amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi

Amazwe amakhulu akhiqiza futhi athumela isundu lesundu afaka iGibhithe, iSaudi Arabia ne-Iran. I-Iftar. Ngesikhathi seRamadan, iSaudi Arabia idla ama-metric tons angu-250,000, okulingana nengxenye yesine yomkhiqizo waminyaka yonke wama-date tons angaba yisigidi esisodwa. amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi. 

Isundu se-date, esaziwa nangokuthi isundu se-date, isundu sasePheresiya, isundu se-Iraqi esinongwe nge-candied, isundu esimnandi, isundu lolwandle, i-jujube, njll., siyisitshalo sohlobo lwe-Echinacea emndenini wesundu. Izihlahla zesundu ze-date ziyabekezelela isomiso, ziyabekezelela i-alkali, ziyabekezelela ukushisa futhi ziyawuthanda umswakama. Izihlahla zingaba neminyaka engamakhulu ubudala. amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi.

 

Isivuno sezithelo siphezulu futhi siyisitshalo esibalulekile sokuthumela kwamanye amazwe kwamanye amazwe aseNtshonalanga Asia. Usuku  Isundu lidlala indima ebalulekile ezinganekwaneni zama-Arabhu futhi livezwe ngaphezu kophawu lwesizwe saseSaudi Arabia. Njengesitshalo esingavamile, lithandwa kakhulu futhi phakathi kwamaGreki, avame ukusebenzisa ukuma kwamagatsha namaqabunga alo ukuhlobisa ithempeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadethi anenani eliphezulu lokudla okunempilo futhi aziwa nangokuthi isinkwa sasehlane. Ama-Iraq abiza amadethi ngegolide eliluhlaza - amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi.

 

Izihlahla zesundu ze-date zilethwe e-Australia, eSpain, eziQhingini zaseCanary eNyakatho Afrika, eziQhingini zaseMadeira, eCape Verde, eMauritius, eReunion, e-Afghanistan, ePakistan (eKhairpur), eNdiya, e-Israel, e-Iran, eShayina (eFujian, eGuangdong, eGuangxi, eYunnan), eFiji, eNew Caledonia, e-United States (eCalifornia, eNevada, eArizona, eFlorida), ePuerto Rico, enyakatho yeMexico, e-El Salvador, eziQhingini zaseCayman naseDominican Republic.

 

Ngawo-1960, iShayina yayintula izinto ezidingekayo kanye nemali eyayikhishwa ngokweqile. Ukuze alawule ukwehla kwamandla emali, uChen Yun, ophethe umnotho, wasebenzisa ukutholakala okungenamkhawulo kwezithelo nemifino ebiza kakhulu ukuze akhiphe imali, enciphisa ingcindezi yokwehla kwamandla emali. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-candied dates ase-Iraq angenisiwe, ushukela waseCuba, kanye nogwayi wase-Albania, okuye kwaba yizinkumbulo ezimnandi zesizukulwane enkathini yokuntuleka. amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi

 

Ivela eMpumalanga Ephakathi futhi manje itshalwe kabanzi eGuangdong, eGuangxi, eHainan nakwezinye izindawo ezweni lakithi.

 

Ibizwa ngokuthi isundu ngoba amaqabunga esundu abukeka njengamakhukhunathi kanti izithelo zibukeka njengamajujube, yingakho igama libizwa kanjalo. Iphinde ibe nedumela "lesinkwa sasehlane". amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi

 

Isihlahla sesundu se-date simelana nesomiso, simelana ne-alkali, simelana nokushisa futhi sithanda umswakama. "Somile ngaphezulu futhi simanzi ngaphansi" yindawo efanelekile yokukhula.

 

Ukusabalala kwezithombo ezihlukene kuveza imiphumela yokuqala futhi kungagcina izici zesitshalo esingumama. Sithanda izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomswakama ophansi. Izinga lokushisa lokuthela izithelo kudingeka libe ngaphezu kwama-28℃, kanti isitshalo esikhulile singamelana namazinga okushisa aphansi angu--10℃. Izidingo zenhlabathi aziqinile. Kufanele kube okuxekethile, okuvundile, okuphuma amanzi kahle okungathathi hlangothi kuya kolwelwesi olune-alkaline kancane, futhi ukumelana nosawoti ne-alkali. Kodwa-ke, okuqukethwe usawoti enhlabathini akukwazi ukudlula u-3%. Awukwazi ukubekezelela amanzi amile futhi ngeke ukhule kahle enhlabathini embi. Ngemva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokulima okwenziwe, ingaqhakaza futhi ithele izithelo. Ifanele ukusabalala ngokutshala noma ukuhlukanisa. Izithombo zingathela izithelo eminyakeni emi-5 ngemva kokutshala. Isimo seminyaka emikhulu nemincane sivamile. Lapho kutshalwa, izitshalo zesilisa ezingama-2% kufanele zisetshenziswe njengezihlahla ezithulula impova. amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi

