Hafu yekutanga yegore yava kuda kupera musika wekudhinda wakasanganiswa

Hafu yekutanga yegore yava kuda kupera musika wekudhinda wakasanganiswa

Isu: Kubatanidzwa kwemakambani nekutenga kuri kuwedzera

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, magazini yeUnited States inonzi “Print Impression” yakaburitsa mushumo wemamiriro ezvinhu ekubatanidzwa nekutenga kwemakambani ekudhinda muUnited States. Data rinoratidza kuti kubva muna Ndira kusvika Kubvumbi gore rino, kubatanidzwa nekutenga kwemakambani ekudhinda nekupakata muUnited States kwakaramba kuchiderera, uye kwakadzikira muna Kubvumbi, kusvika padanho rakaderera mumakore anoda kusvika gumi. Asi panguva imwe chete, mushumo wacho wakataurawo kuti kubatanidzwa kwemakambani mumakambani ekudhinda nekupakata muUS kuri kuwedzera.Fkana muenzaniso,mabhokisi echokoreti ezvipo, kudiwa kwevanhu kwechokoreti kwakawedzera, saka bhokisi richashandiswa zvakanyanya,mabhokisi echokoreti akanakisa.

Mumakore mashoma apfuura, chikamu chekudhinda chemabhizimisi chekuUS chakaramba chichikura, mamwe makambani ekudhinda emabhizimisi achiwana mari yakawanda uye purofiti uye achiwanazve kufarirwa nevanoita mari vane hunyanzvi. Huwandu hwekubhuroka kwemakambani ekudhinda hwakaderera mumakore mana apfuura. Panguva imwe chete,bhokisi rechokoreti rakanakabhokisi rechokoreti inopisa,bhokisi rakanakisa rechokoreti yezvipocbvisa ziso revanhu.TMushumo wake unoratidzawo chimwe chiitiko chisina kuonekwa kwemakore mazhinji: vatengi vasina ruzivo muindasitiri yekudhinda vari kutenga makambani madiki nepakati ekudhinda asina kodzero dzekutengeserana, uye vanoona indasitiri yekudhinda senzvimbo yekudyara yakavimbika. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kubatanidzwa nekutenga muindasitiri yekudhinda kwekutengeserana hakuna kuparara, asi kuri kukura.

Tichitarisa huwandu hwekutengeserana kwenzvimbo yemazita mumakore mashoma apfuura, kubatanidzwa nekutenga makambani ekudhinda mavara kwave kuchipisa. Mushumo unoratidza kuti kubatanidzwa kwebhizinesi rekunyora mavara kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekufarira kwakasimba kwemakambani mazhinji emari akazvimirira mumusika wekunyora mavara. Kufanana nemusika wekudhinda mavara, makambani emari akazvimirira anoonawo mikana mumusika wemakatoni anopetwa, uko basa reM&A richaenderera mberi. Muna Ndira, kekutanga, huwandu hwemakambani anogadzira mabhokisi ekurongedza hwakapfuura hwemakambani ekudhinda mavara.Tbhokisi rezuva rake, bhokisi rekufambidzana nevakaroorana, chipo chebhokisi rekufambidzanapinozivikanwa nevatengi vekuMiddle East.

Nhasi, vatengesi vachivhurwa uye musika wemhando dzese dzezviratidzo zvemifananidzo uchikura, musika wekudhinda une mafomu akawanda uri kugadzirisika. Asi vatengi vari kunetsekawo, neruzivo rwakanaka rwuchangobva kubuda ruchiratidza kuwedzera kusingagoneki kwekudiwa kwakakonzerwa nedenda rekare. Nekuda kweizvozvo, havana chokwadi nezvekuvandudzwa kukuru kwemari inowanikwa uye purofiti muchikamu chekudhinda chine mafomu akawanda. Mushumo wacho unofanotaura kuti mune ramangwana, kunetseka kwevatengi kuchaderera, uye kubatanidzwa nekutenga kwemakambani ekudhinda ane mafomu akawanda kuchawedzerawo.

Mushumo uyu unotenda kuti kubatanidzwa nekutenga zvinhu pamwe nemusika mubazi rekudhinda maindasitiri zvichakura. Zvichikanganiswa nemutemo weUS wekudzoka kwemari mukugadzira, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakaita semazita kuchakwezva kufarira kwevatengi vazhinji. Kuwedzera kune kurudziro yemutemo, kuwedzera kwekudhinda maindasitiri emuno muUnited States kunokanganiswawo nezvimwe zvinhu. Kukanganiswa kwekutengeserana kwemakambani, semuenzaniso, kwakachinja kuvimba kwemakambani nevatengesi vepasi rose.

