Ikamva lophuhliso lwemveliiphephaukupakisha
Uhlalutyo lweshishini:
1. Uhlalutyo lwemeko yeshishini:
Ishishini lokupakisha iphepha:
Ukupakisha amaphepha kubhekisa kwiphepha elisisiseko njengezinto eziphambili zokwenza imveliso, ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokuprinta nezinye iinkqubo zokucubungula ezenzelwe ukukhusela nokukhuthaza iimveliso zokupakisha, ikakhulu kubandakanya iibhokisi zemibala, iibhokisi, iincwadana, izitikha ezizincamathelayo, izinto ze-buffer kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi, ukupakisha amaphepha "kunoluhlu olubanzi lwezinto zokwenza imveliso, kubalwa ixabiso eliphantsi lemveliso, ukhuseleko oluluhlaza kokusingqongileyo, ukuphathwa lula kwezinto, ukugcinwa nokurisayikilisha okulula kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezininzi. Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwenkqubo yemveliso kunye nenqanaba lobuchwephesha, iimveliso zokupakisha amaphepha ziye zakwazi ukutshintsha ngokuyinxenye ukupakisha ngomthi, ukupakisha ngeplastiki, ukupakisha ngeglasi, ukupakisha nge-aluminium, ukupakisha ngentsimbi, ukupakisha ngentsimbi kunye nezinye iindlela zokupakisha, kwaye uluhlu lwesicelo lubanzi ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Okwangoku, iTshayina idale iPearl River Delta, iYangtze River Delta kunye neBohai Bay. Indawo yoQoqosho, iCentral Plains Economic Zone kunye neendawo eziphakathi zeYangtze River Economic belt, ezi ndawo zintlanu zoshishino lokupakisha iphepha zithatha ngaphezulu kwama-60% emarikeni yelizwe lonke yoshishino lokupakisha iphepha. Kwangaxeshanye, ngophuhliso loshishino lokupakisha iphepha, imithetho nemigaqo yokukhusela okusingqongileyo iya ingqongqo ngakumbi, ukhuphiswano lwemarike oluya luqina luye lwacinezela kancinci kancinci indawo yenzuzo yamashishini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni amashishini amancinci naphakathi apheliswe kancinci kancinci, inani lamashishini kushishino liyehla unyaka nonyaka, kwaye uyilo lwemizi-mveliso lubonakala lufanelekile. Ezinye iibhokisi zeholide ezidumileyo, ezifanaIbhokisi yetshokholethi yoSuku lwezithandani, itruffleibhokisi yetshokholethi, ibhokisi yetshokholethi emile okwentliziyo kaGodiva, ibhokisi yetshokholethi yestrawberry, ibhokisi yewayini kunye netshokholethi,ibhokisi yomhla, abantu bazimisele ukuhlawula ixabiso eliphezulu lokuthenga, kodwa bakhetha nokuthenga iipakethe ezikhethekileyo.Icubaibhokisi,ihempibhokisi, i-vapeibhokisi, umsi isixhobo sokugayaikwayenye yeemveliso ezithengiswa kakhulu eTshayina.
Udidi lokupakisha iphepha:
Ukupakisha amaphepha kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube kukupakisha okulahlwayo kunye nokupakisha okuhlala ixesha elide ngokwendlela yokupakisha. Ukupakisha okulahlwayo kubhekisa kwifom yokupakisha edibana ngqo nokupakisha, esetyenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni iimpahla zabathengi ezifana nezixhobo zonyango, amayeza, ukutya, ulwelo olungenazintsholongwane, kunye neekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla. Ukupakisha okuhlala ixesha elide kudla ngokubhekisa kukupakisha okunomaleko wangaphandle okhuselayo, kwaye ukupakisha okuhlala ixesha elide kusetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukubonelela ngendawo esemthethweni kunye nokhuseleko olungcono lokupakisha kwangaphakathi.
Ngokwemisebenzi yokupakisha, yahlulwe yaba kukupakisha amaphepha ngokubanzi, ukupakisha amaphepha akhethekileyo, ukupakisha amaphepha okutya kunye nokupakisha amaphepha okuprinta. Ukupakisha amaphepha ngokubanzi kwenziwa kakhulu ngamaphepha asisiseko kunye nekhadibhodi, iifom eziqhelekileyo ziibhokisi, izahlulo, iingxowa zamaphepha kunye neebhokisi, njl. Ukupakisha amaphepha okukhethekileyo kwenziwa kakhulu ngamaphepha okusonga angangeni mafutha, iphepha lokusonga elingangeni kumswakama, iphepha elingangeni mhlwa, elisetyenziselwa oomatshini abakhulu kunye nezixhobo kunye nokupakisha iimveliso zesinyithi, ukupakisha amaphepha okutya okutya, iziselo kunye nezinye iindawo zokupakisha. Iifom eziqhelekileyo ngamaphepha okuthambisa ukutya, iphepha lesiseko lokupakisha leswiti, njl., ukupakisha amaphepha okuprinta kubhekisa kumaleko womphezulu one-filler kunye nekhadibhodi yokuncamathelisa eprintiweyo kuphawu lwentengiso olwenziwe ngeebhokisi zekhadibhodi kunye namanye amaphepha okusetyenziswa ukupakisha, iifom eziqhelekileyo zinephepha lebhodi emhlophe, ikhadibhodi emhlophe njalo njalo.
