umukoroagasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokora

Twemera ko shokora ikomoka ku bishyimbo bya kakao bikomoka ku giti cya kakao cyo mu gasozi mu ishyamba ry’inzitane ryo muri Amerika yo Hagati. Hashize imyaka irenga 1300, Abahinde b’Abamaya bo muri Yorktan bakoze ikinyobwa cyitwa shokora hamwe n’ibishyimbo bya kakao byokejwe. Shokora yo mu ntangiriro yari ikinyobwa cy’amavuta, kuko ibishyimbo bya kakao byokejwe byari bifite ibinure birenga 50%, maze abantu batangira kongeramo ifu n’ibindi bintu birimo ibinyampeke mu kinyobwa kugira ngo bagabanye amavuta yacyo.

Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 16, umushakashatsi w'Umunya-Esipanye Hernán Cortes yavumbuye muri Megizike: umwami w'Abaziteki wo muri ako gace yanyoye ikinyobwa gikozwe mu bishyimbo bya kakao, amazi n'ibirungo, Cortes yakizanye mu 1528 amaze gusogongera muri Esipanye, maze atera ibiti bya kakao ku kirwa gito cyo muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba.

Abanya-Esipanyoli basyaga ibishyimbo bya kakao bakabishyiramo ifu, bongeramo amazi n'isukari, hanyuma bakabishyushya kugira ngo bakore ikinyobwa cyitwa "shokolati",  agasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokora Bidatinze, uburyo bwo kuyikora bwamenyekanye n'Abataliyani, maze bukwirakwira mu Burayi bwose.

 

Mu 1642, shokora yazanywe mu Bufaransa nk'umuti kandi ikoreshwa n'Abagatolika.

Mu 1765, shokora yinjiye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika maze ishimwa na Benjamin Franklin nk "deseri nziza kandi ifite intungamubiri."

Mu 1828, Van HOUTEN mu Buholandi yakoze imashini ya kakao kugira ngo ikuremo ifu isigaye muri kakao. Amavuta ya kakao yakuwemo na Van HOUTEN avangwa n'ibishyimbo bya kakao byaseye n'isukari yera, maze shokora ya mbere ku isi iravuka. Nyuma yo gushya, kumisha no gukaranga, ibishyimbo bya kakao bitunganywamo kakao, amavuta ya kakao n'ifu ya kakao, bizatanga impumuro nziza kandi idasanzwe. Iyi mpumuro karemano ni yo ngingo nyamukuru ya shokora.

Mu 1847, amavuta ya kakao yongewe mu kinyobwa cya shokora kugira ngo hakorwe icyo ubu kizwi nka shokora ihekenya.

Mu 1875, Ubusuwisi bwavumbuye uburyo bwo gukora shokora y'amata, bityo bugira shokora ubona.

Mu 1914, Intambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose yatumye habaho ikorwa rya shokora, yoherezwa ku rugamba kugira ngo ishyirwe ku basirikare.

agasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokoraShokora ikorwa mu ruvange rw'ibintu byinshi, ariko uburyohe bwayo bushingiye ahanini ku buryohe bwa kakao ubwayo. Kakao irimo theobromine na kafeyine, bitanga uburyohe bwiza bwo gusharira; tannins muri kakao zifite uburyohe bwo gusharira gato, kandi amavuta ya kakao ashobora gutanga uburyohe bw'ibinure n'ubworoshye. Ubusharire, gusharira, n'ubusharire bwa kakao, uburyohe bwa kakao, hifashishijwe isukari cyangwa ifu y'amata, amavuta y'amata, malt, lecithin, vanillin n'ibindi bikoresho by'inyongera, kandi nyuma y'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gutunganya, shokora ntikomeza gusa uburyohe bwihariye bwa kakao ahubwo inatuma irushaho kuba nziza, ishimishije kandi iryoshye.

Ikipe yacu kandi yibanda kuagasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokora ku giti cyawe.Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa muri iki gihe ni impapuro z'ubugeni, icyuma cy'umweru, icyuma cy'umukara n'ikarito, nibindi. Aha, reka nkubwire itandukaniro riri hagati y'impapuro z'umweru zisanzwe n'impapuro z'umweru zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ibiribwa.

Impapuro za Kraft zakoreshejwe cyane mu gupfunyika ibiryo bitandukanyeagasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokora, ariko kubera ko ingano y'urumuri rw'impapuro zisanzwe z'umweru zikoreshwa mu gushushanya ubusanzwe iba iri hejuru inshuro nyinshi kurusha izisanzwe, impapuro z'umweru zikoreshwa mu gushushanya gusa ni zo zishobora gukoreshwa mu gupfunyika ibiryo.

