1. Ukubuka konke kwe-ukupakishwa kokudlaimboni
Ukupakishwa KokudlaUmbukiso wafunda ukuthiukupakishwa kokudlaKungavikela ukudla futhi kuvimbele ukuthi kungonakaliswa yizinto zangaphandle zebhayoloji, zamakhemikhali, nezomzimba ngesikhathi senqubo yokujikeleza kusuka efektri kuya ezandleni zabathengi. Kunomsebenzi futhi wokugcina ikhwalithi yokudla izinzile. Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okulula nakho kuveza ukubukeka kokudla futhi kudonsela ukusetshenziswa, okunenani elingaphezu kwezindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngakho-ke,ukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethi ukupakishwa kokudlainqubo nayo iyingxenye ebalulekile yobunjiniyela bezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ukudla.
Ukupakishwa kokudlaingeyemboni yokupakisha futhi iyisigaba esikhulu semakethe embonini yokupakisha, ebalelwa cishe ku-60% wesabelo semakethe yonke yemboni yokupakisha. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kobukhulu bemboni yokukhiqiza yezwe lami kanye nohlelo lokusungula izinto ezintsha oluphelele, imboni yokupakisha idlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu kanye nethonya ekuzivumelaniseni nezidingo zabantu zokuziphilisa, yakhaukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiamandla okukhiqiza, kanye nokukhuthaza intuthuko yezomnotho.
ukupakishwa kokudla ingahlukaniswa ngensimbi, ingilazi, iphepha, ipulasitiki, izinto ezihlanganisiwe, njll. ngokwezinto zokupakisha. Ngokohlobo lokupakisha, ihlukaniswe ngamathini, amabhodlela, amaphakheji, izikhwama, imiqulu, amabhokisi, njll.; ngokwendlela yokupakisha, ihlukaniswe ngokufaka amathini, ukufaka amabhodlela, ukupakisha, ukufaka amasaka, ukusonga nokugcwalisa, ukupakisha, ukuvala, ukulebula, ikhodi yokufafaza njll.;
Ngokwezinga lomkhiqizo, uhlukaniswe ngokupakisha kwangaphakathi, ukupakisha kwesibili, ukupakisha kwesithathu, ukupakisha kwangaphandle, njll.;
Ngokwezindlela zobuchwepheshe, ihlukaniswe kanje: ukupakisha okuvikela umswakama, ukupakisha okungangeni manzi, ukupakisha okuvikela ukubola, ukupakisha okugcina kusha, ukupakisha okuqandisiwe ngokushesha, ukupakisha okuphefumulayo, ukupakisha kokubulala amagciwane kuma-microwave, ukupakisha okungenamagciwane, okungavuthwaukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiukupakishwa, ukupakishwa kwe-vacuum, ukupakishwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo, ukupakishwa kwe-blister, ukupakishwa okulingana nesikhumba, ukupakishwa kwe-pull Stretch, ukupakishwa kwesikhwama sokuphendula, njll.
Amaphakheji ahlukahlukene okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla enziwe ngezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezahlukene. Izici zawo zokupakisha zihambisana nezidingo zokudla ezahlukene futhi zingavikela ngempumelelo
Ingxenye ephezulu yeukupakishwa kokudlauchungechunge lwemboni luhlanganisa izinto zokupakisha, okuhlanganisa iphepha lokupakisha, ipulasitiki ejwayelekile, ingilazi, i-aluminium kanye nemishini yokupakisha; i-midstream iyi-ukupakishwa kokudlaimboni yokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa ukupakisha amaphepha, ukupakisha ngepulasitiki, ukupakisha ngensimbi, ukupakisha ngengilazi; phansi kukhona i-Theukupakishwa kokudlaImakethe yesicelo somkhiqizo ihlanganisa kakhulu ukudla okulula, ukudla okulula, ukudla kwezingane, ukudla okuphekwayo, njll.
2. Amathemba kaukupakishwa kokudlaimboni
IUkupakishwa KokudlaUmbukiso uyaqonda ukuthi njengoba izinga lemali engenayo kazwelonke likhula, ukudla okulula, ukudla okuphekwayo, kanye nokudla okuqandisiwe ngokushesha kuba yizindawo eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa kokudla kuzwelonke. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ubukhulu bemakethe yabo buqhubekile nokukhula, okuqhubekisele phambili isidingo esikhulayo se-ukupakishwa kokudlaImakethe. Imboni inamathuba amakhulu entuthuko.