UK: Kumanikidzwa kwemitengo kuri kudzikira

Sangano reBritish Printing Industry Federation rakaita ongororo munguva pfupi yapfuura pamusoro pemaonero emakambani ekudhinda zana negumi nemaviri muUnited Kingdom, zvichiratidza kuti muchikamu chekutanga chegore rino, indasitiri yekudhinda nekurongedza yeBritain iri kutarisana nematambudziko. Kusanganiswa kwemitengo yakakwira uye kudiwa kushoma kwakaderedza simba reindasitiri yekudhinda yeUK, nekugadzira nekuodha kuchidonha muchikamu chekutanga chegore.

Muongororo iyi, 38 muzana yemakambani akaongororwa akataura kudzikira kwezvigadzirwa mukota yekutanga. 33 muzana chete yevakabvunzwa vakataura kuwedzera kwezvigadzirwa, 29 muzana ichiramba ichiburitsa zvinhu zvakanaka. Zvisinei, mushure mekunge kumanikidzwa kwemitengo kwadzikira mukota yekutanga, tarisiro yemusika wekudhinda mukota yechipiri yaive netariro. Makumi mana nematatu muzana evakabvunzwa vanotarisira kuti zvigadzirwa zvichawedzera mukota yechipiri, 48 muzana vanotarisira kuti zvigadzirwa zvicharamba zvakagadzikana, uye 9 muzana chete vanotarisira kuti zvigadzirwa zvichadzikira.

Pavakabvunzwa nezve "nyaya inonyanya kunetsa makambani ekudhinda," 68 muzana yevakabvunzwa vakasarudza kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi, kubva pa75 muzana muna Ndira uye 83 muzana muna Gumiguru. Kubva muna Kubvumbi gore rapera, mitengo yemagetsi ndiyo yakanyanya kunetsa makambani ekudhinda. Panguva imwe chete, 54% yemakambani akabvunzwa mumhinduro yemubvunzo akasarudza mitengo yemukwikwidzi, kunyanya, vamwe vanokwikwidza mitengo iri pasi pemutengo. Iyi ndiyo nhamba yakafanana neyaNdira gore rino. Kumanikidzwa kwemihoro kwaive kunetseka kwechitatu kwemakambani ekudhinda akabvunzwa, ne50% yevakabvunzwa vakasarudza sarudzo iyi. Izvo zvakaderera zvishoma kubva pa51 muzana muna Ndira, asi zvichiri muzvikamu zvitatu zvepamusoro. Kuwedzera kwemuhoro wepasi munguva pfupi yapfuura, mhedzisiro yemarongerwo emihoro uye mibairo yakasiyana, pamwe nekukwira kwemitengo, kwakawedzera kunetseka nezvemibairo pakati pemakambani ekudhinda. "Kumanikidzwa kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi, kwakabatana nekusagadzikana kwehupfumi nezvematongerwo enyika, kwakaparadza chivimbo chemakambani ekudhinda pakutanga mukudzoreredzwa kwemusika." Pasinei nematambudziko aripo, makambani achiri kutarisira nezveramangwana reindasitiri yekudhinda. Mushure meizvozvo, inflation inotarisirwa kudzikira zvakanyanya uye mitengo yemagetsi inotarisirwa kugadzikana zvakanyanya.” Charles Jarrold, mukuru weFederation of British Printing Industries.

Panguva imwe chete, kekutanga, ongororo iyi yakasanganisirawo mibvunzo ine chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, ichida kudzidza zvakawanda nezvezviito zviri kuitwa nemakambani ekudhinda kuti agadzirise kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza. Ongororo iyi yakawana kuti makambani anoda kusvika 38 muzana akaongororwa ari kuyera kuburitswa kwecarbon mumhepo yavo.

Japan: Kubhuroka kwemakambani kuri kuwedzera

Zvichienderana neongororo yazvino yeTokyo Institute of Commerce and Industry, kubva muna Kubvumbi 2022 kusvika Kukadzi 2023, huwandu hwekubhuroka kwemari (zvikwereti zvemamiriyoni gumi emadhora kana kupfuura) muindasitiri yekudhinda yeJapan hwakasvika 59, kuwedzera kwe31.1% munguva imwecheteyo yegore remari rapfuura.

