E whakaatu ana te Pūrongo Auaha Tānga Ao a Luba i ngā tohu kaha o te whakaoranga
Kua puta te Pūrongo Auaha Tānga Ao tuawaru a Drubal. E whakaatu ana te pūrongo mai i te tukunga o te pūrongo tuawhitu i te puna o te tau 2020, kua rerekē te āhua o te ao, me te mate urutā COVID-19, ngā uauatanga o ngā mekameka tuku o te ao, te pikinga o te pikinga utu… I roto i tēnei horopaki, i roto i tētahi rangahau i mahia ki te neke atu i te 500 ngā kaiwhakatau matua mai i ngā kaiwhakarato ratonga tā me ngā kaihanga taputapu me ngā kaiwhakarato o te ao, i whakaatuhia e ngā raraunga i te tau 2022, 34% o ngā kaitā puta noa i te ao i kī he "pai" te āhua ohaoha o tā rātou kamupene, ko te 16% anake i kī he "rawakore", e whakaatu ana i tētahi ia kaha whakaora i roto i te umanga tā o te ao. Ko ngā kaitā o te ao he nui ake te maia ki te umanga i tō rātou i te tau 2019, ā, e titiro whakamua ana ki te tau 2023.
Te ia o te whakaaro pai ake
Ka kitea te rerekētanga nui o te hihiri i roto i te rerekētanga whānui i waenga i te ōrau o te hihiri me te ngākau pouri i roto i te Druba Printers Economic Information Index mō te tau 2022. I roto i a rātou, i whiriwhiria e ngā kaitā o Amerika ki te Tonga, Amerika Waenganui me Āhia te hihiri, i whiriwhiria e ngā kaitā o Ūropi te āta whakaaro. I taua wā, e ai ki ngā raraunga mākete, kei te piki haere te māia o ngā kaitā mōkihi, kei te ora ake ngā kaitā whakaputa pukapuka mai i ngā hua kino i te tau 2019, ā, e matapaetia ana ka ora ake ngā kaitā arumoni i te tau 2023, ahakoa he paku heke iho.
"Ko te wātea o ngā rauemi mata, te pikinga o te pikinga utu, te pikinga o ngā utu hua, te hekenga o ngā tawhē hua, me ngā pakanga utu i waenga i ngā kaiwhakataetae, koinei ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki ngā marama 12 e whai ake nei," te kī a tētahi kaitā arumoni nō Tiamana. E whakapono ana ngā kaiwhakarato o Costa Rica, "Mā te whakamahi i te tipu ōhanga i muri i te mate urutā, ka whakauru mātou i ngā hua hou kua tāpirihia te uara ki ngā kiritaki me ngā mākete hou."
E ai ki ngā raraunga, e matapaetia ana ka tipu te mākete tā o te ao i te tere kupenga o te 34% i te tau 2022, ā, e matapaetia ana hoki ka tipu te mākete tā o Ūropi i te tere kupenga o te 34% i te tau 2023. Ahakoa he nui ake te tūpato o ngā kaitā mō ngā mākete arumoni me te whakaputa i te tau 2022, kei reira te tipu e heke ana i te 4% ki te 5% mai i te tau 2019, he kaha ngā matapae pai mō ngā mākete katoa i te tau 2023, me ngā rerekētanga pai kupenga o te +36% mō te whakaputa, +38% mō te tā arumoni, +48% mō te takai, me te +51% mō te tā mahi.
I waenganui i te tau 2013 me te tau 2019, i piki haere tonu ngā utu mō te pepa me ngā rauemi taketake, ā, he maha ngā kaitā i whiriwhiri ki te whakaheke i ngā utu, 12 ōrau te nui ake i te hunga i whakapiki i ngā utu. Engari i te tau 2022, ko ngā kaitā i whiriwhiri ki te whakapiki i ngā utu kaua ki te whakaheke i aua utu, i whiwhi i te tawhē pai kupenga kāore i kitea i mua o te +61%. He ao whānui tēnei tauira, ā, kei te nuinga o ngā rohe me ngā mākete tēnei ia. He mea nui kia mōhio kei raro i te pēhanga te nuinga o ngā kamupene ki ngā tawhē.
I pāngia hoki ngā kaiwhakarato e te pikinga utu, me te pikinga kupenga o ngā utu mā te 60 ōrau, ki te whakaritea ki te tihi o mua o te 18 ōrau i te tau 2018. He mārama, ko te huringa nui o te whanonga utu mai i te tīmatanga o te mate urutā COVID-19 ka pā ki te pikinga utu mena ka pā ki ētahi atu rāngai.
Te kaha o te hiahia ki te haumi
Mā te titiro ki ngā raraunga tohu mahi a ngā pūreretā mai i te tau 2014, ka kitea kua heke te mākete arumoni i roto i te tānga pepa whakarerekē, he tata rite ki te tipu o te mākete tākai. He mea tika kia mōhiotia i kite tuatahi te mākete tānga arumoni i tētahi rerekētanga kino i te tau 2018, ā, mai i taua wā kua iti ake. Ko ētahi atu wāhanga e kitea nuitia ana ko te tae whārangi-kotahi o te toner mamati me te tae tukutuku matihiko-jet, e akiakihia ana e te tipu nui o te pakihi tākai flexographic.
E ai ki te pūrongo, kua piki ake te ōwehenga o te tānga mamati i roto i te tapeke o ngā mahi, ā, e matapaetia ana ka haere tonu tēnei ia i te wā o te mate urutā COVID-19. Engari i waenganui i te tau 2019 me te tau 2022, te āhua nei kua mutu te whanaketanga o te tānga mamati i te ao whānui, haunga te puhoi o te tipu o te tānga arumoni.
