I-T yodidi oluphezului-ruffleItshokolethi PukugobaKwaye Umthetho Wokupakishwa Kwamanye Amazwe
Iitruffle zetshokholethi zaqanjwa ngumFrentshi uLouis Dufour ngo-1895. Le tshokholethi ithobekileyo yathandwa kakhulu kwangoko emva kokuba ikhutshiwe. Kule mihla, abavelisi betshokholethi abaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela okanye iivenkile zetshokholethi ezenziwe ngezandla zivelisa iitruffle zazo zetshokholethi, zihlala zimema abapheki betshokholethi ukuba benze iitruffle zetshokholethi ezikhethekileyo kwimibhiyozo.
Kutheni ibizwa ngokuba yi-truffle yetshokolethiizinto zokupakisha itruffle e-UKKuba inkangeleko ifana kakhulu ne-truffle esandula ukuvunjululwa egqunywe ngomhlaba; incasa yayo ithambile kwaye iyanyibilika emlonyeni, njenge-truffle.
I-"truffle chocolate" eqhelekileyo ayinayo i-truffle fungi kwizithako zayo, kodwa umaleko ongaphandle unombala we-cocoa powder. Ngokungafaniyo netshokholethi ye-truffle, itshokholethi yethu ine-truffles zokwenyani, ezingeniswe ngqo eSerbia. Ngokwembonakalo, ungabona ii-truffles ezimnyama ezomileyo zisasazeke kwiqhekeza lonke letshokholethi. Yenziwe ngebhotolo ye-cocoa, imveliso yendalo ye-cocoa fruit extract, ine-fatty acids engagcwaliyo kunye nencasa ethambileyo neyobunewunewu. Luma kwiqokobhe letshokholethi eliqinileyo, kwaye phantsi kweli qokobhe liqinileyo kukho itshokholethi ethambileyo exutywe nekhrimu ekhaphukhaphu kunye nencasa ye-truffle. Nayiphi na inkcazo ngaphandle kokuvala amehlo akho kwaye uyonwabele ayisebenzi. I-Little Truffle Knowledge I-Truffle "Truffle" yi-fungus yonyaka ekhula kakhulu kwiingcambu zemithi enamagqabi abanzi. Ubungakanani bayo abunanto yakwenza nobudala bayo kwaye izalwa kuphela kutshintsho lwamaxesha onyaka.
Njengesikhunta,izinto zokupakisha itruffle e-UKzizityebi kwiproteni kunye nee-amino acids. Ngenxa yoko, abantu baseYurophu babeka iitruffles, i-caviar kunye ne-foie gras phakathi "kwezintathu ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni". Iitruffles zinemfuneko engqongqo kakhulu kwindawo ezikhula kuyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zinqabile kwaye zibize kakhulu.
Kutheni iitruffle zixabiseke kangaka?
1. Ixabiso eliphezulu lesondlo:I-black truffle ityebile kwiproteni, iintlobo ezili-18 ze-amino acids, ii-unsaturated fatty acids, iivithamini ezininzi, i-zinc, i-manganese, i-iron, i-calcium, i-phosphorus kunye ne-selenium kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo.
2. Isivuno esingaqhelekanga:Iitruffle zikhula ngokwendalo kwiingcambu zeentlobo zemithi. Zininzi izinto ezingaqikelelweyo kwinkqubo yokukhula. Ukuba nje kukho utshintsho oluncinci elangeni, emanzini, okanye kwixabiso le-pH yomhlaba, aziyi kukhula.
3. Ayinakukhuliswa ngendlela yokwenziwa:Iitruffle azinakukhuliswa. Okwangoku, akukho ndlela yokulima eyenziweyo efunyenweyo, ngoko ke isivuno asizinzanga.
4. Ukuzingela kuthatha ixesha kwaye kufuna umsebenzi omninzi:I-truffle nganye ifunyanwa nganye nganye zizinja okanye ziimazi zeehagu, nto leyo ethatha ixesha elininzi kwaye ifuna umsebenzi omninzi. Bahlobo abathanda iilekese kodwa abangazange balive ivumba elikhethekileyo le-truffle kodwa bathintelwa lixabiso eliphezulu le-truffle, ungazama!
