AmaYurophu namaMerika “ashishina ngasemva kweengcango ezivaliweyo” Iikhonteyina zezibuko ziqokelelene njengentaba, ziphi iiodolo?
Ekuqaleni kowama-2023, iikhonteyina zokuthutha ziya kufumana “ingozi ebusweni”!
Amazibuko amaninzi abalulekileyo eTshayina, afana neShanghai, iTianjin, iNingbo, njl.njl., aqokelele inani elikhulu leekhonteyina ezingenanto, kwaye izibuko laseShanghai lide lathumela iikhonteyina eTaicang. Ukusukela kwisiqingatha sesibini sowama-2022, ireyithingi yesantya sokuthunyelwa kweekhonteyina ngaphandle eShanghai yehle ngaphezulu kwama-80% ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemfuno yokuthunyelwa.
Umfanekiso ongathandekiyo weekhonteyina zokuthumela ubonisa imeko yangoku yorhwebo lwangaphandle lwelizwe lam kunye nokuhla koqoqosho. Idatha yorhwebo ibonisa ukuba ukususela ngo-Okthobha ukuya kuDisemba ka-2022, umthamo worhwebo lokuthumela ngaphandle lwelizwe lam wehle nge-0.3%, 8.7%, kunye ne-9.9% unyaka nonyaka ngokwemali yedola yaseMelika, nto leyo efikelela "ekuncipheni kathathu ngokulandelelana." ibhokisi yetshokholethi
“Iiodolo zehle kakhulu, kwaye akukho myalelo!”, abaphathi kwiPearl River Delta naseYangtze River Delta baphelelwa lithemba, oko kukuthi, “ukuncitshiswa kwemivuzo nokuncitshiswa kwemivuzo”. Imarike yanamhlanje yetalente yaseShenzhen Longhua igcwele abantu, kwaye inani elikhulu labasebenzi abangasebenziyo lihlala apha iintsuku ezininzi…
IYurophu neMelika zimanyene, kwaye ukwehla korhwebo lwangaphandle kube yingxaki
Akuqhelekanga ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezorhwebo zasekhaya nezangaphandle kuqhubeke nokuncipha. Njengomthengi omkhulu welizwe lam, iLaomei ayinakwahlulwa ngokwendalo. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ekupheleni kukaDisemba 2022, ii-odolo zokuvelisa zase-US ziya kwehla ngama-40% unyaka nonyaka.
Ukwehla kwee-odolo akukho nto ingaphezulu kokuncipha kwemfuno kunye nokulahleka kwee-odolo. Ngamanye amazwi, nokuba omnye umntu akayithenganga, okanye yathathwa.
Nangona kunjalo, njengemarike yabathengi enkulu kwihlabathi liphela, imfuno yeLaomei ayinciphanga. Ngo-2022, umthamo worhwebo lokungenisa impahla eMelika uza kuba yi-3.96 trillion yeedola zaseMelika, ukunyuka kwe-556.1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2021, okubeka irekhodi elitsha lokungeniswa kwempahla.
Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yamazwe ngamazwe yemisinga engaphantsi komhlaba, injongo yeNtshona "yokususa i-sinification" icacile. Ukususela ngo-2019, iinkampani ezixhaswa ngemali zangaphandle ezifana ne-Apple, i-Adidas, kunye ne-Samsung ziqalile ukurhoxa eTshayina ngesantya esiphezulu, ziguqukela eVietnam, eIndiya nakwamanye amazwe. Kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba zanele ukushukumisa imeko "ye-Made in China".
Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwi-Statistics Bureau yaseVietnam, ii-odolo zaseMelika zokungenisa impahla eVietnam ziza kwehla ngama-30%-40% ngo-2022. Kwikota yesine yonyaka ophelileyo kuphela, malunga nama-40,000 abasebenzi basekuhlaleni banyanzelwa ukuba bayeke imisebenzi yabo.
Imfuno iyanda eMntla Melika, kodwa ii-odolo e-Asia ziyehla. Ngubani uLaomei oqhuba ishishini naye?ibhokisi yecuba
Amehlo kufuneka abuyele eYurophu nase-United States. Ngokwedatha yorhwebo yowama-2022, i-EU iza kuthatha indawo yeTshayina njengeqabane elikhulu lokurhweba le-United States, apho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-United States kufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-900 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika. Indawo yesibini iza kuthathwa yiKhanada enexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-800 yeebhiliyoni. I-China iyaqhubeka nokuwa, kwaye nesesithathu, asifani neMexico.
Kwimeko yamazwe ngamazwe, ukudluliselwa kwamashishini asebenzisa abasebenzi abaninzi kunye nabantu baseYurophu nabaseMelika "abaqhuba ishishini ngasemva kweminyango evaliweyo" kuvakala njengemikhwa eqhelekileyo amashishini okanye abantu ngabanye abangenakuyilawula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amaTshayina afuna ukusinda aze abandakanyeke kuphuhliso loqoqosho, kufuneka afumane indlela yokuphuma!
