Ithuba lentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yendabukoiphephaukupakishwa
Ukuhlaziywa kwemboni:
1. Ukuhlaziywa kwesimo semboni:
Imboni yokupakisha amaphepha:
Ukupakisha amaphepha kubhekisela ephepheni eliyisisekelo njengezinto eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa, ngokusebenzisa ukuphrinta nezinye izinqubo zokucubungula ezenzelwe ukuvikela nokukhuthazwa kwemikhiqizo yokupakisha, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa amabhokisi emibala, amabhokisi, izincwadi zemiyalelo, izitika ezinamathelayo, izinto zokufaka i-buffer kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi, ukupakisha amaphepha “kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibanzi, okubalwa kuzo ingxenye ephansi yezindleko zomkhiqizo, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza, ukuphathwa okulula kwempahla, ukugcinwa okulula kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kanye nezinye izinzuzo eziningi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo yokupakisha amaphepha ikwazile ukufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha ngokhuni, ukupakisha ngepulasitiki, ukupakisha ngengilazi, ukupakisha nge-aluminium, ukupakisha ngensimbi, ukupakisha ngensimbi nezinye izinhlobo zokupakisha, futhi ububanzi bokufaka bubanzi kakhulu.
Njengamanje, iShayina yakhe iPearl River Delta, iYangtze River Delta kanye neBohai Bay. Indawo yezomnotho, iCentral Plains Economic Zone kanye nezindawo eziphakathi nendawo zeYangtze River Economic belt, lezi zindawo ezinhlanu zemboni yokupakisha amaphepha zithatha ngaphezu kuka-60% wemakethe yemboni yokupakisha amaphepha kazwelonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokupakisha amaphepha, imithetho nemigomo yokuvikela imvelo iya ngokuya iqina, ukuncintisana kwemakethe okunamandla kuya ngokuya kucindezela isikhala senzuzo yamabhizinisi, okuholela ekutheni amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi aqedwe kancane kancane, inani lamabhizinisi embonini liyancipha unyaka nonyaka, futhi ukwakheka kwezimboni kuvame ukuba nengqondo. Amanye amabhokisi eholide athandwayo, njengeIbhokisi letshokolethi losuku lwezithandani, i-truffleibhokisi likashokoledi, ibhokisi likashokoledi elimise okwenhliziyo likaGodiva, ibhokisi likashokoledi lesitrobheli, ibhokisi lewayini nelikashokoledi,ibhokisi losuku, abantu bazimisele ukukhokha intengo ephezulu ukuze bathenge, kodwa futhi bavame ukukhetha ukuthenga amaphakheji ahlukile kakhulu.Ugwayiibhokisi,i-hempibhokisi, i-vapeibhokisi, intuthu umshini wokugayafuthi isibe ngomunye wemikhiqizo ethengiswa kakhulu eShayina.
Isigaba sokupakisha amaphepha:
Ukupakisha amaphepha kungahlukaniswa kube ukupakisha okulahlwayo kanye nokupakisha okuhlala isikhathi eside ngokwendlela yokupakisha. Ukupakisha okulahlwayo kubhekisela efomini yokupakisha ethintana ngqo nokupakisha, okusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukupakisha izimpahla zabathengi njengemishini yezokwelapha, izidakamizwa, ukudla, uketshezi oluhlanzekile, kanye namakhemikhali ansuku zonke. Ukupakisha okuhlala isikhathi eside kuvame ukubhekisela ephaketheni elinesendlalelo sangaphandle esivikelayo, kanti ukupakisha okuhlala isikhathi eside kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukunikeza isikhala esisemthethweni kanye nokuvikelwa okungcono kokupakisha kwangaphakathi.
Ngokusho komsebenzi wokupakisha, ihlukaniswe ngokupakisha amaphepha ajwayelekile, ukupakisha amaphepha enhloso ekhethekile, ukupakisha amaphepha okudla kanye nokupakisha amaphepha okunyathelisa. Ukupakisha amaphepha enhloso ejwayelekile kwakhiwe kakhulu ngephepha eliyisisekelo kanye nekhadibhodi, amafomu avamile amabhokisi, izingxenye, izikhwama zamaphepha kanye namabhokisi, njll. Ukupakisha amaphepha enhloso ekhethekile kwakhiwe kakhulu ngephepha lokugoqa elingangeni mafutha, iphepha lokugoqa elingangeni umswakama, iphepha elingagqwali, elisetshenziselwa imishini emikhulu kanye nemishini kanye nokupakisha imikhiqizo yensimbi, ukupakisha amaphepha okudla kokudla, iziphuzo kanye neminye imikhakha yokupakisha. Amafomu avamile yiphepha lokugcoba ukudla, iphepha eliyisisekelo lokupakisha amaswidi, njll., ukupakisha amaphepha okunyathelisa kubhekisela kungqimba olungaphezulu olunekhadibhodi lokunamathisela eliprintiwe kuphawu lokuhweba olwenziwe ngamabhokisi ekhadibhodi kanye namanye amaphepha okusetshenziswa ukupakisha, amafomu avamile anephepha elimhlophe lebhodi, ikhadibhodi elimhlophe njalo njalo.