 

Imbewu ihluma kalula, ngesilinganiso sokuhluma esijwayelekile esingaphezu kuka-80%. Umanyolo oyisisekelo ungasetshenziswa kanye nokufakelwa kabusha njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3, kanti umanyolo omncane owuketshezi ungasetshenziswa njalo ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ngesikhathi sokukhula; ungafakwa endlini yokugcina izitshalo ukuze zihlale isikhathi eside ebusika ekupheleni kwekwindla, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphansi akufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-10°C. 

 

Ubuchwepheshe bokulima isundu lase-Israyeli buhlukile emhlabeni. Izihlahla zesundu ezikhuliswe ehlane zikhuliswa ngobuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokunisela ngamaconsi.

 

Izimo zokutshala isundu samadethi amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi

 

I-Date Palm Atlas: Isundu sesundu simelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, izikhukhula, isomiso, usawoti kanye ne-alkali, kanye nesithwathwa (singamelana nokubanda okukhulu okungu--10°C, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezinobusika obubandayo kakhulu eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeShayina naseNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeShayina). Sithanda ukukhanya kwelanga futhi singakwazi. Isitshalo sesundu esikhule ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Izidingo zenhlabathi yokutshala aziqinile, kodwa i-organic loam enenhlabathi evundile kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi okuhle kungcono kakhulu. Sikhula ngokushesha futhi singafakwa yonke indawo. Futhi siyisitshalo esihle kakhulu sangaphakathi.

 

Isundu se-date singakhula ezindaweni ezishisayo nezingaphansi kwezindawo ezishisayo futhi siwumuthi oluhlaza ovamile ezindaweni ezisogwadule eNtshonalanga Asia naseNyakatho Afrika. Isiqu somuthi wesundu side futhi siqondile, amaqabunga ahlanganiswe kahle, kanti amaqabunga amade futhi anciphile, afana nalawo omuthi we-coconut. Izihlahla zesundu ze-date zi-dioecious, kanti isithelo sibukeka njenge-date, yingakho igama laso libizwa ngokuthi umuthi wesundu. Isiqu somuthi wesundu se-date side futhi siqondile, amaqabunga ahlanganiswe kahle, kanti amaqabunga amade futhi anciphile, afana nalawo omuthi we-coconut. Umuthi wesundu se-date u-dioecious futhi isithelo sibukeka njenge-date amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi.

 

Izimbali zesundu ze-date palm zimise okwe-spike futhi zikhula kusukela emaqabungeni amaqabunga. Ngokuvamile kunezinkulungwane ze-stamens esiqongweni sezimbali. I-stamens imhlophe, iyimpuphu futhi inephunga elimnandi. Esikhathini esidlule, ukuthuthwa kwempova kwezimbali zesilisa nezesifazane kwakuncike kuphela ekuvunguzeni komoya kwemvelo noma ezinambuzaneni eziqoqa umpe. Abantu bayaqonda isayensi futhi iningi labo lisebenzisa ukuthuthwa kwempova okwenziwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali, kuvame ukubonakala ukuthi abanye abantu abasha babopha izintambo bese bekhuphukela eziqongweni zezihlahla ukuze baqoqe impova yesilisa kuqala. Bese, bakhuphuka esihlahleni esisodwa sesifazane ngemva kwesinye bese besakaza impova. Ngokuthuthwa kwempova okwenziwe, ukuvundiswa kwezitshalo zesifazane kuyaqinisekiswa, okusiza ukwandisa isivuno sesundu se-date. Kuthiwa impova yesitshalo esisodwa sesilisa ingasetshenziswa izitshalo zesifazane ezingamashumi amane noma amashumi amahlanu. Emasimini amakhulu, abalimi bezithelo bahlala benquma izitshalo zesilisa ezengeziwe ngokwalesi silinganiso ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla engeziwe kanye nezinsizakusebenza ezibonakalayo ukuphatha izitshalo zesifazane. amabhokisi okupakisha amadethi.