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe,ukupakishwa kokudlaInikezwe iziphakamiso zenani eliyingqayizivele kanye nemisebenzi ethile yokumaketha, ngaphezu kokuvikela ukudla ekulimaleni ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa kanye nokwandisa isikhathi sokujabulela ukudla. Ukupakisha ukudla kungaxhumanisa ngqo okuqukethwe okusebenzayo kokumaketha nomkhiqizo, okunomthelela omkhulu ekuziphatheni kokuthenga kwamakhasimende.
Kusukela ngo-2017, i-Sealed Air (SEE) ithenge i-Fakodala ngokulandelana, inkampani yokupakisha evikelwe ngokwezifiso, futhi yasebenzisa amaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-510 ukuze ithenge i-Automated Packaging Systems (APS), umenzi wezinhlelo zokufaka izikhwama ezenzakalelayo.
Ngo-2023, i-Sealed Air (SEE) izohamba njalo emakethe yaseShayina.
NgoFebhuwari 2023, i-Sealed Air (SEE) yenze esinye isinyathelo, yasebenzisa amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.15 ukuze ithenge i-Liquibox, inkampani ehamba phambili embonini yokupakisha eguquguqukayo yase-US. Le yokugcina ihlinzeka kakhulu ngezixazululo zokupakisha eziqhubekayo kanye nokupakisha okuncane koketshezi kanye nemikhiqizo yoketshezi.
Mayelanaukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethi ukupakishwa kokudla, I-Sealed Air (SEE) ithuthukise uchungechunge lwamafilimu okuluka angagcini nje ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kwemikhiqizo yefilimu yokuluka yendabuko, kodwa futhi angaphinde asetshenziswe futhi angasetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni yenyama, inyama entsha neqandisiwe, kanye nokudla kwasolwandle. Kanye nokupheka nokulungisa izitsha, ukupakisha kwezokwelapha kanye neminye imboni. NgoSepthemba 2023, lo mkhiqizo uwine i-“Sustainable Ecosystem Innovation Exploration Award” ekhishwe yi-China Packaging Innovation and Sustainable Development Forum (CPiS2023).
3. Intuthuko Yendlela YokuthuthukaUkupakishwa KokudlaImboni
IUkupakishwa KokudlaUmbukiso uthole ukuthi njengamanje, izinkampani zokudla eziningi ziyaqala ukwenza ukupakisha kwazo kube luhlaza futhi kuphinde kusetshenziswe. Ezinye izinkampani zobisi ziqalise imikhiqizo yokupakisha ubisi engaphrintwanga, kanti ezinye izinkampani zipakishe amakhekhe enyanga enziwe ngemfucuza kamoba… Ziyanda izinkampani eziningi zisebenzisa i-compost ebola ngokwemveloukupakishwa kokudlaizinto zokwakha. Kungabonakala ukuthi ku-ukupakishwa kokudlaimboni, ukupakisha okuluhlaza kuyisihloko esingenakugwenywa kanye nomkhuba.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi njengoba izimboni eziningi zigcizelela ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuphinde kusetshenziswe kabusha kokupakisha imikhiqizo, ukuthengwa nokuhlanganiswa kwesikhathi esizayo cishe kuzoba yindlela enkulu yentuthuko kuleli zwe.ukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiimboni yokupakisha imikhiqizo, edala ngokungabonakali imali entsha yebhizinisi kanye nemali yezimboni. indawo yokusebenza.
Ngokusho kwemibiko yabezindaba, esinye isici esibangela ukuthi izikhungo zezimali ezizimele zikhethe ukupakishwa kwemikhiqizo enobungani nemvelo ukuthi izinkampani eziningi zasekhaya zinesidingo esikhulu sezinto zokupakisha ezinobungani nemvelo futhi ezingaphinde zisetshenziswe. Kodwa-ke, abakhiqizi bezinto zokupakisha zendabuko bangase bangakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezifanele.
Abakhiqizi bezinto zokupakisha baseYurophu naseMelika sekuyisikhathi eside bezwa umthelela omkhulu wobuchwepheshe bokuvikela imvelo embonini yokupakisha yemikhiqizo yendabuko, futhi bakhe ukuncintisana kwabo okusha ezixazululweni zokupakisha ezintsha eziqhubekayo ngokuthenga nokuhlanganisa.