2. Uhlalutyo lwekhonkco leshishini:
Ishishini lokupakisha iphepha laseTshayina ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi linokwahlulwa libe ngababoneleli bezinto eziluhlaza eziphezulu, abavelisi bokupakisha iphepha eliphakathi kunye namashishini okufaka izicelo asezantsi.
Phezulu:
Icandelo eliphambili leshishini lokuprinta nokupakisha amaphepha libonelela kakhulu ngephepha elimhlophe lebhodi, iphepha elincamathelayo kabini, iphepha eligqunyiweyo, iphepha elirhabaxa kunye nezinye iimveliso zephepha ezisisiseko, kunye neshishini leekhemikhali kunye noomatshini bokupakisha kunye nemveliso yezixhobo ezibonelela ngezixhobo ezincedisayo zokuprinta ezifana ne-inki, i-inki kunye neglu kwishishini.
Ishishini lephepha lishishini eliphambili eliphambili kwishishini lokupakisha, ngokweemveliso ezahlukeneyo kwishishini lokuprinta nokupakisha amaphepha, iindleko zokuprinta nokupakisha iimveliso zephepha ziqala kwi-30% ukuya kwi-80%, ngoko ke ishishini eliphambili, ingakumbi uphuhliso lweshishini lephepha kunye namaxabiso ephepha asisiseko aya kuba nefuthe ngqo kwinqanaba lenzuzo yeshishini lokupakisha amaphepha.
Ngokuphathelele oomatshini bokupakisha amaphepha kunye nezixhobo, inqanaba lobuchwephesha loomatshini bokupakisha amaphepha eTshayina lisemva kakhulu kumazwe aseNtshona aphuhlileyo, kwaye likwakwimeko embi kukhuphiswano lophuhliso lwemveliso, ukusebenza, umgangatho, ukuthembeka, inkonzo, njl.njl., ubuchule boomatshini bokupakisha amaphepha kunye nezixhobo buphezulu, kwaye kukho imiqobo ephezulu yobuchwephesha. Izixhobo eziphambili kwihlabathi ziye zaphuhliswa kwicala lokwenziwa kwedijithali, uthungelwano, isantya esiphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphantsi, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nobuntu. Oomatshini kunye nezixhobo zoshishino lokupakisha amaphepha eTshayina zisaxhomekeke kakhulu ekungenisweni kwempahla ngenxa yetekhnoloji ebuyela umva, ngoko ke amandla okuxoxisana oomatshini bokupakisha amaphepha kunye namashishini ezixhobo aphezulu aphezulu.
Umlambo ophakathi:
Kwishishini lokupakisha iphepha eliphakathi, ngenxa yemali ephantsi kunye nomda wobugcisa weshishini lokupakisha iphepha, amashishini amancinci okupakisha iphepha asezantsi kwikhonkco leshishini ngenxa yenani elikhulu leemveliso, umgangatho ophantsi wemveliso, ukuhambelana kwemveliso kuyinto enzima, ukhuphiswano oluqatha omnye komnye, kwaye umgangatho wenzuzo kunye namandla okuxoxisana aphantsi kakhulu. Amashishini amakhulu kushishino ngenxa yeenzuzo zesikali kunye namandla obuchwephesha aqinileyo, ngoko ke xa kujongwa umgaqo-nkqubo wokusingqongileyo uqiniswa kwaye amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza anyuka kunye nezinye izinto zinamandla aphezulu okumelana, iYutong Technology, iHexing packaging, izabelo zeDonggang, kunye namanye amashishini ayintloko ngokuthe ngcembe aphuma kushishino, ugxininiso lwemarike luphucuke ngakumbi. La mashishini okupakisha iphepha aphezulu anamandla aphezulu enzuzo kunye namandla okuxoxisana kushishino ngenxa yeenzuzo zawo zobungakanani obukhulu, iindleko zokuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza eziphantsi, umgangatho ophezulu wetekhnoloji, imfuno ephezulu yemveliso kunye nexabiso elongezelelweyo eliphezulu.
