Indasitiri yemapepa muEurope iri mudambudziko remagetsi
Kutanga muhafu yechipiri yegore ra2021, kunyanya kubva mugore ra2022, kukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu zvekugadzira nemagetsi kwakaita kuti indasitiri yemapepa muEurope ive munjodzi, zvichiwedzera kuvharwa kwemakambani madiki nepakati ekugadzira mapepa nemapepa muEurope. Pamusoro pezvo, kukwira kwemitengo yemapepa kwakakanganisawo zvakanyanya kudhinda, kurongedza nemamwe maindasitiri.
Kusawirirana pakati peRussia neUkraine kwawedzera dambudziko remagetsi kumakambani emapepa ekuEurope
Kubva pakamuka kusawirirana pakati peRussia neUkraine kutanga kwa2022, makambani mazhinji epamusoro epepa muEurope akazivisa kubuda kwavo muRussia. Mukati mekubuda muRussia, kambani iyi yakadyawo mari yakawanda yakadai sevashandi, zviwanikwa zvekushandisa uye zviwanikwa zvemari, izvo zvakatyora nhanho yekutanga yekambani. Nekushata kwehukama hweRussia neEurope, mupi wegesi rechisikigo weRussia Gazprom akasarudza kuderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwegesi rechisikigo inopihwa kuEurope kuburikidza nepaipi yeNord Stream 1. Makambani emaindasitiri munyika zhinji dzeEurope anogona kutora matanho akasiyana-siyana ekuderedza kushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo.
Kubva pakatanga dambudziko reUkraine, pombi yegesi yechisikigo ye "North Stream", inova ndiyo nzira huru yesimba muEurope, yave ichikwezva vanhu. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, mitsetse mitatu yemapazi epombi yeNord Stream yakakuvara "zvisati zvamboitika" panguva imwe chete. Kukuvara uku hakuna kumboitika. Hazvigoneki kudzoreredza kuwanikwa kwegesi. fungidzira. Indasitiri yemapepa muEurope iri kukanganiswawo zvakanyanya nedambudziko resimba rinokonzereswa. Kumiswa kwechinguvana kwekugadzirwa, kuderedzwa kwekugadzirwa kana kushandurwa kwesimba kwave nzira dzakajairika dzekudzivirira makambani emapepa muEurope.
Sekureva kwe2021 European Paper Industry Report yakaburitswa neEuropean Confederation of the Paper Industry (CEPI), nyika huru dzeEurope dzinogadzira mapepa nemakadhibhodhi ndiGermany, Italy, Sweden neFinland, pakati padzo Germany ndiyo inonyanya kugadzira mapepa nemakadhibhodhi muEurope. Italy iri 25.5% muEurope, Sweden iri 10.6%, Sweden neFinland dziri 9.9% ne9.6% zvichiteerana, uye goho redzimwe nyika diki. Zvinonzi kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuwanikwa kwesimba munzvimbo dzakakosha, hurumende yeGermany iri kufunga kutora matanho akanyanya ekuderedza kuwanikwa kwesimba munzvimbo dzimwe, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kuvharwa kwemafekitori mumaindasitiri mazhinji anosanganisira makemikari, aruminiyamu nepepa. Russia ndiyo inonyanya kupa simba kunyika dzeEurope kusanganisira Germany. 40% yegasi rechisikigo reEU ne27% yemafuta anotengwa kunze kwenyika anopihwa neRussia, uye 55% yegasi rechisikigo reGermany rinobva kuRussia. Saka, kuti tigadzirise gasi rekuRussia. Matambudziko asina kukwana, Germany yakazivisa kutanga kwe "chirongwa chegasi rechisikigo chekukurumidzira", icho chichaitwa muzvikamu zvitatu, nepo dzimwe nyika dzeEurope dzakatorawo matanho ekudzivirira, asi mhedzisiro yacho haisati yanyatsojeka.
Makambani akawanda epepa akaderedza kugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye akamisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kuti agadzirise kushomeka kwesimba remagetsi.
Dambudziko remagetsi riri kutambudza makambani emapepa ekuEurope zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, nekuda kwedambudziko rekuwanikwa kwegasi rechisikigo, musi wa3 Nyamavhuvhu 2022, Feldmuehle, mugadziri wemapepa wekuGermany, akazivisa kuti kubva muchikamu chechina cha2022, mafuta makuru achachinjwa kubva kugasi rechisikigo kuenda kumafuta ekupisa emwenje. Panyaya iyi, Feldmuehle akati pari zvino, kune kushomeka kukuru kwegasi rechisikigo nezvimwe zvinhu zvemagetsi uye mutengo wakwira zvakanyanya. Kuchinja kuenda kumafuta ekupisa emwenje kuchavimbisa kushanda kwefekitari nguva dzose uye kuvandudza kukwikwidzana. Mari yekudyara yeEUR mamiriyoni 2.6 inodiwa pachirongwa ichi ichatsigirwa nevanogovana mari vakakosha. Zvisinei, fekitari iyi ine simba rekugadzira rematani 250,000 pagore. Kana shanduko yakadaro ichidikanwa kune fekitari hombe yemapepa, mari yakawanda inogona kufungidzirwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, Norske Skog, boka rekuburitsa mabhuku nepepa rekuNorway, rakatora matanho akaomarara paBruck mill muAustria munaKurume 2022 ndokuvhara chigayo kwenguva pfupi. Kambani iyi yakatiwo bhoira idzva, iro rakarongwa kutanga muna Kubvumbi, rinotarisirwa kubatsira kuderedza mamiriro acho ezvinhu nekuderedza kushandiswa kwegasi muchigayo uye kuvandudza kuwanikwa kwesimba rayo. "Kusagadzikana kwakanyanya" uye kunogona kutungamira mukuramba kuchivharwa kwenguva pfupi mumafekitori eNorske Skog.
Kambani yemapakeji esimbi yekuEurope inonzi Smurfit Kappa yakasarudzawo kuderedza kugadzirwa nematani angangoita 30,000-50,000 muna Nyamavhuvhu 2022. Kambani iyi yakati mumashoko ayo: Nemitengo yemagetsi yakakwira iri kuitika mukondinendi yeEurope, kambani iyi haifanirwe kuchengetedza chero chitoro, uye kuderedza kugadzirwa kwayo kwakakosha zvikuru.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-12-2022