None se, itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibyo byombi ni irihe?

Gutandukanya icyiciro cya mbere: umweru

Impapuro zo mu bwoko bwa kraft zongereraho ubwiza buke, umweru uba muke, kandi ibara risa n'umuhondo muto. Impapuro zo mu bwoko bwa kraft zisanzwe zongereyeho ubwiza bwinshi, bityo umweru uba mwinshi cyane.

Igipimo cya 2 gitandukanya: Kugenzura ivu

Impapuro z'umweru zo mu bwoko bwa kraft zifite amahame agenga igenzura rikomeye, kandi ibipimo bitandukanye bishyirwaho hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu rwego rw'ibiribwa. Kubwibyo, ingano y'ivu ry'impapuro z'umweru zo mu bwoko bwa kraft zigenzurwa ku rwego rwo hasi cyane, mu gihe ingano y'ivu ry'impapuro z'umweru zo mu bwoko bwa kraft zisanzwe ari nyinshi kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi.

Icyiciro cya Gatatu Gitandukanye: Raporo y'Ikizamini

Dukurikije ibisabwa mu gupfunyika ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu gihugu cyanjye, impapuro z'umweru zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zigomba gutsinda isuzuma rya QS, mu gihe impapuro zisanzwe zo zitagomba gutsinda isuzuma ryazo.

Gutandukanya igipimo cya kane: igiciro

Nubwo igiciro kitari gitandukanye cyane, ni n'agaciro gakomeye. Impapuro z'umweru zo mu bwoko bwa kraft zirahenze kurusha impapuro zisanzwe zo mu bwoko bwa kraft.

Nyuma yo kwerekana muri make ibikoresho, reka tuvuge no ku bwoko bw'agasanduku gakoreshwa mu gupfunyika shokora

Muri iki gihe, ingenziagasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokoraUbwoko ni: Ishusho yo hejuru n'iy'ibanze, agasanduku gafunga magneti, agasanduku k'ikarita, n'ibindi.

Hari uburyo butatu butandukanye bwo kugaragaza mu gukora agasanduku k'impano ko hejuru n'ako hasi

ItsindambereUbwoko bw'agasanduku k'impano gatwikiriwe na shokora, agasanduku k'impano gatwikiriwe na buckle world cover box ko hejuru n'ahasi biroroshye mu gukora. Kagizwe n'ibice bibiri, igipfukisho cyo hejuru n'agace ko hasi, byoroshye gukoresha imashini. Ingano y'igipfukisho cyo hejuru ni nini gato ugereranyije n'ingano y'agace ko hasi. Udupfukisho two hejuru n'ahasi Kugira ngo ukoreshe neza, imiterere myiza y'agasanduku k'impano ni uko agace ko hasi gashobora kugwa buhoro buhoro kandi mu bwisanzure. Udupfukisho two hejuru n'ahasi gashobora gushushanywa nk'igipfukisho cyo gupfuka hasi, cyangwa gishobora gupfuka igice cy'agasanduku ko hasi.

ItsindaisegondaUbwoko bw'agasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokora ni ugukora agasanduku k'impano gafite impande zikikije. Uretse igipfundikizo cyo hejuru n'icyo hasi, hagati hari urufatiro rw'inyongera. Ingano y'agasanduku k'impapuro ni imwe n'iy'agasanduku ko hasi. Iyo agasanduku k'impapuro gahuye n'agasanduku ko hasi, nta gutandukana cyangwa kugorana bizabaho, kandi ikorwa ry'agasanduku k'impano gafite impande eshatu kandi gafite urwego runini mu bijyanye n'ingaruka zigaragara; Gashobora kandi gushushanywa ku buryo uburebure bw'igipfundikizo cyo hejuru buba buto ugereranyije n'uburebure bw'igipfundikizo cyo hasi.

Itsindaicya gatatuUbwoko bw'agasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokora gahujwe n'igipfundikizo cy'ijuru n'isi. Agasanduku k'impano gakozwe nk'agasanduku k'impano gakikije isi, itandukaniro ni uko inyuma y'agasanduku k'impano gapakiye impapuro z'inyama, kandi impande z'ibumoso n'iburyo z'agasanduku k'impano akenshi zihuzwa n'udushumi, dushobora gufungurwa no gufungwa neza.