Ezantsi:
Umgca osezantsi weshishini lokupakisha iphepha laseTshayina ngokuyintloko kukutya, iziselo, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, amayeza, izixhobo zenkcubeko, izixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye namashishini okuhambisa ngokukhawuleza. Phakathi kwazo, ishishini le-elektroniki labathengi, amashishini okutya kunye necuba kunye notywala anemfuno enkulu yokupakisha iphepha. Ngokuphuculwa okukhulu kwemigangatho yokuphila yabantu baseTshayina, ulwakhiwo lwemfuno yabathengi luyaguqulwa kwaye luphuculwe, kwaye imfuno yeemveliso zokupakisha nayo iphuculwe ukusuka kumsebenzi wokuqala wokukhusela ukupakisha ukuze ibonise umgangatho wemveliso kunye neemfuno zabathengi. Abathengi abasezantsi beenkampani ezinkulu zokupakisha iphepha uninzi lwabo ngabathengi abakhulu abakumgangatho ophezulu, abathengi abanjalo banolwazelelo oluphezulu lophawu kunye nenzuzo enamandla. Ineemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho wokupakisha iphepha kunye nokuzinza kobonelelo, kwaye imfuno yabathengi yeshishini lesicelo elisezantsi inendima ebalulekileyo ejolise kuphuhliso lwamashishini aphakathi okupakisha iphepha, ngoko ke inamandla aphezulu okuxoxisana kwikhonkco lemizi-mveliso.
3. Uhlalutyo lwemodeli yeshishini
Imodeli yeshishini yee-sme ezininzi kushishino yile: ukufumana izinto zokwenza imveliso kubathengisi abaphezulu, ukubonelela ngenkonzo enye yokuvelisa, ukukhonza abathengi ngaphakathi kwerediyasi yenkonzo elinganiselweyo, baze benze inzuzo kuyo. Le modeli ineengxaki ezithile: malunga nokuthengwa, ugxininiso lweshishini eliphezulu luphezulu, amashishini anelungelo eliphezulu lokuthetha, kwaye amandla okuxoxisana amashishini okupakisha amaphepha aphantsi kakhulu: malunga nophando nophuhliso lwemveliso, umda wobuchwephesha kushishino uphantsi, kwaye uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji kunye nokukwazi ukuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwamashishini amancinci naphakathi aphantsi; Ngokuphathelele imveliso kunye nokuvelisa, ukuhlanganiswa kwemveliso kunzulu, iprimiyamu yemveliso iphantsi, indawo yenzuzo incinci, uthutho kunye nothutho, irediyasi yenkonzo yeshishini incinci, into engafanelekanga ekwandiseni ukugubungela kwabathengi.
Imodeli yeshishini lesisombululo esipheleleyo sokupakishwa
Ukongeza ekwenzeni iimveliso zokupakisha zabathengi, sikwabonelela ngeenkonzo ezipheleleyo ezifana noyilo lokupakisha, ukuthengwa komntu wesithathu, ukusasazwa kwezinto ezifunekayo, kunye nolawulo lwempahla. Isisombululo sokupakisha siphela sivela eMelika kwaye sisetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu nakwiindawo eziphuhlileyo zase-United States, siye saba yindlela yophuhliso lweshishini lokupakisha lehlabathi. Izisombululo zokupakisha zitshintsha ingqwalasela yababoneleli bokupakisha ukusuka kwimveliso ngokwayo ukuya ekusombululeni iingxaki zokwenyani zabathengi, kwaye zithengisa isisombululo sipheleleyo esigubungela izixhobo zokupakisha kunye neenkonzo zokuhambisa ukupakisha kubathengi njengemveliso. Imodeli yeshishini le-packing Total Solution idlulisela ulawulo kunye nolawulo lwekhonkco lokuhambisa ukupakisha kumthengisi omnye wokupakisha, nto leyo enciphisa ngempumelelo iindleko zokusebenza zabathengi abasezantsi phantsi kwemodeli yeshishini yendabuko yoshishino lokushicilela kunye nokupakisha.
4. Indawo yemarike:
Ukupakisha amaphepha ngo-2023 kulindeleke ukuba kube yindawo yemarike ephantse ibe yi-540 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Ngokwedatha kaKearney, ubungakanani beshishini lokupakisha ngo-2021 yi-$202.8 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, apho isikali sokupakisha amaphepha yi-$75.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, ebalelwa kwi-37%, elilelona nani likhulu kumzila wokupakisha ohlulwe ngokwecandelo: Ngokwengqikelelo ka-2021-2023, isikali seshishini lokupakisha amaphepha laseTshayina sinyuke ukusuka kwi-$75.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ukuya kwi-$83.7 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, nge-CAGR ye-5.2%. Izinto eziphambili ezibangela oku ziqhutywa kukutshintshwa kweplastiki yamaphepha, ukuphuculwa kokusetyenziswa kunye nokukhula kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo oshishino olusezantsi.
