu byerekana icapiro, 5ipaki y'imigati ya puffibigo by’icapiro na Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru nk’ibigo byerekana uruganda rudakoresha ibidukikije, ibigo 4 by’icapiro n’Ibiro by’Ubukungu n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Mujyi byapimwe nk’uruganda rw’ubwenge cyangwa uruganda rw’ikoranabuhanga.ipaki y'imigati ya puffibigo by’ubucuruzi. Mu myaka itatu ikurikiranye, icapiro ry’ibitabo n’ubwiza bwo kurengera ibidukikije by’ibicapiro by’ibigo bya Beijing biri ku rwego rwo hejuru, kandi igipimo cyo gutsinda ubwoko bw’igenzura ry’ubuziranenge bwa "3.15″ kiri hejuru ya 98% naho ubwiza bwo kurengera ibidukikije ni 100%.
"Gahunda yo gushyira mu bikorwa impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga" igaragaza ko Beijing izahinga kandi igahitamo inganda zigezweho n'ibigo by'ikoranabuhanga i Beijing, igahinga inganda nyinshi zerekana inganda zigezweho n'ahantu nyaburanga, igashyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho bisanzwe byo guhindura ikoranabuhanga, kandi igashyiraho ubunararibonye bushya n'icyitegererezo gishya cya "Beijing Smart Manufacturing" gishobora gukopwa no gutezwa imbere.
Muri iki gihe, Beijingipaki y'imigati ya puff Inganda z’icapiro zifite ibigo bine by’Abahinde mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Nk’imwe mu masosiyete ya mbere y’igihugu yerekana ibikorwa byo gucapa, Beijing Shengtong Printing Co., LTD., ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka interineti igendanwa, amakuru menshi n’ikoranabuhanga ryo mu bicu, yahawe urubuga rwa serivisi zo gusohora ibitabo mu bicu mu 2015 kandi ikomeza kunozwa no kuvugururwa, none yafunguye abakiriya, abatanga serivisi, ibigo biyishamikiyeho, ibigo bisohora ibitabo n’ibigo byabo by’ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo bagere ku musaruro, kwamamaza no gutanga amakuru. Bakora urujya n’uruza rw’amakuru akorana neza, badafite uburyo bwo kwihutisha amakuru, kandi bashyizwe mu byiciro nk’ “uruganda rw’ubwenge rupima imikorere y’ibigo n’ikoranabuhanga” na “uruganda rw’ikoranabuhanga rwo gucapa rwa Beijing Jingyi”.
Beijing Jianhongipaki y'imigati ya puffPrinting Co., Ltd. yegukanye igihembo cya "Publishing on-demand printing digital workshop" hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ry'amakuru n'icapiro on-demand nk'ishingiro, yateje imbere urubuga rwa "Zhongtu Printing Cloud" ku giti cyayo, kandi yashyizeho uburyo bushya bwo gucuruza buhuza ibikoresho byo kwakira ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, serivisi z'ubuhanga mu gucapa n'ibindi bikorwa kugira ngo irusheho gukora neza no kugabanya ikiguzi. Beijing Jiexun Jia Color Printing Co., Ltd. inakora neza mu bijyanye no gucapa on-demand, ifata iya mbere mu gutangiza imashini ya mbere yo mu gihugu ya FangZhengjie Eagle P5600CHD HD color inkjet rotary digital printing mu 2022, kandi itera imbere cyane mu nzira nshya yo guteza imbere kuzigama no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kugabanya ububiko no kongera inyungu zitandukanye.ipaki y'imigati ya puffmoderi zirangwa no gukora igihe cyose bikenewe.
Byongeye kandi, ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga cya POD intelligent manufacturing cya Beijing Artron Art Printing Co., LTD., hamwe n’ikigo cy’ikoranabuhanga kimwe cyaipaki y'imigati ya puffGucapa no gukwirakwiza Beijing Ding Jia Century Printing Co., LTD., byashyizwe ku rutonde rw'ibigo bitoranywamo ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu myaka ibiri ishize.