Xa silungiselela ukupakishwa kweempahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngendlela eyiyo, ukongeza ekuqwalaseleni izinto ezifana neempawu zemveliso, ukukhuthazwa, kunye nokuthuthwa, kufuneka sazi nemigaqo eyahlukeneyo yokupakishwa kweempahla ezingeniswa kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi liphela xa silungiselela iibhokisi zokupakishwa ngendlela eyiyo.
Ngoku, umhleli uza kuzisa udumo kwiindlela ezingavumelekanga zokupakisha iimveliso kumazwe ahlukeneyo:
1.I-United States, iNew Zealand, iKhanada kunye namanye amazwe ayakwalela ukusetyenziswa kweengca njengezinto zokupakisha ukuthintela ukungena kwezifo ezithile zezityalo kunye nezinambuzane kunye nomonakalo kwindalo esingqongileyo yelizwe;
2.I-Iran, iSaudi Arabia (SA) kunye namanye amazwe agxininisa ukuba amazwe angeniswe kwamanye amazweizinto zokupakisha itruffle e-UK iimpahla mazipakishwe kwiikhonteyina, kungenjalo ukungenisa nokukhulula impahla akuvumelekanga;
3.U-Arab uthi ipateni yeenkwenkwezi ezitsolo ezintandathu ayivumelekanga ekupakisheni iimpahla ezingenisiweyo. Ama-Arabhu ayacaphuka kakhulu kwaye ayayikhathalela into enepateni yeenkwenkwezi ezitsolo ezintandathu. Oku kufuneka kuthintelwe xa kulungiselelwa iibhokisi zokupakisha.
4.Uninzi lwabantu baseYurophu bathanda iikati ezimnyama, ngaphandle kwabaseBelgium abazibona iikati njengezingenathamsanqa.
5.ILibya iyakwalela ukusetyenziswa kweepateni zeehagu kunye neepateni zomzimba womntu wabasetyhini kwiipakethe zempahla ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
6.I-Ofisi yokuValelwa kwezezoLimo yeSebe lezoLimo nezokuLoba laseNew Zealand ithi ezi zinto zilandelayo azivumelekanga ngokungqongqo ekupakisheni iimpahla ezingeniswayo: umhlaba, i-marl, ingca, umququ, umququ wengqolowa, umququ okanye i-bran, i-moss, iingxowa ezindala ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nezinye izinto ezilahlwayo.
7.UMphathiswa wezeMpilo neMithetho wasePhilippines uthi iimpahla ezingeniswayo azivumelekanga ukuba zipakishwe kwiingxowa, iimveliso zeengxowa, iingca, iimathi zeengca nezinye izinto.
8.AmaFrentshi ajonga imibala eqaqambileyo njengobuhle kwaye athandwa kakhulu. AmaFrentshi ajonga amahashe njengophawu lobugorha. AmaFrentshi ayawaphepha ama-walnuts, ayawathiya aluhlaza okomnyama, ayawaphepha ukusebenzisa iipatheni ze-spades, kwaye ayawaphepha ukusebenzisa ii-chrysanthemums kwiimpawu zorhwebo. AmaFrentshi ajonga ii-peacocks njengeentaka ezimbi kwaye akavumelekanga kwiicranes kunye nee-turtles. Akufanele isetyenziswe njengophawu lwentengiso xa ulungiselela ukupakisha.
9.Akuvumelekanga ukusebenzisa imifanekiso kwiimpawu zorhwebo zaseBritane. AmaBritane ayakuphepha ukusebenzisa iindlovu neebhokhwe, kodwa akhetha iikati ezimhlophe. NjengamaFrentshi, amaBritane nawo ajonga iipikoko njengeentaka ezimbi kwaye akufuneki zisetyenziswe njengeempawu zorhwebo, kodwa ajonga amahashe njengophawu lobugorha.
10.AmaSwiss awakholelwa kwizikhova.
11.Abantu baseDenmark bajonga umbala obomvu, omhlophe noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengemibala emihle.
12.AmaTaliyane ajonga umbala omfusa njengombala ongemhle. Athanda ukusebenzisa imibala ekhanyayo kwiimpahla, izinto zokuthambisa kunye nokupakishwa okusemgangathweni, kwaye athanda imibala eqaqambileyo yokutya kunye neethoyi.
13.Akuvumelekanga ukuphawula iimveliso kunye neepakethe ezenziwe eJamani ngeempawu ezifana neNazi kunye neLegionnaires.
14.AmaDatshi ajonga iorenji njengombala ophilayo, kwaye iorenji kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka zimele imibala yesizwe. AmaDatshi ayakuthanda nee-tulips.
