Lo mkhuba ojwayelekile uqhubekisela phambili isidingo se-pulp yokhuni, okulindeleke ukuthi sikhule ngesilinganiso sonyaka esingu-2.5% esikhathini esizayo.
Nakuba imakethe isalokhu igcwele ukungaqiniseki kwezomnotho, izitayela eziyisisekelo zizoqhubeka nokukhuthaza isidingo sesikhathi eside se-pulp yokhuni enezinhloso eziningi, ekhiqizwe ngokwethembeka.amabhokisi e-chocolate esipho
Ngo-2022, ngaphansi komthelela omubi wokusheshisa ukwehla kwamandla emali, ukwenyuka kwezinga lenzalo kanye nokungqubuzana phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, ukukhula komnotho womhlaba kulindeleke ukuthi kwehle. Lokhu futhi kunemiphumela eqondile nengaqondile emakethe yomhlaba wonke yezinkuni.
“Kungase kube nokuxokozela kwesikhathi esifushane emakethe yezinkuni,” kusho uJohn Litvay, umlingani enkampanini yokubonisana iBrian McClay & Associates (BMA).ibhokisi leshokoledi elimhlophe
Ngokusekelwe esibikezelweni sokukhula komnotho womhlaba wonke okuhamba kancane, i-BMA yehlise isibikezelo sayo sokukhula kwemakethe ye-wood pulp ngo-2022 nango-2023. Ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kulindeleke ukuthi kube ngu-1.7% ngonyaka.
Umqondisi Wezokubonisana Nokuphathwa kwe-AFRY uTomi Amberla uyavuma ukuthi umbono wesikhathi esifushane uyinselele kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Ukwehla kwamandla emali, ukukhula komnotho okuhamba kancane kanye nesimo sezepolitiki somhlaba wonke kungaholela ekwehleni kwesidingo sezinkuni.ushokoledi webhokisi
“Isidingo sama-pulp siyashintsha minyaka yonke. Sithinteka kakhulu yintuthuko yezomnotho jikelele,” kusho yena.
ukukhula kwesikhathi eside kanye nokuzinza
Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bathi amathuba okukhula kwesikhathi eside emakethe ye-wood pulp awakashintshi.
“Silindele ukuthi eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20 ezayo, isidingo se-pulp yokhuni sizokhula ngesilinganiso sonyaka esingu-2.5%,” kusho uLitvay.
Ocwaningweni olwenziwe ngonyaka odlule kwi-Federation of Finnish Forest Industries, i-AFRY ilinganisele ukuthi imakethe yomhlaba wonke yezinkuni izokhula ngesilinganiso esingu-1-3% ngonyaka kuze kube ngu-2035. U-Amberla uthe leso silinganiso sisasebenza.
U-Oliver Lansdell, umqondisi wenkampani yokubonisana iHawkins Wright, uthe into ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwemakethe ye-pulp yokhuni ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kwephepha lezicubu, ikakhulukazi ezimakethe ezisafufusa. Iningi lephepha lezicubu lenziwe nge-pulp yemakethe.izindlela zokupheka zekhekhe elifakwe ebhokisini leshokoledi
“Ekuhambeni kwesikhathi, silindele ukuthi isidingo sephepha lezicubu sikhule ngesilinganiso esingu-2% kuya ku-3% ngonyaka.” Walinganisela.
Umkhuba ojwayelekile usekela ukukhula kwesidingo
Ukusetshenziswa kwezicubu kuhlobene kakhulu nemikhuba emikhulu efana nokukhula kwezindawo zasemadolobheni kanye namandla okuthenga abathengi, okusakhula, ikakhulukazi emazweni asafufusa.
"Ama-megatrends omhlaba wonke asekela ukukhula kwesidingo se-pulp yokhuni oluyisisekelo, ngokusetshenziswa okwandayo kwebhodi lokupakisha kanye nemikhiqizo yezicubu. Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sokukhula kwesidingo sesikhathi eside. Vele, kuzoqhubeka nokuba nokujikeleza unyaka nonyaka Ukuguquguquka, ”kusho u-Amberla.