Hanyuma, ibigo by’icapiro bya Beijing bizihutisha umuvuduko wo kubaka ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga n’inganda zikoresha ubuhanga, byongere amahugurwa y’abahanga, kandi bishyiremo imbaraga zose kugira ngo hubakwe uburyo bw’inganda butanga umusaruro mwiza, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, umutekano, guhuza ibidukikije no gukorera mu mucyo.
Mu rwego rw’ingamba zo kubaka Akarere ka Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay, ni ayahe mahirwe y’iterambere inganda za Dongguan na Hong Kong zazanye? Ku ya 25 Ukwakira 2023, inama y’ubufatanye mu kungurana ibitekerezo ku nganda za capiro ya Dongguan-Hong Kong n’inama y’iterambere ry’inganda nziza, kandi inganda za capiro muri Greater Bay zasinye amasezerano y’ubufatanye, azatanga uruhare ku nyungu z’umutungo n’ingaruka z’imikoranire mu karere mu guteza imbere amahame ya Bay Area, kandi afungure igice gishya cy’ubufatanye n’iterambere ry’inganda za capiro muri Dongguan-Hong Kong.
Iterwa inkunga na Hong Kongipaki y'imigati ya puffibigo by'icapiro biracyari inkingi y'ibigo by'icapiro biterwa inkunga n'amahanga i Dongguan
“Gucapa ni ikintu cy’ingenzi gitanga ubuhanzi bushingiye ku muco kandi ni inganda ikomeye cyane muri Dongguan na Hong Kong. Ahantu habiri Dongguan na Hong Kong hari hafi cyane, kandi abantu barafitanye isano. Mu ntangiriro z’ivugurura n’ifungurwa ry’igihugu, inganda za Hong Kong zakoranye cyane n’inganda za Dongguan, mu guteza imbere igihugu kugira ngo kibe imbaraga zo gucapa mu nzira, ndatinyuka kuvuga ko Dongguan na Hong Kong byatanze imbaraga nyinshi, bikwiye gushimirwa n’abantu bose bari hano.” Umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe guhanga udushya muri Hong Kong, Ibiro bishinzwe umuco, siporo n’ubukerarugendo muri Hong Kong, Tsang Chiu-hok, yagize ati mu ijambo rye.
Dongguan ni yo ikura vuba cyaneipaki y'imigati ya puffinganda z'icapiro mu gihugu, umujyi munini ku rwego rw'akarere, ni igihugu cy'ukuriipaki y'imigati ya puffUmujyi w’inganda zicapa, ikarita y’ubucuruzi y’inganda “yacapishijwe muri Dongguan” irushaho gukundwa. Si amateka y’inganda zicapa muri Dongguan gusa, ahubwo ni n’amateka y’ubufatanye mu nganda zicapa muri Dongguan na Hong Kong.
Dongguan na Hong Kong birafitanye isano mu rwego rw'isi, abantu barafitanye isano, umuco ushingiye ku mico, ubufatanye mu nganda bifite inyungu karemano. Kuva aho habereye ivugurura n'ifungurwa, umubare munini w'ibigo byiza byo gucapa byatewe inkunga na Hong Kong byatuye i Dongguan, bizana porogaramu zigezweho z'ikoranabuhanga, ingero z'imicungire ya siyansi, impano nziza z'inganda n'amakompanyi mpuzamahanga menshi muri Dongguan, bitanga inkunga ikomeye ku nganda zo gucapa i Dongguan.
Yin Zhiqi, perezida w'Ikinyamakuru Dongguan naipaki y'imigati ya puffIshyirahamwe ry’Inganda z’Icapiro, muri iyo nama, ryavuze ko iri shyirahamwe ryitabiriye kandi ryabonye iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’icapiro za Dongguan, ndetse rinabona ubwisanzure hagati ya Dongguan na Hong Kong mu guhuza inganda.
Nyuma y’ivugurura n’ifungurwa ry’akazi, hamwe n’ubwinjiriro bukomeye bw’ibigo by’icapiro biterwa inkunga na Hong Kong,ipaki y'imigati ya puffInganda zicapa muri Dongguan zafunguye iterambere ryihuta kuva ku ntangiriro kugeza kuri benshi. Yin Zhiqi yagize ati: “Biravugwa ko ibyagezweho n’inganda zicapa muri Dongguan muri iki gihe bitashobora gutandukanywa n’imbaraga zihuriweho n’itsinda ku rindi, ibyiciro ku bisekuruza by’abacapa ba Dongguan na Hong Kong.”