Ithamsanqa nelishwa zixhomekeke kwenye kwenye, nto leyo enyanzelisa ukuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso ukuba kukhawuleziswe
Ekupheleni konyaka, xa kwakhutshwa ngokusesikweni idatha yorhwebo lokungenisa nokuthumela impahla ngaphandle kweTshayina ngo-2022, yabonisa okokuqala imeko embi "yokunciphisa imfuno yangaphandle kunye nokuncipha kwee-odolo". Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuncitshiswa kwee-odolo zexesha elizayo kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo.
Ngaphambili, amashishini orhwebo lwasekhaya nolwangaphandle ayesoloko ethatha iYurophu ne-United States njengeemarike zawo eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle. Kodwa ngoku ukungavisisani phakathi kweTshayina neNtshona kuya kusanda, kwaye iYurophu ne-United States nazo ziqalile ukudibana ukuze “zizenzele kwaye zizitye.” Akunzima kumashishini orhwebo lwangaphandle aseTshayina ukuvelisa iimveliso ezingabizi kwaye ezilula ukuzisebenzisa. Nangona kunjalo, xa kujongwa amazwe asele ezinzile njengeYurophu ne-United States, kubonakala ngathi awakwazi ukukhuphisana ngokwaneleyo.
Ngoko ke, kukhuphiswano olukhulu lwamazwe ngamazwe, indlela amashishini aseTshayina anokuphucula ngayo ixabiso leemveliso ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwaye aphuhlise ukuya kwinqanaba eliphakathi neliphezulu lekhonkco lexabiso yindlela esifanele siyicwangcise kwangaphambili.ibhokisi yetshokholethi
Ukuba ishishini lifuna ukutshintsha nokuphucula, uphando nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji lubalulekile. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zophando nophuhliso, enye kukuphucula inkqubo nokunciphisa iindleko; enye kukuvelisa iimveliso zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo kukuba kwishishini le-biomanufacturing, ilizwe lam lixhomekeke kuphando oluzimeleyo nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ye-enzyme ukuqhuba utshintsho olukhulu kwikhonkco lezemveliso zehlabathi.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-21, imali eninzi eshushu yathululelwa kwimarike yokulwa nokwaluphala, kwaye iiarhente zokulwa nokwaluphala zeempawu zangaphandle zavunwa kubantu abadala basekhaya ngexabiso le-10,000 yuan/gram. Ngowama-2017, yayilixesha lokuqala eTshayina ukoyisa itekhnoloji yokulungiselela i-enzyme, esebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye icocekile nge-99%, kodwa ixabiso liye lehla nge-90%. Phantsi kobu buchwepheshe, kuye kwavela inani leemveliso zempilo ezimelwe yi-"Ruohui" eTshayina. Ngokwedatha ekhutshwe yi-JD Health, le mveliso ibiyeyona mveliso ithengiswa kakhulu kangangeminyaka emine ilandelelana, ishiya iimpawu zangaphandle ngasemva kakhulu.
Akuphelelanga apho, kodwa kukhuphiswano neemali zangaphandle, ukulungiswa kwe-"Ruohui" yasekhaya kongeze izithako ezidityanisiweyo ukuvelisa iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngenzuzo yetekhnoloji, kwaye kwadala ingeniso yemarike yecandelo le-5.1 yeebhiliyoni ngonyaka, okwenza abathengi bamanye amazwe bakhawuleze ukuya eTshayina ukuze bafumane iiodolo.ibhokisi yekhuki
Ukucotha korhwebo lwangaphandle kuye kwabangela isilumkiso kubantu baseTshayina. Nangona silahlekelwa ziingenelo zemveli, sifanele senze iingenelo zobuchwepheshe zibe kukuzithemba kwamashishini aseTshayina kukhuphiswano lwezoqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Baya phi abarhwebi bamanye amazwe abazizigidi ezingama-200?
Akunzima kwiTshayina ukuvelisa izinto ezingabizi kakhulu nezilula ukuzisebenzisa. Kodwa ngaphambili, iYurophu ne-United States “zazibukele”, kwaye kamva, uMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia “wawulungele ukuhamba” neentshaba ezinamandla. Kufuneka sifumane indawo entsha yokuthumela ngaphandle size sichaze indlela yoqoqosho lweminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ezayo.
Nangona kunjalo, uphando nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji aluyonto inokwenzeka ngosuku olunye, kwaye ukuphuculwa kwemizi-mveliso kufuneka kudlule "kwiintlungu zomsebenzi". Ngeli xesha, indlela yokugcina uzinzo lwezoqoqosho lwangoku nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Kaloku, njengenye yeetroika eziqhuba ukukhula koqoqosho lwelizwe lam, uqoqosho olubuthathaka lokuthumela ngaphandle lunxulumene nokusinda kwabarhwebi bamanye amazwe abaphantse babe zizigidi ezingama-200. ibhokisi yekhuki
“Isanti nangaliphi na ixesha ifana nentaba xa iwela phezu komntu.” Imikhosi engekho phantsi korhulumente waseTshayina ixhase “iMade in China” ekhule ukususela ekuqaleni ukusukela oko yavulwa kangangeminyaka engama-40. Ngoku ekubeni uphuhliso lwelizwe luza kufikelela kwinqanaba elitsha, abantu akufuneki bashiywe ngasemva.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-21-2023