Agasanduku ko gupakira impano gafite ipfundo rya magnet ni uko umubiri w'agasanduku n'igipfundikizo cy'agasanduku bitandukanijwe, nk'uko bimeze ku isanduku, kandi hari agace gafatanye inyuma. Agasanduku k'imashini ni agasanduku k'impano gasanzwe, kuko gafunguka mu gipfundikizo, bityo kitwa agasanduku k'imashini. . Ikindi kintu kiranga agasanduku k'imashini ni uko magneti asanzwe akenewe. Andi moko y'agasanduku muri rusange ntakenera magneti, ibyo bikaba bishobora no kuvugwa ko ari byo biranga udusanduku tw'imashini. Birumvikana ko iki kintu na cyo gifite ingorane nyinshi, nko guhitamo magneti ni ikintu kigoye cyane.

Magneti kandi zifite magneti zifite impande imwe n'impande ebyiri. Kubera ko magneti zifite impande imwe zihendutse kandi zifite ubushobozi bwo gukurura neza, abakora udusanduku tw'impano benshi bahitamo magneti zifite impande imwe; magneti zifite impande ebyiri nazo zitwa magneti zikomeye. Gukurura ni byiza cyane, ariko igiciro kirahenze. Muri rusange ikoreshwa ku dusanduku tumwe na tumwe dufite ibisabwa byinshi. Muri two, ingano ya magneti nayo igenwa hakurikijwe ingano y'agasanduku. Iyo agasanduku ari kanini ugereranyije, magneti nini ishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo ifate. Kugira ngo ubwiza burusheho kuba bwiza, magneti ebyiri z'ibumoso n'iburyo zikoreshwa mu dusanduku tw'amaboko.

Birumvikana ko, uretseagasanduku k'impano gapfundikiye shokora, tunatanga amasakoshi y'impapuro yihariye, udupapuro twa stikeri, udupira n'impapuro zikoporora, impapuro zirinda gushya.

Isoko riri gutera imbere ryaguriye ikoreshwa ry'amakarito mu nzego zitandukanye. Uretse gucapa amashusho meza cyane, gukora amakarito bisaba no gutunganya impapuro zometseho, gukata, gushushanya no gushyiraho impapuro.

Ubwiza bw'umusaruro wa buri gikorwa bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bwiza bw'umusaruro wa nyuma. Kubwibyo, buri gikorwa ni ingenzi cyane.

Kugeza ubu, udusanduku twinshi tw’impapuro mu Bushinwa turacyakorwa n’intoki.

Impapuro zo gushyiramo igitambaro

01 Ibikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho

Ibikoresho bikenewe ahanini birimo imashini ikora kole n'imashini ikora neza; ibikoresho by'inyongera bikenewe birimo latex.

Ingingo 2 z'ibikorwa

① Reba urutonde rw'umusaruro hanyuma urebe ubwiza bw'impapuro zo mu gikoni. Ubushuhe busanzwe bw'impapuro zo mu gikoni ni 12%.

② Kugira ngo utegure kole, igipimo cy'uburemere bwa buri gice ni: latex yera: amazi = 3:1.

③ Shyira impapuro z'umweru imbere, shyira impapuro z'ikarito ku isahani iri imbere y'imashini ifata kole, hanyuma ushyire impapuro ku bakora ku mpande zombi umwe umwe hakurikijwe umuvuduko w'imashini ifata kole, hanyuma umukozi afate agasanduku mbere. Ikarito, hanyuma impapuro z'imbere zipfutse kole, zihuze n'impande ebyiri zisanzwe z'ikarito. Mu gihe cyo kwakira impapuro, byombi bigomba gukorana mu ituze. Uburangare buto bushobora gutuma impapuro zicika cyangwa zigacika.

④ Kuraho, shyira impapuro zishyirwa ku ikarito mu mashini iraho, shyiramo umuvuduko wa 20MPa, hanyuma igihe ni iminota 5.

⑤ Nyuma y'uko umusaruro urangiye, isuzuma ubwawe, ubarure ingano hanyuma umanike icyapa kiranga umusaruro, hanyuma wohereze mu gikorwa gikurikira cyo kuwukora.

Ibikoresho byo kugenzura birimo: isuku y'ubuso bw'impapuro, nka kole ikoreshwa mu gupfunyika, gufata neza no kugira isuku, n'ibindi.

03 Amabwiriza yo kwirinda

① Witondere ingaruka z'ikigereranyo cy'ubukorikori ku buryo bworoshye bw'urupapuro, kandi ugenzure uburyo bungana mu gihe ukoresha kole.

② Mu gushyiraho impapuro zometseho, zigomba kuba zigororotse kandi ziri ahantu hazo, kandi impapuro zometseho ntizigomba kurenza impande z’impapuro zometseho.

③ Kole yateguwe ntigomba kuba nto cyane kugira ngo wirinde ko impapuro z'imbere zitangira gushwanyagurika.