IUkupakishwa KokudlaUmbukiso ufunde ukuthi itiye, njengesiphuzo sendabuko, belilokhu lithandwa ngabantu. Kodwa-ke, emncintiswaneni wanamuhla wemakethe onzima, izinhlobo zetiye kudingeka ziqhubeke nokuqamba izinto ezintsha nokwenza intuthuko ukuze zithathe indawo ezinhliziyweni zabathengi. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kokupakisha okuheha amehlo nokuhlukile kubaluleke kakhulu.
Iphefumulelwe yizinto zemvelo
Izinto zemvelo ziyisihloko esingapheli futhi esiphilayo esisebenza nasekwakheni amaphakheji etiye. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa amaphethini anjengezihlahla, izimbali, izindawo ezinhle, njll. ukukhombisa ubuhle bemvelo obumelelwa umkhiqizo. Ukwenza kanjalo akugcini nje ngokuheha ukunaka kwabathengi, kodwa futhi kubakhumbuza ngobumsulwa, impilo, kanye nokuphumula.
Isitayela esilula sihlanganiswe nesimanje
Ukupakishwa KokudlaUmbukiso uyaqonda ukuthi emphakathini wanamuhla osheshayo, abantu banaka kakhulu ubulula kanye nokulula. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanganisa isitayela esilula ekwakhiweni kokupakisha itiye. Ngokusebenzisa imigqa ehlanzekile, ecacile kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemibala, kuhlanganiswe nezinto zesimanje, ungenza ukupakisha kwakho kube nesitayela futhi kube kwesimanje. Umklamo onjalo awukwazi nje ukuheha ukunaka kwentsha, kodwa futhi wenza izinhlobo zetiye zincintisane kakhulu emakethe.
Hlanganisaukupakishwa kokudlaukuklama kube isiko lendawo
Itiye, njengesiphuzo sendabuko, linezizinda zamasiko ezihlukile ezifundeni ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufaka izakhi zamasiko endawo ekwakhiweni kwephakeji. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa imidwebo yesiShayina noma izinhlamvu zesiShayina njengamaphethini ngesiShayinaukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiUkupakishwa kwetiye kungathuthukisa ukuxhumana ngokomzwelo phakathi komkhiqizo nabathengi futhi kwenze umkhiqizo uhluke kakhulu kuzwelonke.
Naka ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme
Namuhla, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo sekuyinkinga yomhlaba wonke. Ukunaka ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nentuthuko esimeme kungenye yezinto okumele zicatshangelwe ekwakhiweni kokupakisha itiye. Ungakhetha ukusebenzisa izinto ezibolayo emabhokisini okupakisha futhi ukhuthaze ukuvuselelwa kabusha ukuze unciphise umthelela omubi emvelweni.
Ukumodela okudala kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo
IUkupakishwa KokudlaUmbukiso ufunde ukuthi ngaphezu kokuhambisana kwamaphethini nemibala, ukuma kokudala kanye nokwakheka kwesakhiwo nakho kuyindlela enhle yokuheha ukunaka kwabathengi nokwandisa amaphuzu okuthengisa umkhiqizo. Isibonelo, ukwakheka okulula kokupakisha itiye kungaklanywa kube izimbali, izilwane noma ezinye izimo ezithakazelisayo ukuze kwenziwe ukupakisha itiye kube okuhlukile nokuhlukile.
Ekuphetheni
Umklamo wokupakisha itiye ngumsebenzi ophelele odinga ukucatshangelwa izici eziningi ezifana nezici zomkhiqizo, isidingo sabathengi, kanye nokuncintisana emakethe. Sebenzisa amasu okudala njengezinto zemvelo, isitayela esilula, izinto zamasiko endawo, kanye nemibono yokuvikela imvelo ukuze unikeze itiye impilo entsha futhi uthuthukise isithombe somkhiqizo kanye nokuncintisana emakethe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokupakisha imithi
Ukupakishwa kwemithi kuyingxenye ebalulekile embonini yemithi. Izinto zokupakisha kanye nezitsha ezithintana ngqo nemithi ziyizinto eziyisisekelo zemithi futhi zinomthelela obalulekile ekhwalithini yemithi kanye nokuphepha kwemithi. Ucwaningo ngemithiukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiIzinto zokupakisha kufanele zivumelane nokuthuthukiswa kwemithi, futhi ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo embonini yokupakisha imithi kufanele kwandiswe ukuze kuboniswe inqubomgomo yezimboni yezinto zokupakisha imithi, izindawo ezibalulekile zemikhiqizo kanye nezinkambu zobuchwepheshe, iziqondiso zokuthuthukiswa, njll.