Huwandu hwekubhuroka kwemakambani nekuda kwedenda iri hwakawedzera kusvika pa27, zvichikwira ne50 muzana kubva panguva imwe chete yegore rapfuura remari. Kuwedzera kune zvikonzero zvekudzikira kwemusika, denda iri rakakonzera kudzikira kwemabasa akasiyana-siyana uye kudzikira kwekushanya nekudiwa kwemichato, izvo zvakakonzera kukuvara kukuru mukushanda kweindasitiri yekudhinda.Vbhokisi rechokoreti rezuva realentines, musanganiswa wekeke rechokoreti thmwero wekushandiswa kwemagetsi uchawedzera panguva yemutambo.

Huwandu hwekubhuroka kwemari muindasitiri yekudhinda yeJapan hwave hwakaderera pane hwegore remari rapfuura kwemakore matatu akateedzana kubva mugore remari ra2019. Kwaive nekubhuroka kwemari makumi mana nemasere mugore remari ra2021, chiyero chakaderera kubva mugore remari ra2003. Chikonzero chekuramba kuchiderera kwekubhuroka kwemari imhedzisiro inoshamisa yerutsigiro rwemari rwakabatana nekurwisa denda. Zvisinei, kana paine kunonoka kudzoreredzwa kwekudiwa kwekudhinda, huwandu hwekubhuroka kwemari hwakawedzera zvakanyanya mugore remari ra2022, uye rutsigiro rwerutsigiro rwerutsigiro rwemari panguva yedenda rwadzikira.

Pamusoro pezvo, huwandu hwevanhu vakabhuroka vane zvikwereti zvinodarika mamiriyoni zana yen hwaive 28, kuwedzera kwe115.3%, zvichiita kuti pave nehafu yehuwandu hwevanhu vakabhuroka, hunenge 47.4%. Zvichienzaniswa nenguva imwecheteyo yegore rapfuura remari, chikamu che28.8% chakawedzera ne18.6 muzana, uye chiyero chekubhuroka chakawedzera zvakanyanya.

Mu "ongororo yemibvunzo yechikwereti chakawandisa" yakaitwa neTokyo Institute of Commerce and Industry muna Zvita 2022, 46.3% yevakapindura mumaindasitiri ekudhinda nemamwe akabatana vakapindura kuti vaive nechikwereti. 26.0 muzana yemakambani akati ane zvikwereti zvakakura mushure medenda reCOVID-19 (kunenge mushure meKukadzi 2020). Nekudzikira kwekutengesa, mari yakapfuura haisi kungove mutoro chete, asi chikwereti chemakambani, icho chinovimba nerutsigiro rwemari yakabatana nedenda iri, chiri kuwedzerawo nekukurumidza.

Pakutanga kwedenda iri, makambani ekudhinda ekuJapan aitsigirwa nemitemo yemari, uye kubhuroka kwemakambani kwakaderedzwa. Zvisinei, sezvo kusasimba kwechimiro kuchideredza simba rekushanda kwemabhizinesi, mhedzisiro yerutsigiro rwemitemo ine chekuita nedenda yaderera, uye mari yemakambani yave yakaoma. Pamusoro pezvo, kudzikira kweyen, kusawirirana pakati peRussia neUkraine kwakaita kuti mitengo yemapepa nemagetsi ikwire, pamwe nekuwedzera kwemitengo yekutakura zvinhu, indasitiri iyi iri kunetseka kuti kubhuroka kweindasitiri yekudhinda yekuJapan kuchapinda muchikamu chinokwira nekukurumidza.

Kuvharwa kwemabhizinesi nekuparadzwa kwemabhizinesi emakambani ekudhinda kwakawedzera ne12.6% gore negore. Mugore remari ra2021, makambani ekudhinda mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu akavharwa kana kuputswa, kudzikira kwegore negore kwe16.3%, uye kudzikira kwemakore maviri akateedzana. Zvisinei, mumwedzi mipfumbamwe kubva muna Kubvumbi kusvika Zvita wegore remari ra2022, kwakavharwa vanhu vanosvika mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemaviri, kuwedzera kwe12.6% kupfuura nguva imwecheteyo yegore remari rapfuura.

Kubva mugore remari ra2003, huwandu hwemakambani ekudhinda ekuJapan akavharwa uye akaparadzwa hwakawedzera kubva pa81 mugore remari ra2003 kusvika pa390 mugore remari ra2019. Kubva ipapo, nerutsigiro rwemitemo ine chekuita nehutachiona, hwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya kubva mugore remari ra2020 kusvika pa260 mugore remari ra2021. Zvisinei, zvichienderana nezviri kuitika pari zvino, huwandu hwemakambani ekudhinda akavharirwa uye akaputswa hunogona kudarika gore remari ra2021.