Isibonelo esiyinhloko sesigaba somkhiqizo okhulayo yimikhiqizo yokuhlanzeka eyenziwe ngezicubu, njengephepha lasendlini yangasese, iphepha lasendlini yangasese, kanye namaduku.ibhokisi likashokoledi likaWhitman
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba amazinga okuphila ezakhamuzi emazweni asafufusa ethuthuka, isidingo sephepha elisekelwe epulangwe kanye nezinye izinto zokupakisha siyakhula. Abathengi abaningi bathenga ukudla okupakishiwe ezitolo zokudla esikhundleni sokuya ezimakethe zendabuko.
Imboni yokuthenga online ekhula ngokushesha idinga nezinto zokupakisha ezengeziwe ukuze ithuthe imikhiqizo.
I-fiber yokhuni esikhundleni sepulasitiki
ULansdell uthe ukuguquka okuluhlaza emhlabeni wonke ukusuka ezintweni zokusetshenziswa kwezinto zakudala kukhulisa isidingo se-pulp yokhuni. Izinto ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sazo kumele zivuselelwe futhi zibe nomphumela ophansi wekhabhoni. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ngemboni yokupakisha, efuna izixazululo zokufaka esikhundleni sepulasitiki ezitsheni ezilahlwayo kanye nasekupakisheni ukudla.
“Abantu babheka nezindlela zokusebenzisa ifayibha esikhundleni samabhodlela epulasitiki. Kudingeka kokubili ifayibha ephinde yasetshenziswa kanye nentsha kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza. Sizobona nakanjani izinto ezintsha ezisekelwe kufayibha yokhuni eminyakeni embalwa ezayo,” kusho yena.ibhokisi lexoxo likashokoledi
Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuqhutshwa ngumthetho ovimbela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo evela emithonjeni yakudala. Isibonelo, i-European Union ivimbele eminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki esetshenziswa kanye, futhi amazwe amaningi avimbele ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki.
ULitvay ukhombe ukuthi imicu yendwangu esekelwe ku-pulp yokhuni nayo izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emakethe yendwangu yomhlaba wonke esikhathini esizayo.
"Isidingo semicu yendwangu ekhiqizwa ngendlela eqhubekayo sizoqhubeka nokukhula njengoba izinto ezisekelwe kuphethiloli zithathelwa indawo ngezinye izindlela ezingalimazi imvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutshalwa kwekotini kungaphansi kwengcindezi njengoba kusebenzisa amanzi amaningi futhi kusebenzisa indawo etholakalayo yokukhiqiza ukudla,” kusho yena.isitoreji sedatha yebhokisi
ULansdell uyavuma ukuthi izindwangu ezenziwe ngemicu yokhuni zizothuthuka eminyakeni ezayo.
"IFinland iyiphayona elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe obusha. Nakuba ukukhiqizwa kusabiza kakhulu, izindleko ziyehla. Ithuba likhulu kakhulu. Abathengi, ohulumeni kanye nezinhlangano ezizimele bafuna ezinye izindlela esikhundleni se-polyester kanye nekotini."
Isidingo sayo yonke imikhiqizo ye-pulp yokhuni
Yonke imikhiqizo ye-pulp yokhuni inamathuba amahle okukhula kwesikhathi eside, kusho u-Amberla.
"I-Megatrends izoba nomthelela omuhle ekudingweni kwezinkuni ezithambile ezifakwe umbala ophuzi nezingenambala kanye ne-hardwood pulp."
Izicelo ezifana nezicubu, izinto zokupakisha kanye nephepha lasehhovisi zidinga ukhuni oluthambile olufakwe umbala oluhlaza kanye nokhuni oluqinile. Isidingo se-pulp yokhuni olungacwebezeli sibangelwa ukupakisha, okudingekayo ukuthutha izinto zokuthenga online kanye nokudla.
“Isidingo se-pulp yokhuni olungacwebezelisiwe siyanda ngenxa yemikhawulo yokungenisa eChina ephepheni eliphinde lasetshenziswa. Ekukhiqizweni kwamabhodi okupakisha, i-fiber entsha idinga ukushintshwa,” kusho uLitvay.ibhokisi lokubhalisela ubusuku bokuqomisana
Ukulima Okuluhlaza Komhlaba Wonke Okuvela Ezintweni Ezingavuthiwe Zezinsalela
Ushintsho lukhulisa isidingo se-pulp yokhuni.