④ Karaba intoki zawe kenshi kugira ngo urebe neza ko ubuso bw'impapuro busukuye.

Impapuro zo gukora no gusiga amavuta

Gukora no gushyiraho impapuro ni cyo gikorwa kigoye kandi kigoye cyane mu gukora agasanduku. Ni mu gukora ibintu bikomeye no mu buryo bunoze mu gukora, ubuziranenge bushobora kwemezwa.

01 Ibikoresho, ibishushanyo n'ibindi bikoresho

Ibikoresho bikenewe ni imashini ifata kole n'imashini ikoresha imashini ikubita.

Ibikoresho bikenewe birimo gukuba, agakoresho k’inyongera, agakoresho ko gupfunyika, icyuma cya pulasitiki, n’uburoso bw’umukara.

Ibikoresho by'inyongera bikenewe ni kole 168, kole ifite ibyuma bibiri, umukandara wa rubber, ethanoli yuzuye, n'igitambaro cy'ipamba.

Ingingo 2 z'ibikorwa

① Reba amabwiriza y'umusaruro n'ingero z'umusaruro kugira ngo urebe niba ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa.

② Kora igenzura rya mbere ry'ibintu mbere yo kubitunganya ku bwinshi.

③ Tegura igice cy'agasanduku.

Shyira impapuro zaciwe ku meza, hanyuma ushyire kole ku mpande nto zombi; shyira impande enye z'impapuro zaciwe ku mpande zombi hejuru, kanda uruhande runini ku rundi ruhande, hanyuma uhambire n'imigozi ibiri ya rubber, inguni ya 45 ° ishyizwe ku ipantalo, isuzuma ryihariye rinyuzeho, ibimenyetso bimanitse, nyuma yo kuyumisha umwuka, wimurire ku gikorwa gikurikiraho.

④ Shyiraho igice cy'agasanduku.

Shyira kole ku rupapuro rw'imbere rw'agasanduku neza, hanyuma ushyire ishusho y'agasanduku neza ku murongo w'inyuma w'agapapuro k'imbere;

Shyiraho agace k'inyongera hanyuma ugondoze impande enye hasi ku nguni ya 90°;

Kuramo agace k'inyongera, uzinge inkombe y'amaraso imbere, hanyuma ukoreshe agakoresho ko gukata imigano kugira ngo impande enye z'agasanduku zigorore neza;

Hindura agasanduku uhagaze, hanyuma uhanagure impande n'imfuruka by'impande enye ukoresheje igikumwe cyawe;

Hanyuma shyiramo agace k'inyongera, hanagura agatambaro ko mu maso ukoresheje umwenda wa flannel uhereye imbere ugana inyuma, niba hari ibara rya kole, hanagura neza ukoresheje umwenda wa flannel winjijwe muri etanoli nkeya;

Shyira umwuka mu kirere kugira ngo uhuze neza; fata imyobo kugira ngo urebe neza ko imyobo iri mu mwanya ukwiye.

⑤ Ubwiza bw'igenzura bwite burakenewe, ikirere n'igipfukisho cy'isi birahambirwa, ingano irabarirwa kandi icyapa kiranga umuntu kiramanikwa, hanyuma kigashyikirizwa igenzura hanyuma kigapfunyikwa.

Ibikoresho byo kugenzura birimo: ingaruka zo gukora, ingaruka zo guhuza, isuku y'ubuso, nko kuba agasanduku gafite ubugari n'ubugari, gukomera no kugira isuku, urumuri, n'ibindi.

03 Amabwiriza yo kwirinda

① Mu guteranya agasanduku, impande enye z'agasanduku zigomba kuba zikomeye kandi zidafite umugozi, kandi impande enye n'inyuma bigomba kuba byoroshye. Kubikoresha cyane imbere cyangwa inyuma bizatera ikibazo ku mpapuro zo gushyiramo. Birabujijwe cyane kwimurira mu buryo bukurikira iyo kole idakonje.

② Mu gihe ushyiraho impapuro zo hejuru, menya neza ko uzihanagura n'igitambaro cya flannel kugira ngo zifatanye neza, kandi zigatuma ubuso burushaho kuba bwiza kandi butagira utubuto tw'umwuka n'ibizinga bya kole.

③ Mu gihe usya impande ukoresheje icyuma gisya, impande enye zigomba gusya neza kugira ngo inkingi enye zidahinduka cyangwa ngo zihinduke.

④ Komeza intoki zawe zisukuye kandi ugire isuku ku meza yo kubaga kugira ngo wirinde ko ibikorwa byanduye biguma ku rupapuro ruri mu gasanduku.