"Ingufu nyinshi" zo gupakira neza zishobora gukomeza guteza imbere igerageza ry'uburyo bwo gupakira neza cyane

 "Ingufu nyinshi" zo gupakira neza zishobora gukomeza guteza imbere igerageza ry'uburyo bwo gupakira neza cyane

 

17 Ugushyingo 2023 10:24 Inkomoko: CCTV Network Inyuguti nini Inyuguti nto

Amakuru ya CCTV:Ubwo igihembwe cyo gusoza umwaka cyageraga, inganda zikora iposita zitwara imizigo na zo zazanye ibihe byiza by'ubucuruzi, amakuru y'ibiro bya leta by'iposita agaragaza ko mu Gushyingo, impuzandengo y'ubucuruzi bw'iposita buri munsi ku rwego rw'igihugu irenga miliyoni 500. Umubare munini w'ibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe vuba byatumye habaho udusanduku twinshi two gupakira ifumbire, ese utu dusanduku two gupakira ifumbire twihariye tujya he? Ese igitekerezo cyo kongera gukoresha ifumbire kirakwirakwiriye? Reba raporo.

Kuri sitasiyo ya Courier mu karere ka Chaoyang muri Beijing, abanyamakuru babonye amabati yuzuyemo amapaki manini n'ato ya Express. Nyuma y'uko abantu benshi bafunguyeudusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyeBashyize ipaki aho hantu, bazashyira ipaki mu gasanduku k'icyatsi kibisi gashobora kongera gukoreshwa imbere yabo. Abakozi bafite inshingano zo gutondekanya no kongera gukoresha ibi bikoresho, amakarito n'ibindi bikoresho byose bishobora gukoreshwa mu itangwa ritaha, kandi ibidashobora gukoreshwa bishyikirizwa ikigo gishinzwe kongera gukoresha ibikoresho kugira ngo byongere bitunganywe kandi bikoreshwe.

Umuntu wari ushinzwe urubuga yabaze konti ku munyamakuru, kandi buri gakarito gashobora kongera gukoreshwa rimwe kugira ngo gabanye imyuka ya garama 37 ihumanya ikirere. Kuva igihe cy’ubucuruzi bugezweho bwihuse, igabanuka rya karuboni ku munsi ni hafi ibiro 5.5.

Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'ubuyobozi bwita ku bidukikije mu nganda zitanga ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki, ese igitekerezo cyo kongera gukoresha uburyo bwo gupakira ibintu mu buryo bwa elegitoroniki cyamamaye? Iki kibazo ni uko umunyamakuru yakoze ubushakashatsi mu duce twinshi tw'abaturage i Beijing.

Bwana Lu:Iyo nsanze ipaki ya express ifite ubwiza, nzayireka hanyuma nkayikoresha ubutaha nohereje express.

Umuturage Bwana Bai:Akenshi mfata imodoka zigezweho (express), zishyirwa mu gasanduku ko kongera gukoresha ibikoresho, kugira ngo nzirinde ibidukikije.

Mu kiganiro, umunyamakuru yamenye ko abaturage benshi biteguye kwitabira ibikorwa byo kongera gukoresha ingufu za elegitoronikiudusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyegupakira. Ariko, bitewe n'uko hari ahantu hake ho kongera gukoresha ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa “recycling” n'imiyoboro mike yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa “recycling”, abantu benshi bashyira ibyo bikoresho mu gisanduku cy'imyanda cy'abaturage kugira ngo byorohereze, bategereje ko abakozi b'isuku babikemura. Kwagura imiyoboro yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa “recycling” no kunoza uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa “recycling” biracyari uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kongera ubushobozi bw'ubuyobozi bwita ku bidukikije bwa “express political governance”.udusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariye gupfunyika.

Ikoreshwa ry'imashini ishobora kongera gukoreshwa mu buryo bw'icyitegererezoudusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyegupakira byakomeje gutera imbere.

Mu by’ukuri, guhera mu 2021, Ibiro by’Iposita bya Leta, bifatanyije n’Urwego rw’Ubushinjacyaha bw’Ikirenga, Komisiyo y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n’Ivugurura, Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi n’andi mashami, bakoze akazi k’igerageza ku ikoreshwa rinini ry’amapaki ashobora kongera gukoreshwa. Ibisubizo bya mbere byagezweho mu kunoza ikoreshwa ryabyo nko mu nzego za leta, 3C, n’uburyo bushya bwo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho nk’uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho mu buryo busanzwe no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho mu buryo busanzwe, no kuvugurura ibikoresho by’ibicuruzwa n’uburyo bwa tekiniki.