15.I-United States, iKhanada, iOstreliya, iNew Zealand, iBrazil, kunye namazwe ali-15 e-EU akhuphe imiyalelo ngokulandelelana ukususela ngo-1998, efuna ukuba ukupakisha ngomthi okuvela eTshayina kungeniswe kunye nesatifikethi esikhutshwe yi-China Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Agency ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukupakisha ngomthi kungeniswe Izinto ezinyangiweyo ngobushushu, ezifuthayo okanye ezichasene nokugqwala, okanye umthumeli ngaphandle ukhupha isatifikethi sokuba akukho ukupakisha ngomthi, zingangeniswa. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpahla eziphula imigaqo, yonke ibhetshi iya kuthintelwa ukungena, okanye ukupakisha ngomthi kuya kususwa kwaye kutshatyalaliswe phantsi kweemeko ezivunyiweyo. Iinkampani kufuneka zinike ingqalelo xa zilungiselela iibhokisi zokupakisha iimveliso.
16.Ukongeza kwimiqathango enyanzelekileyo yokupakisha kumazwe angaphandle, ngenxa yokwahluka kwamanqanaba ophuhliso loqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe, kukho iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho wokupakisha. Umgangatho wokupakisha uya kukhokelela ngokuthe ngqo kwinzuzo kunye nelahleko kurhwebo. Umzekelo, xa i-mastsutake yempahla ethengiswayo ethunyelwa yiYunnan minyaka le (ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwafikelela kwiitoni ezingaphezu kwe-1,200 ngo-2001) yathunyelwa eJapan ngeminyaka yoo-1980, ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi weebhokisi zokupakisha kwilizwe lethu, ngesicelo soosomashishini bamanye amazwe, iibhokisi ezisetyenziselwa ukuthumela i-mastsutake kwafuneka zitshintshwe. Xa kuthengwa kwamanye amazwe, iifektri ezininzi zebhokisi zasekhaya zinokubukela kuphela imali ingena kwiipokotho zamanye amazwe.izinto zokupakisha itruffle e-UKabavelisi bokupakisha balilize. Ngemizamo eqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwamashishini okupakisha kweli phondo, iibhokisi ezenziwe eYunnan zitshintshe ngokupheleleyo iibhokisi zangaphandle kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Iifektri ezininzi zebhokisi kweli phondo zifumene iingenelo ezininzi kwimveliso yeebhokisi ze-matsutake minyaka le. "Amanzi anamafutha awangeni kwiindawo zangaphandle". Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iimveliso zethu zingena kakuhle kwiimarike zamazwe ahlukeneyo, zonke iinkampani kufuneka ziqonde iimfuno zelizwe ngalinye zokupakisha kwamanye amazwe, kwaye ziyile kwaye zikhethe izixhobo zokupakisha ngokweemfuno, ukuze iimveliso zazo zingene kakuhle kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
17.Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, iibhokisi zokupakisha izipho zinokubonwa kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye ubomi abunakwahlulwa kwiibhokisi zokupakisha. ITshayina idla ngokunika ingqalelo enkulu kwezi zinto zintathu zilandelayo xa isenza ngokwezifiso iibhokisi zokupakisha izipho:
(1)Inkangeleko entle. Wonke umntu uyabuthanda ubuhle kwaye akanakuze abubeke phantsi ngenxa yezinto ezintle. Abanye abantu bade bazithenge ngenxa nje yephakheji entle. Beka izinto.
(2)Ibhokisi yokupakishwa yesipho entle efana nebhokisi inokuyilwa ngekhava ebanzi neyomileyo kunye nebhokisi efana nencwadi ukuze ichaze imveliso, ngaloo ndlela inyusa intengiso yemveliso.
(3)Ukhuseleko oluluhlaza kokusingqongileyo Kule xesha lokuxhasa ukhuseleko oluluhlaza kokusingqongileyo, kukho iimfuno ezintsha zezinto ezisetyenziswa kwiibhokisi zokupakisha izipho ezenzelwe wena.
Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo kuya kwenza wonke umntu athambekele kokuizinto zokupakisha itruffle e-UKibhokisi yokupakisha izipho.