Liang Zhaoxian, perezida wa Hong Kongipaki y'imigati ya puffIshami ry’Ubucuruzi ry’Inganda z’Icapiro, ryanavuze ko nyuma y’ivugurura n’ifungurwa, ibigo by’icapiro bya Hong Kong byimuriye imiyoboro yabyo y’ibicuruzwa mu gace ka Greater Bay ubu, bikora mu buryo bwa “front shop after factory”, aho Dongguan ari imwe mu mijyi ikomeye; Nyuma, byazamuwe bijya mu ruzi rwa Yangtze, agace ka Bohai Rim, ndetse no mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu kugira ngo bishyirireho inganda, bizana imari ikomeye, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n’ibikoresho, impano nziza, n’uburyo bwiza bwo gukora no gucunga ku mugabane.
Kugeza uyu munsi, amasosiyete acapa aterwa inkunga na Hong Kong aracyari inkingi y'imari iterwa inkunga n'amahangaipaki y'imigati ya puffIbigo by’icapiro muri Dongguan, n’ibigo byiza cyane biterwa inkunga na Hong Kong nka Jinbei na Lijia ni bimwe mu bigo bikomeye mu gihugu. Kuri ubu, hari ibigo 239 biterwa inkunga na Hong Kong bikorera muri Dongguan, bingana na 83.86% by’umubare wose w’ibigo by’icapiro biterwa inkunga n’abanyamahanga muri uwo mujyi. Muri 2022, ibigo by’icapiro biterwa inkunga na Hong Kong bizagera kuri miliyari 18.32 z’amayuani. Bingana na 77.42% by’umusaruro wose w’ibigo by’icapiro biturutse mu mahanga.
Komeza umubano w'amaraso wa Dongguan na Hong Kong kuriipaki y'imigati ya puff, no gushaka ubufatanye mu nganda ku nyungu z'abantu bose
Mu rwego rw’ingamba zo kubaka Akarere ka Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay, ubufatanye bw’inganda zicapa muri Dongguan na Hong Kong bwazanye amahirwe mashya yo guteza imbere. Muri iyi nama, inganda zicapa za Dongguan na Hong Kong zageze ku bufatanye bwinshi - abagize itsinda rishinzwe kugenzura imirimo yo gucapa rya Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Dongguan) bakoze umuhango wo gutanga uburenganzira, hashyirwaho umuhango wo gusinya amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu iterambere ry’inganda zicapa za Guangdong na Dongguan na Hong Kong. Inama yahaye uburenganzira ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zicapa n’izicapa rya Dongguan n’ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura no gusuzuma ubuziranenge bwa Dongguan mu Ntara ya Guangdong, hanyuma abahagarariye ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zicapa n’izikora kopi za Guangdong, ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zicapa n’izicapa rya Dongguan n’urugaga rw’ubucuruzi mu nganda zicapa muri Hong Kong baje gusinya amasezerano y’ubufatanye mu bihugu bitatu.
Zeng Zhaoxue yagize ati: “Aya masezerano y’ubufatanye azafasha mu gushyira mu bikorwa inyungu z’umutungo n’ingaruka z’imikoranire y’akarere mu gushyiraho amahame ngenderwaho y’akarere ka Bay, no kongera imbaraga mu guhangana kw’inganda z’icapiro mu Bushinwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga.”
Yin Zhiqi yagaragaje ko inganda z’icapiro zifite ibisobanuro byinshi kandi zikora mu buryo bwagutse, ibyo bikaba bitanga umwanya n’amahirwe menshi ku bufatanye bw’inganda z’icapiro muri Dongguan na Hong Kong. Inganda z’icapiro muri Hong Kong zifite ibyiza bifatika mu buryo bw’imari, gahunda y’imisoro, uburyo bw’ubucuruzi, uburyo bwo kugaragara kw’isoko n’ibindi. Inganda z’icapiro muri Dongguan zifite ibyiciro byuzuye by’inganda n’inkunga yuzuye y’inganda. Yin Zhiqi yagize ati: “Tuzateza imbere inganda z’icapiro zombi kugira ngo twishingikirize ku zindi, twuzuze inyungu za buri wese, dufatanye guteza imbere kandi duhuze iterambere, kandi dukomeze kunoza ingaruka z’inganda z’icapiro muri Dongguan na Hong Kong mu karere.”