 

Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga eziyisithupha noma eziyisikhombisa ukuthi isihlahla sesundu siqhakaze futhi sithele izithelo. Izihlahla zesundu ziluhlaza uma zisencane, ziphenduke zibe phuzi uma zikhula, futhi zibe nsundu obomvu uma sezivuthiwe. Izihlahla zesundu zinde, kanti amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zazo ziqoqene zibe yibhola. Isihlahla ngasinye singakhula kusukela eziqwini ezinhlanu kuya kweziyishumi, ngasinye sinesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayisikhombisa noma ayisishiyagalombili. Ngale ndlela, isihlahla sesundu esisesigabeni saso sokuthela izithelo esiphezulu singakhiqiza amakhilogremu angamashumi ayisithupha noma amashumi ayisikhombisa amadethi minyaka yonke. Ngesikhathi sokuthela izithelo, abantu bazobona esinye isimo eziqongweni zezihlahla: amabhola esundu asindayo, ahlanganiswe kakhulu ezikhwameni zephepha noma ambozwe ngamabhasikidi alukwe ngemichilo yezihlahla. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ukuwagoqa ngezikhwama zephepha ukuvimbela izithelo ezisanda kukhula ukuba zingabuni ngenxa yokuchayeka elangeni nokubola ngenxa yemvula; ukuwamboza ngebhasikidi ukuvimbela izithelo ezizovuthwa ukuthi zingawi ngenxa yokuba zinzima kakhulu noma zimnandi kakhulu. Futhi kwahlutshwa yizinyoni. Izihlahla ezikhiqizwe emazweni nasezifundeni ezahlukene zinezimo, ubukhulu, imibala, kanye nokuthungwa okuhlukile, kodwa zonke ziqukethe okuqukethwe ushukela ophezulu. Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kokunambitha, izinsuku ezivela e-Iraq, eSaudi Arabia, e-Oman naseGibhithe zimnandi kakhulu. Kuthiwa ngaphezu kwengxenye yesisindo sesithelo esomisiwe ushukela.

Inani lokudla okunempilo lamadethi:

Amadethi acebile ngama-polysaccharide emvelo kanye nama-asidi ezithelo, angakhuthaza ukukhishwa kwe-asidi yesisu kanye nojusi wesisu, asize ukusheshisa ukunyakaza kwamathumbu, futhi ayasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kokugaya ukudla. Angavimbela ukugayeka kokudla, i-gastritis, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa kanye nezinye izifo ngemva kokudla kancane.

 

Isundu sesundu simnandi futhi simanzi, singangena endaweni engaphansi kwephaphu, futhi singamanzisa amaphaphu futhi sinciphise ukukhwehlela. Siyindlela yokwelapha esekelayo yokuphelelwa umoya nokukhwehlela okubangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-qi emaphashini, futhi sinomphumela wokuxazulula i-phlegm kanye nokuqeda i-asthma ngenxa ye-phlegm emphinjeni.

 

Isundu lesundu liphinde libe nomphumela onamandla wokulwa ne-antioxidant, ongavimbela ama-free radicals ukuthi angonakalisi amangqamuzana emzimbeni, uqinise umsebenzi wokuvuselela amangqamuzana, futhi ubambezele ukuguga.

I-fibre yokudla equkethwe kuma-date ithambile kakhulu, engaqeda ukuqunjelwa futhi ikhiphe ubuthi emathunjini. Ezinye izithako eziwusizo kuma-date zingahlanza nezinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nobuthi esibindini futhi zisize ukuthi i-metabolism yesibindi ibuyele esimweni sayo esijwayelekile.

 

Ukukhama ijusi yesundu bese uyiphuza kungaqinisa inhliziyo futhi kuthuthukise imisebenzi yomzimba yabesilisa.

 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushukela wemvelo oqukethwe kuma-date uwukudla okufanele abantu abazama ukunciphisa umzimba.