Iindaba 1. Imicimbi yokuThotyelwa koMthetho wokuPakisha wase-Austria
Ukususela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2023, imithetho yokupakisha yase-Austria iza kuqaliswa ngokusesikweni. Imithetho yokupakisha yase-Austria ineenjongo ezifanayo nomthetho wokupakisha waseJamani, ezikukuphumeza imiyalelo yokupakisha ye-EU kwilizwe lasekhaya, ukukhuthaza abavelisi bokupakisha ukuba banciphise ukusetyenziswa kokupakisha okungeyomfuneko kunye nokunyusa amaxabiso okuphinda kusetyenziswe ukupakisha ngokwembono yomthetho.
Umahluko kukuba izinto zokupakisha itruffle e-UKUmsebenzi wokuthobela imithetho yokupakisha e-Austria awunzima njengomthetho wokupakisha waseJamani, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokubhalisa nokuthumela iingxelo zedatha kwiwebhusayithi zearhente zikarhulumente ezifana ne-LUCID. Abathengisi abawela imida kufuneka bafumane inkampani yase-Austria yokuhlaziya izinto ukuze bagqibezele uxanduva lommeli ogunyazisiweyo kunye nesibhengezo sokupakisha e-Austria ngaxeshanye.
I-ARA yinkampani yase-Austria egunyazisiweyo yiGreen Dot System.
Iindaba 2. Iqela leGreen Dot likhawulezisa uphuhliso lwamazwe ngamazwe
Utshintsho lwegama lenkampani enkulu ephinda isetyenziswe ngeekhemikhali iCircular Resources lugxininisa ukuqatshelwa kwayo kophawu lweDer Grüne Punkt, kwaye isebenzisa amava aseJamani ekuphindeni isetyenziswe ngeeplastiki ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lweshishini lendawo lokuphinda kusetyenziswe iiplastiki, elikhokelwa yi-United States neFransi.
Inkampani iGreen Dot Holding, iCircular Resources S.à rl, itshintshe ngokusemthethweni igama layo laba yiGreen Dot Global S.à rl, iCircular Resources Holding GmbH & Co. KG, itshintshe igama layo laba yiGrüne Punkt Holding GmbH & Co. KG. ULaurent Auguste, i-CEO yeGreen Dot Group, ubhengeze oku: “Ngotshintsho lwegama, sicacisa injongo yeQela: ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezipheleleyo zokukwazi ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona koluhlu olubanzi lwenkunkuma yeplastiki, kuquka nezo zingafanelekiyo ukuphinda zisetyenziswe ngoomatshini eziphelela ekutshisweni okanye ekulahlweni kwenkunkuma ngaphandle kweJamani. Siphuhlisa indlela eyahlukileyo edibanisa ukuthengiswa kweelayisenisi zokupakisha kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe kunye nomsinga wezinto ezisetyenziswayo oya ngqo kumjikelo, nokuba kukuphinda kusetyenziswe ngoomatshini okanye ngamakhemikhali.”
Iindaba 3: Ngaba i-EU iza kuyithintela ipakethe yekofu?
Ekupheleni kukaNovemba kunyaka ophelileyo, uyilo lwe-European Packaging Regulation PPWR olungeniswe yiKhomishini yaseYurophu lwaluquka ilungiselelo malunga nekhaphukhaphu yekofu.izinto zokupakisha itruffle e-UKukupakishwa - ukupakishwa kwekhaphu yekofu engaboliyo kuya kuthintelwa ukusasazwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, umgaqo-nkqubo we-European Packaging Regulation (PPWR) ufuna ukuba ukupakishwa kwekhaphu yekofu esetyenziswa kanye kuphela ukuba ithengiswa ngendlela yemizi-mveliso.
Ishishini lekofu kunye neGreen Dot ziseke indlela esebenzayo yokuphinda kusetyenziswe iikhaphu zekofu ezisetyenzisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nkqubo ipheleleyo yokuphinda kusetyenziswe iikhaphu zekofu ezinokubola, kwaye olo hlobo lokupakisha iikhaphu zekofu alwamkelwa kudidi lwenkunkuma yendalo yaseJamani. Ngokucacileyo, eli lungiselelo kwidrafti yePPWR kunzima ukuligcina phantsi kweemeko zangoku. Njengenye yeenkampani ezibalulekileyo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe iikhaphu kushishino, iGreen Dot ixhasa ilizwi le-European Coffee Union kwaye ikhuphe ingxelo ethile yobungcali malunga nemigaqo yokupakisha iikhaphu zekofu kwidrafti yePPWR.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-12-2023
