Ubuchwepheshe bokuvala kanye nemishini
Ukuvala kubhekisela ezinqubweni ezahlukahlukene zokuvala ezenziwa ngemva kokupakisha amabhokisi okupakisha e-baklava athengiswa ngobuningi umkhiqizo ngezinto zokupakisha noma izitsha zokupakisha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kuhlala ephaketheni futhi kugweme ukungcola ngesikhathi sokujikeleziswa, ukuthuthwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokuthengiswa. Inencazelo ebanzi futhi ibizwa nangokuthi ukuvala, ukuvala, noma ukuvala. Ngemva kokuqeda ukupakisha izintoamabhokisi okupakisha e-baklava athengiswa ngobuningiEsitsheni, umshini ovala isitsha ubizwa ngokuthi imishini yokuvala. Izitsha zokupakisha ezahlukene zinezindlela ezahlukene zokuvala, futhi izinhlobo zezinhlobo zokuvala kanye nemishini yokuvala ziyahlukahluka. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindlela zokuvala, izinto kanye nezingxenye ezisetshenziswa enqubweni yokuvala nokupakisha. ezihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo ngokuya ngokuba khona noma ukungabikho kwezinto zokuvala kanye nezindlela ezahlukene zokuvala.
(1)Azikho izinto zokuvala, kukhona ukuvala okucindezelwe ngokushisa, ukuvala ngokushisela, ukuvala okuhlanganisiwe, ukuvala okugoqekayo kanye nokuvala nge-plug-in.
(2)Kukhona izinto zokuvala, okuhlanganisa ukuvala okugoqayo, ukuvala okugoqayo, ukuvala ingcindezi kanye nokuvala okujiyile.
(3)Kukhona izinto zokuvala ezisizayo. Lolu hlobo lokuvala luhlanganisa ukuvala izibopho kanye nokuvala i-tape.
Empilweni yansuku zonke, le mikhiqizo yokuvala ingabonakala yonke indawo, njengamabhodlela engilazi kabhiya, i-soda nezinye iziphuzo ezine-carbonated. Ngokuyinhloko yimikhiqizo yokuvala ingcindezi, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi imishini yokuvala izikhala. Imikhiqizo yamanzi asemabhodleleni kanye nemikhiqizo yemithi ivame ukuvalwa nge-screw cap, futhi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi imishini yokuvala izikhala. Ukudla okusemathinini ezitsheni ze-tinplate kuvalwa nge-crimping and sealing, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umshini wokuvala ithini. Ngeke ngibabhale ngamunye ngamunye. Bonke bangaphansi kwesigaba semishini yokupakisha.
1. Imisebenzi kanye nezinhlobo zezinamathiselo
Indlela yokubopha imikhiqizo yokupakisha usebenzisa izinamathiseli ibizwa ngokuthi inqubo yokunamathela. Izinzuzo zayo inqubo elula, umkhiqizo ophezulu, amandla aphezulu okubopha, ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka okufanayo, ukuvala okuhle, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okubanzi, kanye nokwanda kokushisa kanye nezakhiwo zokuvimbela ukushisa. Isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokupakisha ukubopha izinto ezahlukahlukene njengephepha, indwangu, ukhuni, ipulasitiki, kanye nensimbi. Idlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni zokubopha, ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe, ukuvala ibhokisi, ukukhumula, kanye nokulebula.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinamathiselo ezinezithako eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi izinto eziningi zemvelo nezokwenziwa zingasetshenziswa njengezinamathiselo. Ngokwemvelo yezinto eziyisisekelo zesinamathiselo, singahlukaniswa sibe izinamathiselo ezingaphili kanye nezinamathiselo eziphilayo; ngokwesimo somzimba sesinamathiselo, singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: uhlobo oluncibilika emanzini, uhlobo lwesinyibilikisi kanye nohlobo oluncibilika kakhulu; ngokuya ngokuthi isinamathiselo siyashiswa yini lapho sisebenza, sihlukaniswe sibe yi-cold glue kanye nesinamathiselo esincibilika kakhulu.