Mu ishami rya Kaminuza ya Bohai i Jinzhou, mu Ntara ya Liaoning, imbere y'aho iposita ihagarara, agasanduku k'icyatsi kibisi gaherutse gukoreshwa ni igikoresho cy'ikoranabuhanga cyo gutunganya ibintu gikozwe mu buryo bwa corrugated box cyakozwe na Liaoning Post na Kaminuza ya Jinzhou Bohai, uretse amakarito, gashobora no kongera gukoresha ibitabo n'amacupa ya pulasitiki.

Abakozi ba Tian Yufeng bo mu biro by'iposita bya Liaoning: ibi bishobora kongera gukoreshwa bitakoreshejwe, bishobora kongera gukoreshwa bitakoreshejwe, ntibishobora kongera gukoreshwa bitabwa imbere, mu by'ukuri nyuma y'iminsi itatu cyangwa ine byuzuye, umuvuduko wa hydraulic wavuzwe haruguru uziyongera, nyuma yo gukanda tuzawujyana mu kigo gishinzwe kongera gukoresha.

Mu bubiko bw'urubuga rw'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti, umunyamakuru yabonye ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuhanga mu gupakira ibicuruzwa, iyo imbunda y'intego ikoresheje gupima ibicuruzwa, sisitemu y'inyuma izahita ibarura ubwoko bukwiye bw'agasanduku k'ibipfunyika gahuye n'ingano y'ibicuruzwa, kandi ikagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho byo gupakira binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y'ibipfunyika.

Uretse urubuga rw'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti, amasosiyete acuruza ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki (e-commerce), arimo no kwitabira ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere no kwamamaza ibicuruzwa byo gupakira byoroshye kongera gukoresha no kongera gukoresha mu mpera. Mu iduka rya Courier riri i Shanghai, umunyamakuru yabonye ahantu hihariye ho kongera gukoresha iplastike. Isoko rya express rizakurwa mu ipaki y'imyanda y'umukiriya yo kongera gukoresha iplastike maze ryohererezwe ikigo gisanzwe cyo kongera gukoresha iplastike, hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu bya tekiniki, ipaki nshya yakozwe irimo 30% bya plastiki yasubiwemo, kandi izasubizwa ikigo cya Courier kugira ngo gikoreshwe, bikore uburyo bwo gukoresha uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha ipaki.

Zhao Guojun, Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Iterambere ry’Amaposita, Kaminuza y’Iposita n’Itumanaho rya Beijing: Gupakira no kongera gukoresha ibikomoka ku bidukikije mu buryo bw’ibidukikije hamwe n’ibindi bipimo bigamije kugabanya ikiguzi, imikorere myiza, kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere icyarimwe, ikiruta byose, ubushobozi bwo guteza imbere ubukungu bw’inganda buzakomeza kwiyongera.

Imiyoborere ijyanye no gupakira ibintu mu buryo bwa "Express Packing" iracyakeneye gukorana

Nubwo inzego z'igihugu zishinzwe kugenzura inganda z'amaposita, ibigo bitanga serivisi zo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa "Express Delivery", urubuga rw'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti, nibindi, zikora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere imiyoborere yo gupakira, ibibazo byo gupakira biterwa n'amapake abarirwa muri za miriyoni amagana buri munsi nabyo ni ibibazo inganda zigomba guhura nabyo kandi zigomba gukemurwa. Ubuyobozi bw'ibidukikije bwo gupakira mu buryo bwa "Express Packing" "aho imbogamizi" iherereye he? Ni gute wanoza urwego rwo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho? Tugaruke ku bushakashatsi bw'umunyamakuru.

Impuguke zabwiye abanyamakuru ko muri iki gihe, ubumenyi bw’inganda zikoresha ingufu zidasanzwe mu iterambere ritangiza ibidukikije mu Bushinwa bwagiye bwiyongera buhoro buhoro, akazi ko gupakira ibikoresho bigezweho mu buryo burambye kageze ku musaruro wa mbere. Ariko, ugereranije n’ibisabwa mu iterambere rifite ireme, haracyari inenge mu bijyanye no guhuza ibikorwa, gukorana neza no gukora neza.

Zhao Guojun, umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi ku iterambere ry’amaposita, Kaminuza y’amaposita n’itumanaho ya Beijing: Icya mbere ni uko ikiguzi cy’icyatsi kibisiudusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyeGupakira birakabije cyane. Urugero, amasanduku yo gupakira ashobora kongera gukoreshwa, ikiguzi cyo kugura kiri hejuru y’ikarito ifite ibisobanuro bimwe, hamwe n’amafaranga yo kugarura, gusukura, gutakaza, gutanga ibikoresho n’andi mafaranga yo gucunga imikorere, umutwaro w’ibigo uzakomeza kwiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, ikindi kintu ni uko uruhererekane rw’imikoranire hagati y’ibigo byo hejuru n’ibyo hasi byaudusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyeGukora ibipfunyika, urubuga rw’ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti, n’ibigo bitanga ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa vuba ntibirashyirwaho.

