Imboni yephepha yaseYurophu ibhekene nenkinga yamandla
Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili ka-2021, ikakhulukazi kusukela ngo-2022, ukwenyuka kwamanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye namandla kubeke imboni yephepha yaseYurophu esimweni esibucayi, okwenza kube nzima ukuvalwa kwezinye izindawo ezincane neziphakathi nendawo zokukhiqiza amaphepha eYurophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenyuka kwamanani ephepha kube nomthelela omkhulu ekunyatheliseni okuphansi, ekupakisheni kanye nakwezinye izimboni.
Ingxabano phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine ibhebhethekisa inkinga yamandla ezinkampanini zephepha zaseYurophu
Kusukela kwaqala ingxabano phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine ekuqaleni kuka-2022, izinkampani eziningi ezihamba phambili zephepha eYurophu zimemezele ukuhoxa kwazo eRussia. Enkambisweni yokuhoxa eRussia, inkampani iphinde yasebenzisa izindleko ezinkulu njengabasebenzi, izinsizakusebenza kanye nezinsizakusebenza zezimali, okwaphula isigqi sokuqala senkampani. Ngokuwohloka kobudlelwano baseRussia neYurophu, umhlinzeki wegesi yemvelo waseRussia iGazprom wanquma ukunciphisa kakhulu inani legesi yemvelo enikezwa izwekazi laseYurophu ngepayipi iNord Stream 1. Amabhizinisi ezimboni emazweni amaningi aseYurophu angathatha izinyathelo ezahlukahlukene kuphela. izindlela zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo.
Kusukela kwaqubuka inkinga yase-Ukraine, ipayipi legesi yemvelo i-“North Stream”, okuwumthambo omkhulu wamandla eYurophu, ibilokhu idonsela ukunaka. Muva nje, imigqa emithathu yamagatsha epayipi i-Nord Stream ithole umonakalo “ongakaze ubonwe” ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umonakalo awukaze ubonwe. Akunakwenzeka ukubuyisela ukutholakala kwegesi. bikezela. Imboni yephepha yaseYurophu nayo ithintwe kakhulu yinkinga yamandla ebangelwa yile. Ukumiswa okwesikhashana kokukhiqizwa, ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa noma ukuguqulwa kwemithombo yamandla kube yizindlela ezivamile zokulwa nezinkampani zephepha zaseYurophu.
Ngokusho kombiko we-European Paper Industry Report ka-2021 okhishwe yi-European Confederation of the Paper Industry (CEPI), amazwe amakhulu aseYurophu akhiqiza iphepha nekhadibhodi yiJalimane, i-Italy, iSweden neFinland, lapho iJalimane ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wephepha nekhadibhodi eYurophu. Njengoba i-Italy ingu-10.6% eYurophu, iSweden neFinland zingu-9.9% kanye no-9.6% ngokulandelana, kanti umkhiqizo wamanye amazwe mncane kakhulu. Kubikwa ukuthi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwamandla ezindaweni ezibalulekile, uhulumeni waseJalimane ucabanga ukuthatha izinyathelo eziqinile zokunciphisa ukutholakala kwamandla kwezinye izindawo, okungaholela ekuvalweni kwamafektri ezimbonini eziningi okuhlanganisa amakhemikhali, i-aluminium kanye nephepha. IRussia ingumhlinzeki omkhulu wamandla emazweni aseYurophu okuhlanganisa neJalimane. Ama-40% egesi yemvelo ye-EU kanye nama-27% kawoyela ongenisiwe anikezwa yiRussia, kanti ama-55% egesi yemvelo yaseJalimane avela eRussia. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuxazululwe ukutholakala kwegesi eRussia Izinkinga ezinganele, iJalimane imemezele ukuqaliswa "kohlelo lwegesi yemvelo oluphuthumayo", oluzosetshenziswa ngezigaba ezintathu, kuyilapho amanye amazwe aseYurophu nawo esethathe izinyathelo zokulwa nalokhu, kodwa umphumela awukacaci okwamanje.
Izinkampani eziningana zephepha zinciphise ukukhiqizwa futhi zamisa ukukhiqizwa ukuze zibhekane nokuntuleka kwamandla
Inkinga yamandla ithinta kakhulu izinkampani zamaphepha zaseYurophu. Isibonelo, ngenxa yenkinga yokuhlinzekwa kwegesi yemvelo, ngo-Agasti 3, 2022, uFeldmuehle, umkhiqizi wephepha okhethekile waseJalimane, umemezele ukuthi kusukela kwikota yesine ka-2022, uphethiloli oyinhloko uzoshintshwa kusuka kugesi yemvelo uye ku-oyela wokushisa okhanyayo. Kulokhu, uFeldmuehle uthe njengamanje, kukhona ukushoda okukhulu kwegesi yemvelo neminye imithombo yamandla futhi intengo ikhuphuke kakhulu. Ukushintshela ku-oyela wokushisa okhanyayo kuzoqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwesitshalo futhi kuthuthukise ukuncintisana. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okungu-EUR million 2.6 okudingekayo kulolu hlelo kuzoxhaswa ngabanikazi bamasheya abakhethekile. Kodwa-ke, lesi sitshalo sinamandla okukhiqiza ngonyaka angamathani angu-250,000 kuphela. Uma ushintsho olunjalo ludingeka emshinini omkhulu wephepha, ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu okubangelwayo kungacatshangwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iNorske Skog, iqembu laseNorway lokushicilela kanye nephepha, lithathe isinyathelo esinzima eBruck mill e-Austria kusukela ngoMashi 2022 futhi lavala okwesikhashana umshini wokugaya. Le nkampani iphinde yathi ibhoyila entsha, eyayihlelelwe ukuqala ngo-Ephreli, kulindeleke ukuthi isize ekunciphiseni isimo ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yesitshalo kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuhlinzekwa kwayo kwamandla. “Ukuguquguquka okuphezulu” futhi kungaholela ekuvalweni okuqhubekayo kwesikhashana ezimbonini zaseNorske Skog.
Isikhulu saseYurophu sokupakisha izinto ezihlanganisiwe iSmurfit Kappa naso sikhethe ukunciphisa umkhiqizo ngamathani angaba ngu-30,000-50,000 ngo-Agasti 2022. Le nkampani yathi esitatimendeni: Njengoba amanani kagesi aphezulu njengamanje ezwenikazi laseYurophu, inkampani ayidingi ukugcina noma yiluphi uhlu lwezinto ezisetshenziswayo, futhi ukunciphisa umkhiqizo kuyadingeka kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 12-2022