NgoJanuwari 2020, iKhomishini yoPhuhliso noHlaziyo yeSizwe kunye noMphathiswa we-Ecology and Environment bakhuphe "Iimbono malunga nokuQinisekisa ngakumbi ulawulo loNgcoliseko lweplastiki". Ekupheleni kuka-2022, ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zeplastiki ezilahlwayo kuya kuncitshiswa kakhulu, kwaye ngo-2025, ungcoliseko lweplastiki luya kulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokwedatha ye-China Business Information Network, ixabiso lemveliso yeshishini lokupakisha iplastiki kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwi-455.5 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2021, kwaye indawo yokutshintsha ukupakisha iphepha inkulu kakhulu.
5. Njengekhonkco elibalulekileyo ekujikelezisweni kwezinto, ishishini lokupakisha linamathuba abanzi ophuhliso. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo:
Ukwanda kwemfuno yemarike: Ngophuhliso loqoqosho kunye nokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yokuphila yabantu, imfuno yemarike yokupakisha okusemgangathweni iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Nokuba liqonga lendabuko lokuthengisa okanye le-e-commerce, ukupakisha iimveliso kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ubuhle babathengi kunye nemfuno yokupakisha nazo ziyanda, kwaye baneemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho kunye nokusebenza.
Uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwe-intanethi eTshayina lukhokelele ekukhuleni korhwebo lwe-elektroniki, apho abathengi abaninzi bekhetha ukuthenga kwi-intanethi. Oku kwenza imfuno yokupakisha i-elektroniki inyuke, kwaye ishishini lokupakisha lijongene namathuba amakhulu emarike kunye nemingeni. Ukupakisha iimveliso kumaqonga e-elektroniki akufuneki nje kuphela ukuba nomsebenzi wokukhusela iimpahla kunye nokutsala abathengi, kodwa kukwafaneleka nokuziqhelanisa neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zothutho kunye nokusasazwa.
Okwesithathu, iimveliso ezityebileyo ngakumbi, ulwazi oluphuculweyo ngokusingqongileyo: ngokukhuthazwa kwesayensi netekhnoloji kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha, iimveliso ezivela kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, kwaye ukhuphiswano lwemarike luya lusanda. Kule meko, ukupakisha kuye kwaba yindlela ebalulekileyo yokwahlulahlula iimveliso, kwaye uyilo kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukileyo ibe yeyona nto iphambili ekutsaleni abathengi. Kwangaxeshanye, inkxalabo yabathengi kunye nesidingo sokupakisha okunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo nayo iye yanda, ikhuthaza uphuhliso lwezixhobo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nokupakisha okuzinzileyo.
Okwesine, ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha: ishishini lokupakisha lenze inkqubela phambili enkulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Izixhobo eziphambili kunye netekhnoloji yenkqubo zenza imveliso yokupakisha isebenze kakuhle kwaye ichaneke ngakumbi, kwaye ukuphindaphinda kwetekhnoloji yokushicilela kunye nesakhiwo kuzisa amathuba amaninzi oyilo lokupakisha. Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yedijithali kwenza ishishini lokupakisha libe nobukrelekrele ngakumbi kwaye lenzelwe umntu ngamnye, kwaye kuphucula umgangatho kunye nomfanekiso wokupakisha ngelixa kuhlangatyezwana neemfuno zomthengi ngamnye.
Kwimeko yemarike ekhuphisanayo ngakumbi, ukuveliswa kunye nokulungiswa kwempahla yemveli akukwazanga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamashishini emveliso. Iinkampani zemveliso zifuna iinkonzo ezibanzi ngakumbi kunye nexabiso elikhulu lenkonzo, kungekuphela nje ukuveliswa kwempahla elula. Ke ngoko, ishishini lokupakisha kufuneka liphuhlise kwicala elidibeneyo nelinendawo enye. Hlanganisa iimodyuli zenkonzo ezinxulumene noko ezifana nokucwangcisa uphawu, ukuthengisa imveliso kunye nokupakisha ucwangciso ukuze kubonelelwe uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezisombululo zamashishini emveliso ukunceda iimveliso zifezekise injongo yokuthengisa kakuhle.
Kukholelwa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, iinkampani ezininzi zokupakisha ziya kuhambelana notshintsho kwimfuno yemarike, zihlale zivelisa izinto ezintsha kwaye ziphucula amanqanaba enkonzo, zibonelele abathengi ngocwangciso lobuchwephesha lophawu, ukuthengisa imveliso kunye noyilo lokupakisha, kwaye zikhuthaze ngokudibeneyo uphuhliso lweshishini lokupakisha.
Kwixesha elizayo, kuza kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kuba uphuhliso lwezinto eziluhlaza neziphinda zisetyenziswe lulolona njongo yethu ifanayo..Ukukhusela umhlaba kusoloko kungumsebenzi wethu.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-15-2023