Silindele ukuthi eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20 ezayo,
Isidingo se-pulp yezinkuni sizokhula ngesilinganiso sonyaka esingu-2.5%.
Ukugxila Ekukhuleni Ezimakethe zase-Asia
Esikhathini esizayo, iShayina izodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-pulp yokhuni. Isabelo seShayina sokusetshenziswa kwe-pulp emakethe sesikhuphuke safinyelela cishe ku-40%.
"Imboni yephepha nebhodi lamaphepha yaseShayina isivele inkulu kakhulu futhi izoqhubeka nokukhula eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, kodwa ngesivinini esiphansi. Kodwa-ke, kungase kungabi khona i-fiber eyanele yasekhaya," kusho uLansdell.okubhaliselwe kwebhokisi ledethi
Ngaphezu kweShayina, isidingo se-pulp yezinkuni kwamanye amazwe asafufusa siyakhula. Isibonelo, i-Indonesia, iVietnam, ne-India zonke zinezigaba eziphakathi ezikhulayo, yize zisezigabeni ezahlukene zentuthuko.
I-Indian Paper Manufacturers Association (IPMA) ilindele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwephepha eNdiya kukhule ngo-6-7% eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.
"Ezindaweni ezikhula ngokushesha emhlabeni, kunokuntuleka kwezinkuni. I-pulp yemakethe iyindlela engabizi kakhulu yezinto zokusetshenziswa zemishini yamaphepha yendawo, ngoba akwehlisi ukuthutha imikhiqizo efana nephepha lezicubu ngaphesheya kolwandle." kusho u-Amberla.
Isidingo somhlaba wonke se-pulp yokhuni siphinde sabangelwa ukwehla kwenani le-fiber esetshenziswe kabusha esezingeni eliphezulu ngenxa yokwehla kokusetshenziswa kwephepha lokunyathelisa nokubhala eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, waphawula.
"Ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo emisha, iphepha elingasetshenziswa kabusha elingatholakali kumele lithathelwe indawo yi-fiber entsha."
Ukwenyuka kokuguquguquka emakethe ye-pulp yezinkuni
Ukubikezela amanani e-pulp yokhuni akukaze kube lula, futhi u-Amberla uthe ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwentengo kuletha izinselele ezengeziwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iShayina iba ngomunye wabathengi abakhulu emhlabeni be-pulp yokhuni.
"Imakethe ye-wood pulp yaseShayina iwukuqagela ngokwemvelo. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuphezulu komkhiqizo wemishini yokugaya i-wood pulp yendawo, ukukhula komthamo wokukhiqiza i-wood pulp yaseShayina kuzokwandisa ukuguquguquka."
Uma amanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa zokhuni zasekhaya kanye nezingcezu zokhuni ezingenisiwe ephansi, kuyasiza ukugcina imishini yokugaya isebenza ngokugcwele. Endabeni yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibizayo, kusetshenziswa i-pulp ethengiswayo kakhulu ekwenzeni iphepha eShayina.ibhokisi lobusuku bokuqomisana
Izinguquko ekuhlinzekweni kwe-pulp yezinkuni emhlabeni wonke ziye zandisa ukuguquguquka emakethe ye-pulp yezinkuni yomhlaba wonke. U-Amberla uthe ukushaqeka kwakamuva kokunikezwa kube kubi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile ngezizathu eziningana.
Ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 luphazamise uchungechunge lokukhiqiza kanye nokunikezwa kwempahla kwamanye amafektri eNyakatho Melika nakwezinye izindawo. Ukuminyana emachwebeni amakhulu kanye nokuntuleka kwama-container ngezikhathi ezithile nakho kuthinte ukuthunyelwa kwe-pulp.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nakho kuthinta imakethe yezinkuni. Izimo zezulu ezingavamile ziye zaphazamisa ukusebenza kwezitshalo zokukhiqiza eCanada, isibonelo, kanye nezikhukhula kanye nokudilika komhlaba okubangelwe yizimvula ezinkulu ngonyaka odlule kwaphazamisa ukuxhumana kwemigwaqo kanye nezitimela eBritish Columbia.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-22-2023