Hei tāpiritanga, i whakaatuhia e ngā raraunga ko te ōrau o ngā pūreretā e whakahaere ana i ngā toa tānga tukutuku me ngā toa tānga mamati i heke tonu, mai i te tihi o te 27 ōrau noa iho i te tau 2017 ki te 23 ōrau i te tau 2019 me te 20 ōrau i te tau 2022. Ko te ōwehenga mō ngā pūreretā arumoni i heke mai i te 38 ōrau i te tau 2017 ki te 26 ōrau i te tau 2022, ko te nui mō ngā pūreretā whakaputa i piki ake ki te 33 ōrau, ā, mō ngā pūreretā tākai i heke mai i te 15 ōrau i te tau 2019 ki te 7 ōrau i te tau 2022.
Mō ngā pūreretā me ngā taputapu tā tukutuku, kua kitea he pikinga nui o ngā hoko i te mate urutā COVID-19. I mua i te pakarutanga o te COVID-19, he iti noa te huringa o ngā mahi i tēnei rāngai puta noa i te ao i waenga i te tau 2014 me te tau 2019, kāore he tipu nui, me te 17% anake o ngā pūreretā tukutuku i ripoata i te tipu 25%. Engari mai i te mate urutā, kua piki ake taua ōwehenga ki te 26 ōrau, ā, kua horapa te pikinga puta noa i ngā mākete katoa.
Kua heke te Capex i ngā mākete tā katoa o te ao mai i te tau 2019, engari ko te tirohanga mō te tau 2023 me tua atu e whakaatu ana i te tino hihiri. Mō te rohe, e matapaetia ana ka tipu ngā rohe katoa i te tau e tū mai nei, engari ko Ūropi, he papatahi te matapae. Ko ngā taputapu tukatuka muri-perehi me te hangarau tā he wāhi rongonui mō te haumi.
Mō te hangarau tā, ko te toa mārama i te tau 2023 ko te tānga whārangi-kotahi me te 31%, ā, muri iho ko te tānga whārangi-kotahi tae toner mamati (18%) me te tānga whānui-waituhi mamati me te tānga flexo (17%). Ko te tānga whāngai-pepa te haumitanga rongonui i te tau 2023. Ahakoa te hekenga nui o te rahinga tā i ētahi mākete, mā te whakamahi i te tānga whāngai-pepa ka whakaiti i te mahi me te moumou moni, ka whakapiki ake hoki i te hua mō ētahi pūreretā.
I te pātaitanga mō ngā mahere haumitanga mō ngā tau e rima e whai ake nei, kei te tihi tonu te tānga mamati (62 ōrau), ā, whai muri ko te aunoatanga (52 ōrau), me te tānga tuku iho i whakarārangihia ko te tuatoru o ngā haumitanga tino nui (32 ōrau).
E ai ki te pūrongo, i runga i te wāhanga mākete, ko te rerekētanga pai o ngā whakapaunga haumi a ngā kaitā he +15% i te tau 2022 me te +31% i te tau 2023. I te tau 2023, he taurite ake ngā matapae haumi mō ngā mahi arumoni me te whakaputa pukapuka, me te kaha o ngā whakaaro haumi mō te tākai me te tānga mahi.
Ngā raruraru mekameka tuku engari he tirohanga pai
I runga i ngā wero e puta ake ana, kei te raru ngā kaitā me ngā kaiwhakarato i ngā uauatanga o te mekameka tuku, tae atu ki te pepa tā, te turanga me ngā taonga pau, me ngā rauemi mata mō ngā kaiwhakarato, e matapaetia ana ka haere tonu ēnei tae noa ki te tau 2023. I kōrerohia hoki te korenga o ngā kaimahi e te 41 ōrau o ngā kaitā me te 33 ōrau o ngā kaiwhakarato, ā, ko te pikinga o ngā utu me ngā utu he whakapaunga nui pea. Kei te piki haere te hiranga o ngā āhuatanga whakahaere taiao me te pāpori ki ngā kaitā, ki ngā kaiwhakarato me ā rātou kiritaki.
I runga i ngā herenga poto o te mākete tā o te ao, ka noho tonu ngā take pēnei i te whakataetae nui me te hekenga o te tono: ka nui ake te aro o ngā mīhini tā mōkihi ki ngā mīhini tā o mua, ā, ka aro nui ngā mīhini tā arumoni ki ngā mīhini tā o muri. I roto i ngā tau e rima e tū mai nei, i whakanuia e ngā mīhini tā me ngā kaiwhakarato te pānga o ngā pāpāho matihiko, ā, i muri mai ko te korenga o te tohungatanga me te nui rawa o te kaha o te ahumahi.
I te nuinga o te wā, e whakaatu ana te pūrongo he tino pai te tumanako a ngā kaitā me ngā kaiwhakarato mō te tirohanga mō te tau 2022 me te 2023. Ko te kitenga tino whakamiharo pea o te rangahau a te Drubal Report ko te pikinga ake o te whakapono ki te ōhanga o te ao i te tau 2022 i tōna āhua i te tau 2019, i mua i te pakarutanga mai o te COVID-19, me te nuinga o ngā rohe me ngā mākete e matapae ana i te tipu o te ao pai ake i te tau 2023. E mārama ana kei te roa te wā e ora ai ngā pakihi i te mea ka heke te haumitanga i te wā o te mate urutā COVID-19. Hei whakautu, e kī ana ngā kaitā me ngā kaiwhakarato kua whakatau rātou ki te whakanui ake i ā rātou mahi mai i te tau 2023 me te haumi mēnā e tika ana. Ngā pouaka koha, pērā ingā pouaka tī,ngā pouaka waina, ngā pouaka tiakareteka āta whakaatu i tētahi ia piki.
Wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-09-2023