Ingxenye ephezulu yochungechunge lwezimboni lwemboni yokupakisha imithi iyisixhumanisi sezinto zokusetshenziswa, esihlanganisa kakhulu insimbi, ingilazi, ipulasitiki, irabha, iphepha lokupakisha, njll.; ingxenye ephakathi yimboni yokupakisha imithi; ingxenye engezansi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali, amalungiselelo amakhemikhali, imithi yobunikazi yaseShayina, imithi ye-biopharmaceuticals kanye neminye insimu yemithi, ngakho-ke ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yemithi kuthinta kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokupakisha imithi.
Ukuhlaziywa ngesimo sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokupakisha imithi
I-Shenzhenukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiUmbukiso Wokupakisha uyaqonda ukuthi ngentuthuko esheshayo yomnotho waseShayina, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokuphila labantu kanye nokwenyuka kwezindleko zezokwelapha okubangelwa ukuguga kwabantu, ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi emisha kukhuphukile, ijubane lokuguqulwa kohlelo lokuphepha kwezokwelapha likhuphukile kanye nokwanda komshuwalense wezokwelapha kubantu abahlala emadolobheni, Imboni yemithi izoqhubeka nokugcina ukukhula okusheshayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi yezinto zokupakisha zemithi zaseShayina kanye nezinhlobo zokupakisha ziphansi kakhulu kunezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke. Emazweni athuthukile, ukupakisha kwemithi kubalwa u-30% wenani lemikhiqizo yemithi, kanti eShayina kungaphansi kuka-10%. Iminyaka embalwa ezayo izoba yisikhathi sokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo embonini yokupakisha yemithi yaseShayina.
Ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinga lezomnotho lezakhamuzi, ukuqwashisa ngempilo yabantu, kanye nokusheshisa inqubo yokuguga kwabantu bezwe lami eminyakeni yamuva nje kubangele ukuthi isidingo semakethe yemithi yezwe lami siqhubeke nokukhula, kanti nobukhulu bemboni yokukhiqiza imithi buqhubekile nokukhula, okuye kwaba yisici esibalulekile embonini yokupakisha imithi. Intuthuko inikeza ugqozi oluqinile. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2021, imali engenayo yokusebenza embonini yokukhiqiza imithi yezwe lami ngaphezu kosayizi oqokiwe ifinyelele ku-2.92885 billion yuan, okuwukwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-17.8%.
Ukuthuthukiswa kweukupakishwa kokudlakulo mongo
Njengomthwali wemithi, imithiukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiUkupakisha kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi yemithi ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwayo. Ngokuthuthuka kohlelo lwezempilo lwezwe lami eminyakeni yamuva nje, isimo esiphazamisekile nesingemuva sokupakisha imithi sizoshintsha kakhulu. Ngokuhambisana nentuthuko esheshayo yensimu yemithi engezansi embonini, kunikeze ugqozi oluqinile ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ubukhulu bemakethe yemboni yokupakisha imithi yezwe lami buzofinyelela ku-135.86 billion yuan ngo-2021, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-16%. Ngokombono wesakhiwo semakethe yemboni, imakethe yokupakisha yepulasitiki yezokwelapha yezwe lami inengxenye ephezulu kakhulu ngo-2021, ifinyelela ku-46.3%; kulandelwe amabhokisi okupakisha ensimbi yezokwelapha kanye nokupakisha kwengilazi yezokwelapha, okubalelwa ku-25.1% kanye no-16.5% ngokulandelana.
Imboni yezokwelapha yomhlaba wonke ithuthuke ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje.ukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiImboni yokupakisha insimbi yemithi iyingxenye ebalulekile yemboni yemithi futhi ingenise nesikhathi segolide sentuthuko esheshayo. Usayizi wemakethe yemboni yokupakisha insimbi yemithi yomhlaba wonke uzofinyelela ku-US$13.069 billion ngo-2022, lapho iNyakatho Melika izobala cishe amaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingu-3.597.%, kanti isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific sibala cishe amaRandi angu-31.12%.