2. Ukubopha iglue ebandayo akudingi ukufudumeza futhi kwenziwa ekushiseni kwegumbi.
Kukhona izinti ezincibilika emanzini kanye nezinti ezincibilika emanzini. Izinti ezincibilika emanzini zifanelekela kuphela ukubopha okuncibilika kwamadigri ayi-120 okungasebenzisi imishini yokuhlanganisa amanzi ngenxa yemikhawulo yezinhlobo, ukuphepha, imithetho yokuvikela imvelo, kanye nokuphepha kokukhiqiza. Endabeni yezinti, izinti ezincibilika emanzini zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni. Uhlobo lwe-Dongji Xinheli lusetshenziswe isikhathi eside kakhulu ekupakisheni futhi lunomthamo omkhulu kakhulu. Izinzuzo zalo ukusebenza okulula, izindleko eziphansi zokuphepha kanye namandla aphezulu okubopha. Lungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: izinti ezincibilika emanzini zemvelo kanye nezinti ezincibilika emanzini zokwenziwa. Luyinti encibilika emanzini yemvelo engonga amandla aphansi kanye namandla aphezulu. Isexwayiso sohlobo lwe-Fu. Inhloso eyinhloko ukuvala amabhokisi nephepha. Lwenziwe ngamapayipi ephepha eliyimpuphu eliqinile kanye nezikhwama zephepha. Lwenziwe ngofulawa noma imifino eluhlaza. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ikhadibhodi le-Wabo, gwema ukusebenzisa isitashi. Inti enamathelayo. Izinzuzo zalo ukuthi kulula ukuyibumba nokunamathela emathinini ensimbi, ingakwazi ukubopha kahle iphepha, futhi inokumelana okuhle nokushisa. Inkinga ukuthi ukuphambuka kokunamathela kuncane kakhulu.
Ukunamathela okubi kumapulasitiki kanye nezingubo, ukumelana kwamanzi okubi. Izinto zokuhlanganisa izinto kanye nesendlalelo sokubulala, njengeglue yezilwane, zingasetshenziswa njengengxenye eyinhloko yenhlanganisela yokuphinda imanziswe yetheyiphu yokuvala, kanye nenhlanganisela yetheyiphu yokuvala: njengeglue eyomile, isetshenziswa kakhulu njengestikha samabhodlela kabhiya. Iglue yelebula, ngoba ingahlangabezana nokumelana kokucwiliswa emanzini abandayo okudingekayo ezikhwameni zelebula likabhiya, futhi ingagezwa ngamanzi ane-alkaline ngemva kokuba ibhodlela seliphinde lasetshenziswa. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ukwenza inhlanganisela yamakhemikhali esetshenziselwa i-Daizhi foil kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemvelo, njenge-Natural rubber emulsion, okuyi-emulsion emhlophe ekhishwe ezihlahleni zerabha, isetshenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni njengengxenye eyinhloko yeglue ye-polyethylene kanye ne-paper composites ezakhiweni zezikhwama ezinezingqimba eziningi. Ingazivala ngokucindezela, ngakho-ke ivame ukusetshenziselwa amaswidi okuzibopha. Iglue yokugoqa, amabhokisi okuvala ngokucindezela kanye nezikhwama zephepha zokuvala ngokucindezela.
Izinamathiseli zokwenziwa ezincibilika emanzini.
Iningi lalezi zinamathiseli ziyi-resin emulsions, ikakhulukazi i-polyvinyl acetate emulsion-stable suspension yezinhlayiya ze-vinyl acid emanzini. Lolu hlobo lwe-glue lusetshenziswa kakhulu ku-amabhokisi okupakisha e-baklava athengiswa ngobuningi, njengokwakha, ukuvala noma ukufaka amalebula emabhokisini, emabhokisini, emapayipini, emasakeni kanye namabhodlela. Ngenxa yochungechunge lwezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu, ithathe indawo yezinamathelisi zemvelo kakhulu.