Mu rwego rwo kunoza ubushobozi bw'imiyoborere irengera ibidukikije bwa serivisi zishinzwe ikoranabuhangaudusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyeGupakira, mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, Ibiro by'Iposita bya Leta byashyize mu bikorwa umushinga w’iterambere ry’ibidukikije "9218", wagaragaje neza ko mu mpera z'umwaka, igipimo cy’amapaki ya elegitoroniki yo mu bwoko bwa e-commerce kitari kigeze kuri 90%, kandi byakomeje guteza imbere kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’amapaki menshi n’imyanda ya pulasitiki, kandi ikoreshwa ry’amapaki ya elegitoroniki yo mu bwoko bwa e-commerce ashobora kongera gukoreshwa ryageze kuri miliyari 1. Amasanduku miliyoni 800 ya corrugated afite ubuziranenge bwiza azasubirwamo kandi akoreshwe. Muri urwo rwego, impuguke zavuze ko hakiri ngombwa guteza imbere iterambere ry’ibidukikije n’uruziga rya elegitoroniki.udusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyegupfunyika.

Zhao Guojun, Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku Iterambere ry’Amaposita, Kaminuza y’Iposita n’Itumanaho ya Beijing: Igikenewe muri rusange cyo gushyira hamwe imbaraga za leta, ibigo n’abaturage. Ku rwego rwa leta, tugomba kongera uburyo bwo gupima no gupima ipaki ya express, no gukomeza kugenzura aho ipaki ya express ituruka. Ku rwego rw’ikigo, tugomba kubahiriza igitekerezo cyo guteza imbere ibidukikije no guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya kaseti yo gupakira, amasanduku ya corrugated n’ibindi bikoresho. Ku rwego rwa leta, tugomba gushyiraho ibitekerezo byo kurengera ibidukikije by’icyatsi kibisi no gukoresha express y’icyatsi kibisi mu buryo bufatika.udusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyegupfunyika.

Hatewe intambwe nshya mu miyoborere irinda ibidukikije mu gupakira ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa "speed packing".

Dukurikije imibare y’ibiro by’iposita bya leta, kugeza mu mpera za Nzeri, igipimo cy’amapaki ya elegitoroniki yo mu bwoko bwa "e-commerce express" ntikizongera kurenza 90%, ikoreshwa ry’amapaki ya elegitoroniki ashobora kongera gukoreshwa arenga miliyoni 800, ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gutunganya imyanda yo mu maposita ya elegitoroniki byageze ku 127.000, amasanduku ya elegitoroniki afite ubuziranenge arenga miliyoni 600. Ibi bigaragaza ko igitekerezo cy’iterambere ry’ibidukikije cyihutishije inzira yose y’iterambere ry’inganda zitanga serivisi za elegitoroniki.

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byo mu Bushinwa bitwara ibicuruzwa bya vuba bwakomeje kuzamuka cyane. Cyane cyane kuva muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, ingano y’ibikorwa byo mu nganda zitwara ibicuruzwa bya vuba yarenze miliyari 10 buri kwezi, aho ingano y’ibikorwa byo mu nganda zitwara ibicuruzwa bya vuba ikomeje kwiyongera umwaka ku wundi mu gihembwe cya kabiri n’icya gatatu yakomeje kwiyongera. Ibihumbi byinshi by’ibicuruzwa bya vuba byazamuye uburyo bwo gupakira, kandi ikoreshwa ry’impapuro buri mwaka mu nganda zitwara ibicuruzwa bya vuba ryagaragaje iterambere ryihuse, kandi ibicuruzwa byinshi bya vuba biracyafite uburyo bwo gupakira bukabije, ibyo bikaba byarateje igitutu gikomeye ku bidukikije.

Raporo y'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya 20 y'Ishyaka yagaragaje ko tugomba gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zihamye zo kubungabunga ibidukikije, guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry'umutungo utandukanye mu buryo buhendutse kandi bwihuta, no kwihutisha iyubakwa ry'uburyo bwo kongera gutunganya imyanda. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, inzego zibishinzwe zihutishije guteza imbere imicungire y'ibipfunyika bya express mu bijyanye no gushyiraho amategeko, gutangiza ibipimo ngenderwaho, amabwiriza ya politiki, no gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga ijyanye n'ibidukikije, kandi zishyiraho ibisabwa mu mibare yo kongera gutunganya ibipfunyika bya express nk'amasashe yo gutwara ibintu ashobora kongera gukoreshwa n'amasanduku ya express ashobora kongera gukoreshwa.