Uma sibheka isimo samabhizinisi embonini eMbukisweni Wokupakisha waseShenzhen, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yemboni yokupakisha imithi yezwe lami eminyakeni yamuva nje, inani lamabhizinisi embonini nalo liqhubekile nokukhula, kodwa ngokuvamile yizinkampani ezincane kakhulu ezinamazinga aphansi okuphatha kanye nentuthuko yemikhiqizo emisha kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha. Ukusetshenziswa okwanele. Ngokuqiniswa kokuqondisa kuzwelonke kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezithiyo zokungena, ukuhlushwa kwemboni kuqhubekile nokukhula. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi inani lezinkampani ezibhalisiwe embonini yokupakisha yezokwelapha yezwe lami ngo-2021 lingu-2,727, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka okungu-71.3%.
Njengamanje, isakhiwo semboni yokupakisha imithi yezwe lami sihlukene kakhulu. Izinkampani zokupakisha imithi zasekhaya ikakhulukazi ziyizinkampani ezincane neziphakathi nendawo, ezigxile kakhulu emakethe aphakathi nendawo naphansi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba amazinga okupakisha imithi eba nzima kakhulu, izinkampani zasekhaya ziya emakethe ephezulu ngokwandisa utshalomali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, futhi ukuhlushwa kwemboni kuyanda kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlushwa kusekuncane, futhi umphumela wesikali wezinkampani ezihamba phambili awubonakali kahle. Ngokukhethekile, ngo-2019, i-CR3 yemboni yokupakisha imithi yezwe lami yayingu-5.11%, kanti i-CR5 yayingu-5.69%. Ngo-2020, i-CR3 yemboni izokhuphuka ifike ku-6.16%, kanti i-CR5 izokhuphuka ifike ku-6.69.
Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kweukupakishwa kokudla
Imikhiqizo eyinhloko emakethe yokupakisha imithi ifaka amabhodlela engilazi, amabhodlela epulasitiki, i-aluminium foil, ukupakishwa kwe-aluminium-plastic, ukupakishwa kwephepha, njll. Phakathi kwazo, amabhodlela epulasitiki kanye nokupakishwa kwe-aluminium-plastic kubalwa njengengxenye ekhulayo yemakethe yokupakisha imithi ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo njengokuba lula, hhayi ukubuthakathaka, nokuba nezakhiwo ezinhle zokuvimbela. Ubukhulu bemakethe yemboni yokupakisha imithi buhlobene eduze nesilinganiso sokuthengisa semithi. Njengoba ukuthengiswa kwemithi emhlabeni wonke kukhula unyaka nonyaka, isilinganiso semakethe yokupakisha imithi naso siyakhula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwemithiukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiImboni yokupakisha nayo ithintwa yizici ezahlukahlukene ezifana nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, izinqubomgomo nemithethonqubo, kanye nezimfuneko zokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
Isibikezelo sezindlela zentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yezokwelaphaukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiimboni yokupakisha
Ngokuthuthuka kokuqwashisa ngemvelo, izinkampani eziningi seziqalile ukunaka izindaba zokuvikelwa kwemvelo, zikhuthaza izinto zokwakha kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezinobungani nemvelo, futhi zinciphise ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha embonini yokupakisha imithi kuyaqhubeka nokuvela. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha njengokupakisha okuhlakaniphile kanye ne-nanotechnology kuzoletha amathuba amasha okuthuthukiswa embonini yokupakisha imithi.
Ngokuhlukahluka kwesidingo sabathengi semithiukupakishwa kwebha yetshokolethiUkupakisha, ukwenza ngokwezifiso komuntu siqu kuzoba umkhuba obalulekile embonini yokupakisha imithi. Amabhizinisi angenza ngokwezifiso imikhiqizo yokupakisha ehlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende. Ikhwalithi nokuphepha: Ikhwalithi yokupakisha imithi ihlobene ngqo nokuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwemithi. Ngakho-ke, izinkampani zokupakisha imithi zidinga ukuthuthukisa njalo ikhwalithi nokuphepha komkhiqizo ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwemithi. Imboni yokupakisha imithi inamathuba abanzi entuthuko yesikhathi esizayo, kodwa izinkampani zidinga ukunaka izinkinga zemvelo, ziqinise ubuchwepheshe obusha, futhi zithuthukise ikhwalithi nokuphepha komkhiqizo ukuze zivumelane nezinguquko nezidingo zemakethe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-27-2024