Inqubo yokubopha iglue ebandayo
Inqubo yokubopha ye-glue glue ebandayo ingasetshenziswa ngesandla noma ngemishini yokubopha. Izinqubo eziyinhloko zokusebenza kwe-bonding yilezi: ukumboza, ukucindezela kanye nokupholisa (ukuguquguquka). Ukubopha inqubo lapho amanzi noma i-organic solvent encibilikisa i-glue ebandayo ihwamuka khona kuze kube yilapho i-glue ngokwayo iqina. Ngemva kokuba i-glue isetshenziswe ku-adherend, idinga ukuhlala esimweni sokuboshwa isikhathi eside kuze kube yilapho iqina. Sebenzisa ibhulashi noma isibhamu sokufafaza lapho uyifaka ngesandla. Lapho umboza imishini yemishini, kunezindlela ezintathu zokusebenza: Indlela yokubopha i-roller D. i-glue ebandayo esitsheni isakazwa ngama-roller ajikelezayo. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokulungisa ubukhulu be-glue: lapho i-roller ibushelelezi, ingalungiswa ngesikhala esiphakathi kobuso besondo kanye ne-scraper; lapho ubuso be-roller bune-grooves, kuncike ekujuleni kwe-groove. Indlela yokubopha i-roller ingasebenzisa ama-adhesive ekushiseni kwegumbi. Isakhiwo semishini silula futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini yokunamathisela ibhokisi eligoqiwe. Ngenxa yokuthi ingasebenzisa i-glue ngokuphelele emafolweni ebhokisi, ibhokisi lingavalwa ngokuphelele noma okuqukethwe kusesimo sempuphu. Kodwa-ke, imishini idinga ukuhlanzwa nsuku zonke, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwe-glue kukhulu; uma kusetshenziswa izixazululo zezinto eziphilayo, izinkinga zokuvikela imvelo kudingeka zicatshangelwe.
3. Indlela yokumboza i-nozzle. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokufutha i-glue nge-nozzle.
Indlela yokuhlinzeka nge-glue ku-nozzle ingaba ithangi lokucindezela noma iphampu yokucindezela. Uma ufafaza i-glue ngendlela engathintani, kunebanga elithile phakathi kwe-nozzle nento okufanele inamathele kuyo, futhi iphampu yokucindezela enokucindezela okuphezulu kokufutha isetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokombono wokulungisa,
Ngezinto ezifana nekhadibhodi eligoqiwe lapho iphephaamabhokisi okupakisha e-baklava athengiswa ngobuningiIzingcezu zivame ukuqongelela embotsheni, indlela yokungathintani ifaneleka kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokumboza nge-roller, indlela yokumboza engathintani ingalungiswa ngokungahleliwe, futhi imishini ayidingi ukuhlanzwa nsuku zonke; noma kunjalo, njengoba i-glue ifuthwa ngembobo encane, kunenkinga yokuthi i-glue izoma futhi ivimbe imbobo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezinye izinyathelo kudingeka zithathwe. Izinyathelo zifaka phakathi ukubeka imbobo endaweni enomswakama noma ukufutha umswakama ngasekupheleni kwembobo lapho umugqa wokuhlanganisa umiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinamathiseli zizosheshisa ukugqwala kwama-nozzle ensimbi, okufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa wona.
Indlela yokumboza iglue ene-acid mist. Akukho mehluko omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zokunamathisela i-spray kanye ne-nozzle gluing. Umehluko ukuthi i-dry gluing yenza i-cold glue isabalale ngesimo esiqondile, kuyilapho i-spray gluing yenza i-cold glue isabalale ngesimo se-mist, Isizathu ukuthi i-coating idinga indawo enkulu. Umphumela omuhle wokubopha ungatholakala ngokusebenzisa inani elincane le-glue, futhi isikhathi se-lamination singafinyezwa. Ububi ukuthi umugqa wokuqala awucacile. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuvaleni amabhokisi ane-corrugated 3. I-hot melt glue bonding
Kunezindlela ezintathu zokulungisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi kokusebenza kwemishini yendwangu noma igumbi le-organic solvent lapho imishini ye-roller ivaliwe.
I-hot melt glue iyi-glue eqinile esekelwe kuma-polymer e-thermoplastic. Inqubo yayo yokubopha yile: i-melting glue, i-coating, i-pressing kanye ne-solidification (cooling). Uketshezi lwe-coating luyi-glue efudumele futhi encibilikisiwe, kanti i-solidification inqubo yokupholisa i-glue encibilikisiwe. ihlukile ekubandeni.