Ukurikije amakuru, imiyoborere ishingiye ku bidukikije mu gupakira ibicuruzwa bya express yageze ku musaruro utangaje, ariko kuki abantu benshi bumva ko bivanze n'icyatsi kibisi?udusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyeGupakira ntibigaragara mu buzima bwa buri munsi? Ibi kandi bitangirana n'uburyo bwo gupakira imyanda ikoreshejwe vuba. Muri iki gihe, gupakira imyanda ikoreshejwe vuba bigizwe ahanini n'ibicuruzwa bipakira, gupakira ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti no gupakira serivisi zo gutanga. Mu buryo bw'ibikoresho, gupakira imyanda ikoreshejwe vuba bigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: impapuro na pulasitiki. Muri byo, amabahasha, udusanduku two gupakira n'indi myanda yo gupakira impapuro, binyuze mu kongera gukoresha imikorere y'abaturage, kongera gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, kongera gukoresha nyuma yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho n'ubundi buryo, abarenga 90% bashobora gukoresha umutungo.

Ariko, ugereranyije n’ubwiyongere bw’ubucuruzi bukomeje kwiyongera, ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa riracyari rito muri rusange. Impamvu nyamukuru ni izi zikurikira: iya mbere, ikiguzi cyo gupakira kiri hejuru, dufatiye urugero ku gasanduku gashobora kongera gukoreshwa, ikiguzi cyo kugura kiri inshuro 15 kugeza kuri 20 z’ikarita imwe, hamwe n’ikiguzi cyo kuyisubiza, kuyisukura, kuyitakaza, kuyigabanyiriza hamwe n’ibindi bikoresho byo gucunga imikorere, ugereranije n’amakarito asanzwe, ikiguzi cyo gukoresha rimwe gusa kiriyongera cyane; Iya kabiri, biragoye kongera gukoreshwa ku ruhande rw’umuguzi, bamwe mu baguzi ntibazi igitekerezo cy’icyatsi kibisi, bataramenya umuco wo gupakira ibintu bizunguruka, kandi ntibasobanukiwe kandi ntibafatanye no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa, kandi biragoye gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi no kongera gukoreshwa.

Hari kandi ikintu kidashobora kwirengagizwa ni uko imiyoborere irengera ibidukikije ya express udusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyeGupakira ahanini bigarukira ku nganda zitanga ibicuruzwa, kandi imbaraga zihuza ibigo byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi ndetse n'inganda ntabwo zikomeye cyangwa se hafi ya zose, kandi sisitemu y'ubuyobozi bw'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa iratarashyirwaho. Dufashe urugero rurenga 80% by'ibyoherezwa mu bucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki, nta buryo bwo gupakira bukoreshwa mu bucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki buhari, kandi abaguzi ntibashobora kwihitiramo ubwabo.

Kugira ngo hatezwe imbere uburyo bwo gupakira ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa "express packing", hagomba kubaho amahame n'amabwiriza akomeye. Ni ngombwa kunoza amahame n'amabwiriza agenga amategeko, kwita ku mibanire myiza y'amabwiriza n'amahame, gukomeza guteza imbere kongerwamo ingingo zigamije iterambere ryita ku bidukikije n'ibikomoka ku bidukikije mu buryo bwa "carbon" nke mu mabwiriza ajyanye nabyo, no guteza imbere umushinga no gushyiraho amahame ngenderwaho nko kugabanya uburyo bwo kubara ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwa "packing" n'ibikomoka ku bidukikije mu buryo bwa "carbon" mu buryo bwa "express packing". Ibikorwa bitemewe n'amategeko nko kwanduza pulasitiki no gupakira ibintu mu buryo bwa "express packing" bigomba guhanwa bikomeye, kugira ngo bigire ingaruka mbi.

Guteza imbere iterambere ryita ku bipfunyika byihuse ntabwo ari inshingano z'umwe mu bagize itsinda runaka, kandi ni ngombwa guteza imbere imiyoborere y'uruhererekane rwose. Gushimangira uruhare rw'ingenzi mu gukora ibipfunyika, urubuga rw'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti, inganda z'ibicuruzwa n'izindi nganda, no guteza imbere inzira yose yo gushushanya, gukora, kugurisha no gukoresha ibipfunyika byihuse, kongera no gutatanya ibipfunyika. Kongera inkunga ikwiye mu rwego rwa politiki, gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo byo kongera gukoresha ibipfunyika byihuse, no kwagura urwego rw'ibikorwa remezo.udusanduku two gupfunyikamo ibiryo by'umugati byihariyeGupakira. Ibigo bitanga serivisi zo gupakira bigomba kandi kwagura uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa bidafite ibidukikije, gukora cyane mu gutunganya no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bipakira bidafite ibidukikije, no kunoza uburyo umutungo ukoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, ni ngombwa kongera imbaraga n'ubugari bw'uburyo bwo kwamamaza ibidukikije no gushyiraho ikirere cyita ku bidukikije.