2. Ukuhlaziywa kochungechunge lwezimboni:
Uchungechunge lwemboni yokupakisha amaphepha yaseShayina kusukela phezulu kuya phansi lungahlukaniswa lube abahlinzeki bezinto zokusetshenziswa eziphezulu, abakhiqizi bokupakisha amaphepha abaphakathi kanye nezimboni zezicelo ezingezansi.
Phezulu komfula:
Imboni yokunyathelisa nokupakisha amaphepha ihlinzeka kakhulu embonini yamaphepha ngephepha elimhlophe, iphepha elinamathelayo eliphindwe kabili, iphepha elimboziwe, iphepha elihlanganisiwe neminye imikhiqizo yephepha eliyisisekelo, kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini yokupakisha enikeza izinto ezisizayo zokunyathelisa ezifana neyinki, uyinki kanye neglue embonini.
Imboni yephepha iyimboni ebalulekile embonini yokupakisha, ngokusho kwemikhiqizo ehlukene embonini yokunyathelisa nokupakisha amaphepha, izindleko zokunyathelisa nokupakisha imikhiqizo yezinto zokusetshenziswa zamaphepha ezisukela ku-30% kuya ku-80%, ngakho-ke imboni yokupakisha, ikakhulukazi intuthuko yemboni yephepha kanye namanani ephepha ayisisekelo kuzoba nomthelela oqondile ezingeni lenzuzo yemboni yokupakisha amaphepha.
Ngokuphathelene nemishini yokupakisha amaphepha nemishini, izinga lobuchwepheshe lemishini yokupakisha amabhokisi yaseShayina liphansi kakhulu kunamazwe athuthukile aseNtshonalanga, futhi liphansi kakhulu emncintiswaneni wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, ukusebenza, ikhwalithi, ukuthembeka, insizakalo, njll., ukukhethekile kwemishini yokupakisha amaphepha nemishini kuphakeme, futhi kunezithiyo zobuchwepheshe eziphezulu. Imishini eyinhloko emhlabeni ibilokhu ithuthuka ngendlela yedijithali, ukuxhumana, isivinini esikhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphansi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwabantu. Imishini nemishini yemboni yokupakisha amaphepha yaseShayina isancike kakhulu ekungenisweni kwempahla ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusemuva, ngakho-ke amandla okuxoxisana amabhizinisi emishini yokupakisha amaphepha aphezulu nemishini aphezulu.
Ukusakaza Okuphakathi:
Embonini yokupakisha amaphepha ephakathi nendawo, ngenxa yemali ephansi kanye nomkhawulo wezobuchwepheshe embonini yokupakisha amaphepha, amabhizinisi amancane okupakisha amaphepha aphansi ochungechungeni lwemboni ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo, izinga eliphansi lomkhiqizo, ukuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo kuyinto enkulu, ukuncintisana okukhulu komunye nomunye, kanti izinga lenzuzo kanye namandla okuxoxisana kuphansi kakhulu. Amabhizinisi amakhulu embonini ngenxa yezinzuzo zesikali kanye namandla aqinile obuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke lapho kubhekene nokuqina kwenqubomgomo yemvelo kanye nokwenyuka kwamanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinye izici zinamandla aphezulu okuqina, i-Yutong Technology, i-Hexing packaging, amasheya e-Donggang, kanye namanye amabhizinisi amakhulu avele kancane kancane embonini, ukugxilwa kwemakethe kuthuthuka kakhulu. Lawa mabhizinisi okupakisha amaphepha aphezulu anezinga eliphezulu lenzuzo kanye namandla okuxoxisana embonini ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo zesikali esikhulu, izindleko zokuthenga izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphansi, izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe, isidingo esikhulu somkhiqizo kanye nenani eliphezulu elengeziwe.