Uketshezi lweglue luyahwamuka. Ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sokupholisa sifushane kakhulu kunesikhathi sokuhwamuka, lungazivumelanisa nesivinini esiphezulu sokukhiqiza imigqa yokukhiqiza ukupakisha okuzenzakalelayo. Luyiglue ebaluleke kakhulu ekupakisheni kwamanje. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zeglue ezishisayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Eyokuqala yi-ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), engahlanganiswa ne-wax kanye ne-resin yokuqinisa ukuze kwenziwe inhlaka ewusizo kakhulu. Umsebenzi weglue ukunciphisa i-viscosity nokulawula. Ijubane lokuphola, ukuguquguquka kanye nokumelana nokushisa kweglue, indima yeglue yokuqinisa ukulawula i-viscosity kanye nokunamathela. Uhlobo lwesibili inhlaka eshisayo yokuncibilika esekelwe ku-polyethylene enesisindo esincane sama-molecule, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekubopheni iphepha, njengokuvalwa kwebhokisi kanye nokuvalwa kwesikhwama. Uhlobo lwesithathu lweglue olusekelwe ku-polypropylene e-amorphous lusetshenziselwa iphepha lokubopha ukukhiqiza izinto zokupakisha ezingangeni manzi noma ukupakisha okuqinisiwe okunezingqimba ezimbili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinti zokunamathela ezishisayo ezihlangabezana nezinye izinjongo ezikhethekile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ziluhlobo luni lwentingi yokunamathela eshisayo, zonke zinenzuzo eyodwa efanayo, okungukuthi, zingaboshwa ngokuphola nje. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ziyaphola ngokushesha kakhulu, ukunamathela okubi kuvame ukwenzeka lapho ukuncibilika okushisayo kuqina ngaphandle kokuthinta i-substrate emanzi, futhi amandla azo ancipha ngokushesha lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. Uma zenziwe kahle, zingafaneleka kakhulu kubantu abaningi.amabhokisi okupakisha e-baklava athengiswa ngobuningiizinhlelo zokusebenza. , kodwa akufaneleki emisebenzini yokugcwalisa eshisayo kakhulu noma ekupakisheni kokubhaka.
Indlela yokunamathisela i-roller D. Le ndlela ilula, kodwa umphumela wayo wonke mubi.
Indlela yokumboza i-nozzle.
Iglue encibilikisiwe ifakwa eshubhini lokugcina iglue 6, kanti ishubhu lokugcina iglue lixhunywe embozweni wokumboza iglue 7; ibhokisi elihlanganisiwe 10 lithunyelwa endaweni yokumboza iglue ngebhande lokuhambisa 9, bese i-nozzle ifutha iglue ecindezelwe ukuze yakhe iglue engxenyeni yebhokisi. Ingqimba yeglue 8 iyagoqwa, icindezelwe futhi ipholiswe ukuze kuqedwe ukubopha. Njengoba i-nozzle ingaxhumani nebhokisi futhi iglue ifuthwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi, isivinini sokumboza siyashesha futhi siyalingana. Phakathi kwezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokubopha, yiyona esetshenziswa kakhulu.
Indlela yokumboza ngeglue eyisicaba.
Iglue encibilikisiwe igcinwa ethangini lokugcina iglue 11. Ubuso obumbozwe ngeglue bengxenye yebhokisi lekhadibhodi 13 buphansi futhi bubekwe epuletini eliyisicaba elimbozwe ngeglue 12. Ipuleti eliyisicaba elimbozwe ngeglue lihamba phezulu naphansi, liphethe ingxenye engenalutho yebhokisi ethangini lokugcina lapho lehla. Iglue ifakwa ethangini leglue, bese ikhuphuka ngokugoqa, ukucindezela nokupholisa ukuze kuqedwe ukubopha. Ipuleti eliyisicaba elimbozwe ngeglue liqoshwe ngezikhala ezingenalutho ezifanele izingxenye zeglue ezimbozwe ngeglue zebhokisi eliyisicaba, ukuze indawo ngayinye embozwe ngeglue ikwazi ukumbozwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kakhulu ekunamathiseleni amabhokisi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-27-2023