 

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukuze wehlise isisindo, udinga ukulawula ukudla kwakho. Ngezinye izikhathi uzozizwa ulambile kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukudla amadethi ambalwa kungakwanelisa umsoco namandla adingwa ngumzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawa shukela emvelo ngeke abe nomthelela omubi ekunciphiseni isisindo, kunalokho. Kungavuselela amathumbu nesisu futhi kudle amakhalori amaningi.

 

Amaphutha ngokudla amadethi:

1.Abantu abanobende nesisu esibuthakathaka kanye nabantu abanesifo sohudo akufanele badle, ngoba ama-date ayabanda futhi ukudla kakhulu kuzobangela isifo sohudo. Izingane kufanele futhi zidle kancane.

 

Ngenxa yokuthi udevu nesisu sezingane kubuthakathaka, kanti amadethi ayanamathela futhi kunzima ukuwagaya, ukudla kakhulu kuzophazamisa ukusebenza kwesisu, kuthinte ukugaya kwezingane, futhi kunciphise isifiso sokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadethi aqukethe ushukela omningi, okungaholela kalula ekuqhekekeni kwamazinyo.

2.Amadethi nezaqathi azinakudliwa ndawonye. Izaqathi zicebile nge-carotene, enomthelela wokuhlanza isibindi nokuthuthukisa ukubona. Iphinde iqukethe inani elikhulu le-cellulose yezitshalo, engasheshisa ukuhamba kwamathumbu, ikhulule isisu futhi isize ekugayweni kokudla.

 

Amadethi nawo anezinzuzo eziningi, kodwa ukuhlanganiswa kwalokhu okubili akudali ubudlelwano obuqinile, kodwa kunalokho kuzonciphisa inani lokudla okunomsoco.

 

Ngoba izaqathi ziqukethe inani elikhulu lama-enzyme abola i-vitamin C, kanti amadethi acebile nge-vitamin C. Uma edliwa ndawonye, ​​i-vitamin C emadethi izobola, futhi inani lokudla okunomsoco lamadethi lizobhujiswa.

3.Ungakudli ngenkathi uthatha imithi yokubulala izinambuzane. Ngenxa yokuthi amadethi aqukethe ushukela omningi, uma ethathwa kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, azokwakha kalula ama-complex angancibiliki, okuzonciphisa izinga lokuqala lokumuncwa kwemithi.

4.Iziguli ezichama njalo akufanele ziwasebenzise. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-date anomphumela wokukhipha isisu, iziguli ezichama njalo zizoyenza ibe yimbi kakhulu isimo sazo ngemva kokuwadla.

 

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-"date palm" kanye ne-"red date"?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-"date palm" kanye ne-"red date"

Amadethi abomvu amnandi, amnandi, futhi anomsoco. Angadliwa njengezinto zokudla okulula, afakwe emanzini, noma enziwe iphalishi namakhekhe elayisi kanye namanye ama-dessert. Angenye yamadethi athandwa kakhulu ngabantu abaningi. Amadethi abukeka efana kakhulu namadethi abomvu, futhi baningi abantu abathanda ukuwadla, kodwa abazi umehluko oqondile phakathi kwamadethi abomvu namadethi abomvu. Abanye abantu baze bacabange ukuthi ayizinhlobo ezifanayo zamadethi, kodwa empeleni ahluke kakhulu.

1.Umehluko wezinhlobonhlobo. Izinsuku ezibomvu zibizwa nangokuthi izinsuku ezomile, ezingomndeni wakwaRhamnaceae kanye nohlobo lweJujube, kuyilapho izinsuku nazo zibizwa ngokuthi amasundu futhi zingomndeni wakwaPalmaceae kanye nohlobo lweJujube. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zihlukile ngokuphelele;

2.Umehluko wombala. Umbala wamadethi abomvu ngokuvamile ubomvu noma uphuzi, unombala okhanyayo, kanti umbala wamadethi ngokuvamile ubomvu-mnyama noma umbala wesosi yesoya, unombala omnyama;

3.Umehluko wokubukeka. Ukubonakala kwama-date abomvu ngokuvamile kuyi-cylindrical, anezimbobo ezinhlangothini zombili kanye nokuvuvuka okuncane phakathi. Ukuma kwamasundu esundu kufana nokwe-date abomvu, futhi kuyi-cylindrical ene-vuvuka kancane phakathi, kodwa kunesiqu esimhlophe esiphakanyisiwe ohlangothini olulodwa;

4.Umehluko ekunambithekeni. Ukunambitheka kwama-date abomvu kuthambile, kuthambile futhi kuqinile, kunobumnandi obuphakathi emlonyeni. Lapho uhlafuna kakhulu, kuba nephunga elimnandi kakhulu, kuyilapho ukuthungwa kwama-date ngokuvamile kuqinile, kunobumnandi obuqinile emlonyeni, obumnandi futhi obumnandi.