Ezansi komfula:
Ingxenye engezansi yochungechunge lwemboni yokupakisha amaphepha eShayina ikakhulukazi ukudla, iziphuzo, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, imithi, izimpahla zamasiko, izinto zikagesi kanye nezimboni zokulethwa okusheshayo. Phakathi kwazo, imboni yabathengi be-elekthronikhi, imboni yokudla nogwayi notshwala inesidingo esikhulu sokupakisha amaphepha. Ngokuthuthuka okukhulu kwezindinganiso zokuphila zabantu baseShayina, isakhiwo sesidingo sabathengi siyaguqulwa futhi sithuthukiswa, kanti isidingo semikhiqizo yokupakisha sithuthukisiwe sisuka emsebenzini wokuqala wokuvikela ukupakisha ukuze sibonise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nezidingo zezinga labathengi. Amakhasimende aphansi ezinkampani ezinkulu zokupakisha amaphepha ikakhulukazi amakhasimende amakhulu ekhwalithi ephezulu, amakhasimende anjalo anokwazi okuphezulu komkhiqizo kanye nenzuzo enamandla. Inezidingo eziphezulu zekhwalithi yokupakisha amaphepha kanye nokuzinza kokuhlinzekwa, futhi isidingo samakhasimende embonini yezicelo eziphansi sinendima ebalulekile egxile ekuthuthukisweni kwamabhizinisi aphakathi okupakisha amaphepha, ngakho-ke inamandla aphezulu okuxoxisana ochungechungeni lwezimboni.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwemodeli yebhizinisi
Imodeli yebhizinisi yezinkampani eziningi embonini yile: ukuthola izinto zokusetshenziswa kubahlinzeki abaphezulu, ukuhlinzeka ngensizakalo eyodwa yokukhiqiza, ukukhonza amakhasimende ngaphakathi kwerediyasi yesevisi elinganiselwe, bese wenza inzuzo ngayo. Le modeli inezinkinga ezithile: maqondana nokuthengwa, ukugxilwa kwemboni ephezulu kuphezulu, amabhizinisi anelungelo elikhulu lokukhuluma, futhi amandla okuxoxisana amabhizinisi okupakisha amaphepha aphansi kakhulu: maqondana nocwaningo nentuthuko yomkhiqizo, umkhawulo wezobuchwepheshe wemboni uphansi, kanye nekhono lokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha lamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi liphansi; Mayelana nokukhiqiza kanye nokukhiqiza, ukuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo kukhulu, iprimiyamu yomkhiqizo iphansi, isikhala senzuzo sincane, ukuthunyelwa kanye nokuhamba, irediyasi yesevisi yebhizinisi ilinganiselwe, okungasizi ekwandiseni ukumbozwa kwamakhasimende.
Imodeli yebhizinisi lesisombululo esiphelele sokupakisha
Ngaphezu kokukhiqiza imikhiqizo yokupakisha yamakhasimende, siphinde sinikeze isethi ephelele yezinsizakalo ezifana nokuklama ukupakisha, ukuthengwa komuntu wesithathu, ukusatshalaliswa kwempahla, kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla. Isixazululo sokupakisha sisonke sivela e-United States futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi eYurophu nasezindaweni ezithuthukisiwe zase-United States, sesiyindlela yokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wokupakisha womhlaba wonke. Izixazululo zokupakisha zishintsha ukugxila kwabahlinzeki bokupakisha kusuka kumkhiqizo uqobo kuya ekuxazululeni izinkinga zangempela zamakhasimende, futhi zithengisa ikhambi eliphelele elihlanganisa izinto zokupakisha kanye nezinsizakalo zochungechunge lokupakisha kumakhasimende njengomkhiqizo. Imodeli yebhizinisi le-Packaging Total Solution idlulisela ukuphathwa nokulawulwa kochungechunge lokupakisha kumhlinzeki oyedwa wokupakisha, okunciphisa ngempumelelo izindleko zokusebenza zamakhasimende angaphansi komkhakha webhizinisi wendabuko womkhakha wokunyathelisa nokupakisha.
4. Indawo yemakethe:
Ukupakisha amaphepha ngo-2023 kulindeleke ukuthi kube cishe yisikhala semakethe esingamabhiliyoni angu-540. Ngokusho kwedatha kaKearney, usayizi jikelele wemboni yokupakisha ngo-2021 ungama-$202.8 billion, lapho isikali sokupakisha amaphepha singama-$75.7 billion, okubalwa u-37%, okuyisilinganiso esikhulu kunazo zonke kuthrekhi yokupakisha ehlukanisiwe: Ngokusho kwesibikezelo sika-2021-2023, isikali semboni yokupakisha amaphepha yaseShayina sikhuphuke sisuka ku-$75.7 billion saya ku-$83.7 billion, nge-CAGR engu-5.2%. Izici zayo eziyinhloko ziqhutshwa ukushintshwa kwepulasitiki yamaphepha, ukuthuthukiswa kokusetshenziswa kanye nokukhula kwezingxenye ezahlukene zemboni ezansi.