Leung yavuze ko isano ya hafi iri hagati yaipaki y'imigati ya puffInganda z’icapiro muri Guangdong, Hong Kong na Macao mu myaka yashize zashyizeho urufatiro rukomeye rw’ubufatanye bwimbitse bw’ejo hazaza.
Mu gihe kizaza, dukurikije iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya, dushobora gukorana mu guteza imbere amahugurwa y’abakozi, isuzumabumenyi rishya n’ubushakashatsi, no kugira uruhare rugaragara mu bikorwa by’imiryango yo mu gihugu no ku rwego mpuzamahanga igena ubuziranenge, kugira ngo duhurize hamwe imbaraga zo guhangana no kugera ku iterambere ry’inganda z’icapiro mu gace ka Greater Bay.
Muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, itsinda rishinzwe gutunganya ibipimo by’icapiro rya Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area ryashyizweho ku mugaragaro, kandi itsinda rya mbere ry’umushinga w’ibipimo by’icapiro rya Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area naryo ryashyizwe ahagaragara. Bwana Leung yagize ati: “Ni intangiriro nziza cyane. Nizeye ko mu gihe kizaza, Greater Bay Area izashyiraho uburyo bwuzuye bwo gutunganya ibipimo by’icapiro ndetse inashyireho icyemezo cyayo.”
Ihuriro ry’iterambere ry’inganda rifite ireme risesenguye mu buryo bwimbitse ibijyanye n’iterambere ry’inganda z’icapiro
Inama y’ubutwererane n’ubuhahirane mu nganda z’icapiro muri Guan-Hong Kong y’uyu mwaka hamwe n’ihuriro ry’iterambere ry’inganda rifite insanganyamatsiko zikomeye, ibikubiye mu nyandiko bikungahaye ku makuru, imiterere itandukanye n’umusaruro mwiza. Iyi nama yibanze cyane ku nsanganyamatsiko yo guteza imbere iterambere ry’inganda z’icapiro, igaragaza icyerekezo cyo guteza imbere ubuhahirane n’ubufatanye bw’inganda z’icapiro muri Dongguan na Hong Kong no kugera ku iterambere ry’impamo.
Muri iyo nama, Yuan Jiashun, umuyobozi wungirije w’ishami rishinzwe udushya mu ikoranabuhanga n’ishoramari mu biro by’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga bya Dongguan, yatanze ibisobanuro bya politiki ku guteza imbere ibigo by’inganda kugira ngo bikore impinduka nshya mu ikoranabuhanga, yibanze ku ngamba za Dongguan no gushyigikira politiki mu kuyobora impinduka mu ikoranabuhanga mu bigo by’inganda. Chen Runquan, umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere ry’umwuga w’ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura no gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa by’impapuro cya Dongguan akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kugenzura no kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa by’impapuro, yasangije insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Guteza imbere iterambere ry’icapiro ritangiza ibidukikije binyuze mu gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ngenderwaho” anasesengura uruhare rw’ingenzi rw’amahame mu guteza imbere iterambere ry’urwego rw’icapiro ritangiza ibidukikije. Wang Lijie, umwanditsi mukuru wa Beijing Keyin Media Culture Co., LTD., yanditse raporo yise “Isesengura ry’uko ibintu bimeze n’uko ibintu bigenda mu nganda z’icapiro”, yasesenguye mu buryo bwimbitse icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’inganda z’icapiro mu buryo bw’imibare, isesengura ku buryo bunonosoye impinduka mu nganda z’icapiro zo mu Bushinwa zihura nazo, kandi inatanga igitekerezo cy’uko ibigo by’icapiro bigomba kumenya neza impinduka ku isoko, bikongera ubushobozi bw’ibigo mu kubaka ikoranabuhanga.ipaki y'imigati ya puffubwenge, kandi dukoreshe amahirwe yo kwiteza imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 19 Mata 2024