 

Yikuphi okumnandi kakhulu, ama-date noma ama-red date?

Njengoba amadethi namadethi abomvu enobumnandi nokuthungwa okuhlukile, asikwazi ukusho ukuthi iyiphi emnandi kakhulu. Ungakhetha kuphela ngokwezintandokazi zakho zokunambitha:

 

1.Amadethi afanele ukunambitheka okumnandi. Njengoba okuqukethwe ushukela kumadethi kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwezinsuku ezibomvu, amadethi ngokuvamile anambitheka kamnandi. Uma uthanda ukunambitheka okumnandi, khona-ke amadethi afaneleka kakhulu kuwe, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuqukethwe ushukela kumadethi. Kuphezulu, ngakho awukwazi ukudla kakhulu;

 

2.Amadethi abomvu afanele umphakathi. Amadethi abomvu anomumo othambile futhi oqinile kanye nokunambitheka okumnandi. Anambitheka kahle noma ngabe adliwa ngqo noma acwiliswe emanzini. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi ubumnandi abunamandla kakhulu, afanele ukunambitheka kwabantu abaningi.

 

Ungadla kanjani ama-date nama-red date?

1.Kunezindlela eziningi zokudla ama-red date. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-red date anobumnandi obufanele futhi acebile ngezakhamzimba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi adliwa ngqo, acwiliswe emanzini, enziwe isobho, noma enziwe ama-pastry, ama-red date ayisiza kakhulu futhi asebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi;

 

2.Amadethi afanele ukudliwa okomile nokwenza i-pasta. Ngenxa yokuthi amadethi anoshukela omningi, afaneleka ukwenza ama-noodle ukuze kudliwe ndawonye ukuze kuncishiswe ubumnandi. Vele, afaneleka futhi ukudliwa okomile ukuze kujabulele ubumnandi abulethayo kuze kube seqophelweni lolimi. Kodwa-ke, awafanele ukucwiliswa emanzini, ukwenza isobho, njll. Ngoba lokhu kuzosusa ngokuphelele ubumnandi bamadethi, okuholela ekutheni amadethi angabi nabukhazikhazi nobumnandi bokuqala, futhi ubumnandi obukhulu bamadethi nakho kuzokwenza amanzi noma isobho lingabi mnandi.

 

Yikuphi okunomsoco kakhulu, ama-date noma ama-red date?

Amadethi abomvu anomsoco kakhulu kunemadethi. Izizathu zimi kanje:

 

1.Izinsuku ezibomvu zineprotheyini ephezulu. Ngokwezibalo, amagremu ayi-100 ezinsuku ezibomvu aqukethe amagremu angu-3.2 eprotheyini, kuyilapho amagremu ayi-100 ezinsuku equkethe amagremu angu-2.2 kuphela eprotheyini. Izinsuku ezibomvu zineprotheyini ephezulu kunezinsuku;

 

2.Amadethi abomvu acebile ngamavithamini. Ngokusho kwezilinganiso, amadethi abomvu ngokuvamile aqukethe i-vithamini A, i-vithamini C, i-vithamini E kanye ne-carotene nezinye izakhamzimba, kuyilapho amadethi ngokuvamile aqukethe amavithamini B1, B2, B6 kanye ne-vithamini E kuphela, futhi okuqukethwe kwawo kuphansi kunemadethi abomvu;

 

3.Amadethi abomvu acebile ngezinto ezincane. Ngokusho kwezilinganiso, amadethi abomvu ngokuvamile aqukethe amaminerali ayi-11 njenge-calcium, i-sodium, i-zinc, i-manganese, ne-iron, kanye nezinto ezincane ezahlukahlukene ezifana nomlotha, i-retinol, ne-riboflavin, kuyilapho amadethi equkethe amaminerali ayi-8 kuphela. , kanti ezinye izinto azicebile njengezinsuku ezibomvu. Ngamafuphi, ukudla amadethi abomvu kungcono kunezinsuku.