NgoJanuwari 2020, iKhomishini Yentuthuko Nokuguqulwa Kazwelonke kanye noMnyango Wezemvelo Nezemvelo bakhiphe "Imibono Yokuqinisa Kakhulu Ukulawulwa Kokungcola Kwepulasitiki". Ekupheleni kuka-2022, ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo kuzoncishiswa kakhulu, futhi ngo-2025, ukungcola kwepulasitiki kuzolawulwa ngempumelelo. Ngokusho kwedatha ye-China Business Information Network, inani lomkhiqizo wemboni yokupakisha ipulasitiki kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-455.5 ngo-2021, futhi isikhala sokufaka esikhundleni sokupakisha amaphepha sikhulu kakhulu.
5. Njengesixhumanisi esibalulekile ekusakazweni kwezimpahla, imboni yokupakisha inamathuba amakhulu okuthuthuka. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
Ukwanda kwesidingo semakethe: Ngokuthuthuka komnotho kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokuphila labantu, isidingo semakethe sokupakisha okuseqophelweni eliphezulu siyaqhubeka nokukhula. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyipulatifomu yendabuko yokuthengisa noma ye-e-commerce, ukupakisha imikhiqizo kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ubuhle babathengi kanye nesidingo sokupakisha nakho kuyanda, futhi banezidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi nokusebenza.
Ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwe-inthanethi eShayina kuholele ekukhuleni kwezentengiselwano ze-e-commerce, njengoba abathengi abaningi bekhetha ukuthenga ku-inthanethi. Lokhu kwenza isidingo sokupakisha kwe-e-commerce sikhule, futhi imboni yokupakisha ibhekene namathuba nezinselelo ezinkulu zemakethe. Ukupakisha imikhiqizo kumapulatifomu e-e-commerce akudingi nje kuphela ukuba nomsebenzi wokuvikela izimpahla nokuheha abathengi, kodwa futhi nokuzivumelanisa nezidingo ezikhethekile zezokuthutha kanye nokusabalalisa.
Okwesithathu, imikhiqizo ecebile ngokwandayo, ukuqwashisa ngemvelo okuthuthukisiwe: ngokukhuthazwa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha, imikhiqizo evela kuzo zonke izigaba zokuphila iyaqhubeka nokuvela, futhi ukuncintisana emakethe kuya ngokuya kuba kubi kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ukupakisha sekuyindlela ebalulekile yokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo, futhi ukwakheka nemisebenzi eyingqayizivele kube yisihluthulelo sokuheha abathengi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhathazeka kwabathengi kanye nesidingo sokupakisha okunobungani nemvelo nakho kuye kwanda, okukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezinobungani nemvelo kanye nokupakisha okusimeme.
Okwesine, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha: imboni yokupakisha ithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Imishini ethuthukisiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bezinqubo kwenza ukukhiqizwa kokupakisha kube ngcono futhi kunembile, kanti ukuphindaphinda kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta nesakhiwo nakho kuletha amathuba amaningi okuklama ukupakisha. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kwenza imboni yokupakisha ibe nobuhlakani futhi ibe ngeyomuntu siqu, futhi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi kanye nesithombe sokupakisha ngenkathi kuhlangatshezwana nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye zabathengi.
Esimweni semakethe esincintisana kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa nokucubungula amaphakheji okuvamile akukwazanga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamabhizinisi omkhiqizo. Izinkampani zomkhiqizo zidinga izinsizakalo ezibanzi kakhulu kanye nenani elikhulu lenkonzo, hhayi nje ukukhiqizwa kwamaphakheji okulula. Ngakho-ke, imboni yamaphakheji idinga ukuthuthuka ngendlela ehlanganisiwe kakhulu futhi enendawo eyodwa. Hlanganisa amamojula esevisi ahlobene njengokuhlela umkhiqizo, ukumaketha komkhiqizo kanye nokupakisha okuhlela ukuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ezigcwele zamabhizinisi omkhiqizo ukusiza imikhiqizo ukufeza umgomo wokuthengisa kahle.
Kukholelwa ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, izinkampani eziningi zokupakisha zizoqhubeka nokushintsha kwesidingo semakethe, zihlale zisungula izinto ezintsha futhi zithuthukise amazinga esevisi, zinikeze amakhasimende ukuhlela komkhiqizo kobungcweti, ukumaketha komkhiqizo kanye nokuklama ukupakisha, futhi zikhuthaze ngokubambisana intuthuko yemboni yokupakisha.
Esikhathini esizayo, kuzosetshenziswa izinto ezinobungani nemvelo, ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto eziluhlaza, eziphinde zisetshenziswe kabusha kuyinjongo yethu efanayo..Ukuvikela umhlaba kuhlale kungumsebenzi wethu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-15-2023
